B. F. Skinner's Radical Behaviorism: Historical Misconstructions and Grounds for Feminist Reconstructions

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria R. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
World View ◽  
Radical Behaviorism ◽  
Developmental Theory ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Theory Construction ◽  
Preliminary Step ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
Verbal Community

Feminist critiques of traditional psychological approaches have generated feminist revisions, most notably in psychoanalytic and developmental theory. Although behaviorism has attracted strong objections from feminist critics, claims of its antithetical positioning vis-à-vis feminist theory construction have generally remained unchallenged. A preliminary step in formulating grounds for a synthesis is to clarify multiple meanings of behaviorism. Specifically, the fusion of Watson's methodological behaviorism and Skinner's radical behaviorism in the literature must be disentangled in order to address the latter's potential as a conceptual framework for constructing feminist theory. Key conceptual features of radical behaviorism that suggest its potential as a vehicle for building a feminist epistemology include: radical behaviorism's contextualistic world view, its interpretation of agency, its treatment of private experience and self knowledge, and its understanding of the pivotal functions of the verbal community.

The Journey through Feminism: Theory, Research, and Dilemmas from the Field

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
Tamar Z. Semerjian ◽  
Jennifer J. Waldron
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Feminism Theory ◽  
Theory Research

This paper explores how feminism can be used in sport psychology research and the particular dilemmas that can present themselves when a feminist perspective is used within the framework of sport psychology. Both authors describe their personal entrées into various schools of feminism, the ways they incorporate feminist theory into their work, and the struggles they have encountered in using feminist approaches in a field that is not always open to feminist epistemology. This paper includes a description of several types of feminist thought. Both authors use feminist theory in research that concerns women at either end of the life span, specifically girls and older women, and the ways that members of these groups think about and relate to their bodies. While feminism has been an important, useful, and enlightening perspective and tool for both authors, it has also proven problematic within the context of sport psychology research. The dilemmas encountered are described as epistemological and methodological and discussed in the context of personal experiences from both authors.

scholarly journals R. Kurzweil’s Worldview: A Critical Analysis of the Technocratic Projectto Achieve Immortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Maxim O. Izotov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
World View ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Self Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Limited Possibility ◽  
Modern Technologies

The article is devoted to understanding the prospects of possible application of advanced technological developments in order to improve the biological nature of man. It analyses the ideas of Ray Kurzweil, who is a supporter of such transformations of human nature. It is shown that Kurzweil’s conclusions are of a worldview nature: in the near future, through the cyborgization of people, it will be possible to achieve a state close to immortality and, thus, solve the world-view issues of self-knowledge and create the conditions for unlimited self-development. It is concluded that such optimistic forecasts are insufficiently justified due to the limited possibility of modern technologies to “improve” a person’s life and help with the most difficult technical and ethical problems.

Christian Maturity in Light of Feminist Theory

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Stewart Van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
World View ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Radical Feminist ◽  
Christian Maturity ◽  
Faith And Learning ◽  
Feminist Movements

Beginning with a methodological statement regarding the integration of faith and learning, the article proceeds to a brief historical overview of definitions of human maturity, followed by a critical evaluation of ideas of maturity implicit in liberal Marxist, and radical feminist movements. Particular attention is paid to certain aspects of “postradical” or “differentiating” feminisms which are compatible with a biblical world view.

A Question of Silence: Feminist Theory and Women's Voices

Philosophy ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Crary
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Feminist Methodology ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Feminist Thought ◽  
Recent Trends

This paper examines some recent trends in feminist epistemology. It argues that theories that make a priori claims to the effect that the structure of our body of knowledge must encode a masculine bias are both philosophically problematic and politically counterproductive, and it recommends a feminist methodology free from such general theoretical claims as best suited for the promotion of productive feminist thought and action.

scholarly journals The Problems of the Implementation of the Idea of ​​Creationism in the National and State-Making of Ukraine

2009 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
K.K. Nedzelsky
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
State Building ◽  
Human Spirit ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The World ◽  
National Spirit ◽  
Self Knowledge

One of the important problems of the modern nation-building and state-building in Ukraine is the insufficient inclusion of the creative potential of the Ukrainian national spirit in it, which, in turn, is caused by its weak orientation to self-knowledge by the means of philosophical and religious reflection. Considering that the main characteristic of the human spirit is its active-creative character, that is, its focus on both self-creation and self-perfection, and on the transformation of the surrounding reality, it is advisable to consider how the Christian idea of ​​creationism models the world-view and outlook of the Ukrainian national spirit . His decision largely depends on the incorporation of the collective will and mind of the Ukrainian into building a democratic state on the principles of truth, humanism, justice and good.

Storytelling/Narrative

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari Stone-Mediatore
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Transnational Feminism ◽  
Standpoint Theory ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Feminist Standpoint Theory ◽  
Feminist Standpoint ◽  
Politics Of Knowledge

This article traces debates within feminist theory since the 1980s over the critical and democratic potential of experience-based storytelling. Focusing on accounts of storytelling that have developed within feminist standpoint theory, transnational feminism, feminist democratic theory, and feminist epistemology, the article examines arguments that experience-based narratives are necessary for more rigorous and inclusive civic and scholarly discussions. The article also examines the challenges that have been posed to storytelling from within feminist theory, including analyses that highlight the power relations, exclusions, and cultural conventions that characterize storytelling itself. The article explores what we might learn about the politics of knowledge from such varied but persistent feminist engagements with storytelling.

Out of Silence: Writing Interactive Women's Life Histories in Africa

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie H. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Rite Of Passage ◽  
Theory Construction ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Distinct Line ◽  
Underlying Theme

It is not surprising that no distinct line demarks Mrs. Zenani's creative stories and the events of her own life. The plotting of fictional imagery sometimes gives way to the detailed depiction of, for example, a rite of passage distilled from her history. If the oral tale provides insights into history, such real life descriptions as are found in this autobiography are frequently framed by the imaginative tradition.During the summer of 1982 I lived in the predominantly Muslim city of Kano, in northern Nigeria, to study the Hausa language and to learn about women's lives—their activities, interests, and identities. Residence in Kano challenged the questions and theoretical assumptions of my research. The ‘silences’ I encountered in the field now inform questions for a methodology for the study of women's lives that acknowledges the connections between researcher, subject/s of life history research, and the eventual written analysis of their narrative histories. An underlying theme—and persistent question—is the extent to which such writing tells us more about the researcher or the narratives' subject/s.Feminist theory and methodology inform this consideration of women's life histories. Feminist scholars have focused on the inscription of meaning in women's interests in writing about women. They have assigned a central role to “women's conscious perceptions” of their lived social experience in theory construction. The specific inclusion of women's, and other groups' perceptions contributes to historians' formulation of research models and methodology. I will discuss several methodological issues before returning to the ‘silences’ of my own fieldwork.

scholarly journals Fan studies and/as feminist methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briony Hannell
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Fan Studies ◽  
Feminist Methodology ◽  
Autobiographical Writing ◽  
Production Of Knowledge ◽  
Ontology Building ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Feminist Cultural Studies

Feminist cultural studies and feminist theory in genealogies of fan studies are taken for granted. However, the implications of feminist methodological and epistemological frameworks within discussions of fan studies methodology are more often inferred than directly stated—or cited. Examining the parallel debates taking place around knowledge, power, and reflexivity within feminist theory, feminist cultural studies, and fan studies illustrates how key methodological approaches within fan studies are deeply grounded in feminist epistemology and ontology. Building on theorizations of the dual positionality of the acafan alongside feminist theorizations of self-reflexivity permits an exploration of how acafandom aligns with feminist methodological frameworks regarding researcher fragmentation and reflexivity. Emotion and affect are important concerns for acafan scholarship to address, as they align fan studies with feminist traditions of personal and autobiographical writing that privilege subjectivity as a legitimate source of knowledge. Explicitly reframing fan studies within this theoretical and methodological context augments the understanding of many of the fundamental beliefs and principles underpinning the production of knowledge within fan studies, and helps refine the critical language used to frame and describe scholarly methodologies.

Ein astronomisch-astrologisches Gedicht des persischen Dichters Ḥusain Ḥakīm Ṯanāʾī Mašhadī auf der Berliner Indischen Weltkarte

Der Islam ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-157
Author(s):  
Elke Niewöhner
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
The Other ◽  
Islamic Art ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
Planetary Theories

Abstract One does not encounter short astronomical-astrological poems in Persian very frequently. One such poem, by the Persian-Indian poet Ṯanāʾī (d. 1587/8) is inscribed on the Indian world map in the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin. This map probably originated in the sphere of the court of the ruler of Rajastan, Sawai Jai Singh II. (1700‒1743). The poem does not bear a relationship to the other inscriptions and paintings found on the map, and is known only from this map. It presupposes a significant degree of knowledge of astronomy and astrology on the reader’s part, especially since Ṯanāʾī had developed a style in India by means of which he was able to “pack longwinded ideas and multiple meanings into a succinct expression”. The poem reflects a world view that is based on the cosmology of Aristotle and the planetary theories of Ptolemy. In particular, it addresses the heavenly spheres, with the earth at their center, the system of astronomical coordinates, the course and the characteristics of the planets, including Sun and Moon, and a short characterization of the four elements and the twelve signs of the zodiac. This article provides a philological reading, translation, and line-by-line commentary of the poem.

Exploring the gender question in critical information systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Adam
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Feminist Philosophy ◽  
Critical Information ◽  
Ideal Speech Situation ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Computer Mediated Communications ◽  
Preliminary Consideration ◽  
Speech Situation

This paper addresses ways in which theorizing gender may be important in forming an understanding of the topic of emancipation, which is central to the new critical information systems (IS) based on the thinking of Habermas. After briefly discussing some problems with current research on gender and IS the paper argues that appropriate feminist theory may be useful in augmenting our understanding of foundational issues such as emancipation. The development of feminist philosophy and epistemology is briefly introduced. Habermas’ ‘ideal speech situation’ is problematized in relation to feminist writing on male and female communication juxtaposed with recent research in computer-mediated communications. The paper continues by exploring the concept of emancipation through feminist epistemology and it closes with a preliminary consideration of how these concerns may be applied to critical IS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document