Recurrent miscarriage is associated with a family history of ischaemic heart disease: a retrospective cohort study

2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
GCS Smith ◽  
AM Wood ◽  
JP Pell ◽  
J Hattie
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Epidemiological evidence for a hereditary contribution to myasthenia gravis: a retrospective cohort study of patients from North America

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e037909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D Green ◽  
Richard J Barohn ◽  
Emanuela Bartoccion ◽  
Michael Benatar ◽  
Derrick Blackmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
North America ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Genetic Contribution ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sporadic Disease

ObjectivesTo approximate the rate of familial myasthenia gravis and the coexistence of other autoimmune disorders in the patients and their families.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingClinics across North America.ParticipantsThe study included 1032 patients diagnosed with acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR)-positive myasthenia gravis.MethodsPhenotype information of 1032 patients diagnosed with AChR-positive myasthenia gravis was obtained from clinics at 14 centres across North America between January 2010 and January 2011. A critical review of the epidemiological literature on the familial rate of myasthenia gravis was also performed.ResultsAmong 1032 patients, 58 (5.6%) reported a family history of myasthenia gravis. A history of autoimmune diseases was present in 26.6% of patients and in 28.4% of their family members.DiscussionThe familial rate of myasthenia gravis was higher than would be expected for a sporadic disease. Furthermore, a high proportion of patients had a personal or family history of autoimmune disease. Taken together, these findings suggest a genetic contribution to the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a nomogram to better predict hypertension based on a 10-year retrospective cohort study in China

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinna Deng ◽  
Huiqing Hou ◽  
Xiaoxi Wang ◽  
Qingxia Li ◽  
Xiuyuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Training Set ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Validation Set

Background:Hypertension is a highly prevalent disorder. A nomogram to estimate the risk of hypertension in Chinese individuals is not available.Methods:6201 subjects were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into training set and validation set at a ratio of 2:1. The LASSO regression technique was used to select the optimal predictive features, and multivariate logistic regression to construct the nomograms. The performance of the nomograms was assessed and validated by AUC, C-index, calibration curves, DCA, clinical impact curves, NRI, and IDI.Results:The nomogram140/90 was developed with the parameters of family history of hypertension, age, SBP, DBP, BMI, MCHC, MPV, TBIL, and TG. AUCs of nomogram140/90 were 0.750 in the training set and 0.772 in the validation set. C-index of nomogram140/90 were 0.750 in the training set and 0.772 in the validation set. The nomogram130/80 was developed with the parameters of family history of hypertension, age, SBP, DBP, RDWSD, and TBIL. AUCs of nomogram130/80 were 0.705 in the training set and 0.697 in the validation set. C-index of nomogram130/80 were 0.705 in the training set and 0.697 in the validation set. Both nomograms demonstrated favorable clinical consistency. NRI and IDI showed that the nomogram140/90 exhibited superior performance than the nomogram130/80. Therefore, the web-based calculator of nomogram140/90 was built online.Conclusions:We have constructed a nomogram that can be effectively used in the preliminary and in-depth risk prediction of hypertension in a Chinese population based on a 10-year retrospective cohort study.Funding:This study was supported by the Hebei Science and Technology Department Program (no. H2018206110).

scholarly journals Reinfection Rates Among Patients Who Previously Tested Positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Sheehan ◽  
Anita J Reddy ◽  
Michael B Rothberg
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Prior Infection ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Protection afforded from prior disease among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is unknown. If infection provides substantial long-lasting immunity, it may be appropriate to reconsider vaccination distribution. Methods This retrospective cohort study of 1 health system included 150 325 patients tested for COVID-19 infection via polymerase chain reaction from 12 March 2020 to 30 August 2020. Testing performed up to 24 February 2021 in these patients was included. The main outcome was reinfection, defined as infection ≥90 days after initial testing. Secondary outcomes were symptomatic infection and protection of prior infection against reinfection. Results Of 150 325 patients, 8845 (5.9%) tested positive and 141 480 (94.1%) tested negative before 30 August. A total of 1278 (14.4%) positive patients were retested after 90 days, and 62 had possible reinfection. Of those, 31 (50%) were symptomatic. Of those with initial negative testing, 5449 (3.9%) were subsequently positive and 3191 of those (58.5%) were symptomatic. Protection offered from prior infection was 81.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76.6–85.8) and against symptomatic infection was 84.5% (95% CI, 77.9–89.1). This protection increased over time. Conclusions Prior infection in patients with COVID-19 was highly protective against reinfection and symptomatic disease. This protection increased over time, suggesting that viral shedding or ongoing immune response may persist beyond 90 days and may not represent true reinfection. As vaccine supply is limited, patients with known history of COVID-19 could delay early vaccination to allow for the most vulnerable to access the vaccine and slow transmission.

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