Bird Species' Tolerance of Secondary Forest Habitats and Its Effects on Extinction

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRANT M. HARRIS ◽  
STUART L. PIMM
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Species Tolerance ◽  
Forest Habitats

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KEMERATAAN BURUNG PADA BERBAGAI TIPE HABITAT DI DESA ARTAIN KECAMATAN ARANIO KABUPATEN BANJAR KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Basuki Rahman ◽  
Abdi Fithria ◽  
Basir Achmad ◽  
Danang Biyatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Observation Point ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Village ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Forest Habitats

Artain is a village located opposite the Riam Kanan reservoir in Aranio District, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province. There are various types of habitat in the Village, from the edge of a reservoir to primary forest which is thought to be home to various birds species, which over time has the potential to degrade or change due to human activity which then reduces its quality and function as habitat for many birds species. It is necessary to research the diversity and evenness of birds in each habitat type in Artain, so that the existence of various bird species can be known. The research was conducted from May to June 2020, the method used in the study was the cruising circumference point, which is determining the observation point and its radius and then making observations by exploring the observation path continue. The results showed that there were 9 types of bird's habitat in Artain, they are Settlements, Periphery Reservoirs, Shrubs, Mixed Gardens, Rubber Gardens, Reeds, Fields, Secondary Forests, and Primary Forests. The lowest diversity value (H' = 1.25) was identified in field habitats and the highest (H' = 3.17) in scrub habitats, meaning that the level of diversity in all habitats was classified as moderate. The lowest evenness value in secondary forest habitats (E = 0.80) and the highest is mixed garden habitats and rubber gardens (E = 0.97), which means that evenness in each habitat is in the high category.

scholarly journals Patterns of Diversity and Distribution of Arboreal Social Bees’ Beehives within Chimpanzees’ Home Range in a Forest-Savanna Mosaic (Comoé National Park, Côte d’Ivoire)

Sociobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Angele Nicodenin Soro ◽  
Juan Lapuente ◽  
Abduoulaye Ngolo Kone ◽  
Kolo Yeo ◽  
Souleymane Konate
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Social Bees ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Forest Island ◽  
Forest Habitats

The goal of this study was to explain the patterns of diversity and distribution of arboreal social bees nesting in forest habitats of the Comoé National park, within the home-ranges of wild chimpanzees that consume their honey. Investigations were done using a total sixteen plots, one hectare each, established in three habitat types (mature forest island, secondary forest island and gallery forest). The diversity and distribution of arboreal social bees was estimated with visuals searches. The exploitation of the beehives of these bee by the chimpanzees was also evaluated using chimpanzees’ honey dipping tools as indicators. Results revealed five bees’ species belonging to two tribes; Meliponini (Meliponula ferruginea, Meliponula togoensis, Meliponula bocandei, Hypotrigona gribodoi) and Apini (Apis mellifera). Frequent exploitation of the honey of stingless bees by the chimpanzees was observed, except for H. gribodoi. Meliponula ferruginea was the most exploited species by chimpanzees. A total of 114 beehives were found in the overall established plots leading to an estimated density of 2.4 beehives/ha in the study area. Among the surveyed habitats, mature forest island was found to harbor the highest beehive density (4.2 beehives/ha), followed respectively by secondary-forest island (1.9 beehives/ha) and gallery forest (1.1 beehives/ha). Finally, all bee species were found nesting in cavities of trees with a DBH ranging from 15 to 87.3 cm, with a special preference for Dialium guinneense. However, the DBH of nesting trees and beehives’ height, measured from the ground level, did not significantly influence the honey exploitation by chimpanzees. In sum bee species diversity and distribution might be important in the survival of chimpanzees of a forest savanna landscape.

scholarly journals The status and conservation of the endemic bird species of São Tomé and Príncipe, West Africa

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Atkinson ◽  
Nic Peet ◽  
James Alexander
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Book

SummaryFieldwork on the distribution, status and ecology of the endemic bird species of São Tomé and Príncipe was conducted from June to September 1990. The results are here combined with other evidence, notably from recent ICBP-backed fieldwork. Findings largely support existing Red Data Book listings, although Oriolus crassirostris is now found only in remote undisturbed areas at low density, and deserves “Rare” status. Particular achievements of the 1990 fieldwork were the first observations since the 1920s of Bostrychia bocagei, Lanius newtoni and Amaurocichla bocagii, the first two being very rare (one seen of each) and the last patchily common (along streams), records of all three being from either Rio Xufexufe or Rio Ana Chaves or both. Primary forest, mature secondary forest and shade forest are all important to the security of the full avifauna of both islands.

scholarly journals Habitat and population estimates of some threatened lowland forest bird species in Tambopata, south-east Peru

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUW LLOYD
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Forest Bird ◽  
Madre De Dios ◽  
Forest Habitats

Surveys of threatened lowland forest bird species and forest habitats were conducted during a 21-month census of lowland bird communities in Tambopata, Department of Madre de Dios, south-east Peru. A combination of distance sampling census methods and direct counts was used for the census in five sites located along the Rio Madre de Dios and Rio Tambopata. All five sites consisted of different forest types with significantly different habitat components. Three of these sites were classified as primary forest habitats whilst the remaining two were classified as disturbed forests. Population densities were calculated for eight of the threatened species recorded during the census. Density estimates of non-bamboo specialists were higher in primary forest habitats than in disturbed forest habitats. Density estimates of most bamboo specialists were higher in primary Old Floodplain forest with extensive bamboo understorey than in primary Middle/Upper Floodplain forest with smaller, patchy areas of bamboo understorey. Calculation of regional population estimates based on the amount of forest cover from satellite photographs shows that only two of the threatened bird species have substantial populations currently protected by the Parque Nacional Bahuaja-Sonene and Reservada Nacional de Tambopata. Selective logging operations that reduce overall tree biomass and remove a large proportion of palm tree species from primary forest habitats will have an adverse affect on local populations of four of the threatened bird species in the region.

scholarly journals Extreme levels of hunting of birds in a remote village of Hainan Island, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEI LIANG ◽  
YAN CAI ◽  
CAN-CHAO YANG
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Subsistence Hunting ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
The People ◽  
Wild Meat ◽  
Village People ◽  
Forest Habitats

SummaryIn China, many bird species are generally thought to be threatened mainly, or at least partly, by hunting. However, there have been few studies of bird hunting at a local scale. Bird hunting and trade in Nanmao, a remote mountainous village of Hainan Island, China, was investigated during March–July 2003 and September–October 2005. In total, 86 households were visited, of which 43% reported that they engaged in hunting of birds while 91% of households were seen to have hunted birds or hunting tools. This indicated that hunting by village people was widespread. Most hunters were male, and were between 12 and 68 years old. A total of 78 bird species were hunted, including 2 First Class and 19 Second Class national protected species. This extreme level of hunting has changed from a more moderate subsistence hunting tradition since about 1980, when local urban markets for wild meat started to develop. We outline a strategic plan designed to conserve birds, other wildlife and their forest habitats, whilst improving the livelihoods and preserving the minority tribal traditions of the people of Nanmao forest.

scholarly journals Diversidad de aves en fragmentos de bosque seco tropical en paisajes ganaderos del Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1625
Author(s):  
Jose Alejandro Vergara Paternina ◽  
Jesús Ballesteros Correa ◽  
Carlos González Charrasquiel ◽  
Juan C. Linares Arias
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Secondary Forests

In Colombia the tropical dry forest is one of the most threatened and least known ecosystems; these have been impacted by different transformation processes and habitat fragmentation, which have affected bird conditions and survival. This research evaluated the influence of landscape elements (forest and pastures with different tree covers) on bird diversity in the tropical dry forest of Córdoba, Colombia. The study was developed within an extensive livestock landscape to characterize the avifauna in four habitat types formed by fragments of secondary forests with different tree cover: secondary forest, pastures with high tree cover, pastures with low tree cover and only pastures. The influence of tree cover on bird diversity was evaluated with monthly samplings in 200 m long transects (per habitat), with two observation intervals (6:00 - 9:00 and 15:00-18:00), from September 2011 to May 2012. A total of 6 667 individuals belonging to 180 species and 48 families of birds were registered. The most abundant species were Columbina talpacoti (5.37 %), Brotogeris jugularis (5.14 %), Tyrannus melancholicus (4.81 %) and Bubulcus ibis (4.80 %). The most abundant family was Tyrannidae (16.4 %), followed by Psitacidae (9.0 %) and Columbidae (8.2 %). The family with the highest number of species was Tyrannidae with 28 species, followed by Accipitridae and Icteridae with 10 species each. The greatest species richness was present in the secondary forest habitat, followed by the pastures with high tree cover, and pastures with low cover. The lowest abundance and species richness was found in pastures without tree cover with significant differences between the habitats (Fisher, p <0.05). According to the Shannon index, the diversity of birds was higher in the secondary forests. In contrast, the lowest diversity was found in pastures without tree cover. The greatest species richness occurred in the months of October and November. In the rest of the sampling period, the number of recorded species and individuals showed some stability. The importance of trees presence in extensive livestock areas was evidenced because they help to contain an important diversity of bird species, and they also generate connectivity among fragments of secondary forests in the cattle landscape.

KERAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI KAWASAN HUTAN DENGAN TUJUAN KHUSUS UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT (KHDTK ULM) KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Feri Saputra ◽  
Abdi Fithria ◽  
Badaruddin Badaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Bird Habitat ◽  
Land Covers ◽  
Forest Land Cover

This study aims to record the diversity of bird species in various land covers, analyze the vegetation types of bird habitat in various land covers, identify branches of branches / branches used as bird perch in each land cover in the KHDTK ULM area (Forest Areas with Special Purpose, Lambung Mangkurat University) Kalimantan South. Sampling is done using the method of exploration (Incidental Sampling) at the observation location and randomly at the starting point of observation. diversity of bird species obtained from various land cover totaling 30 species, 18 families and 361 individuals. The results of the study of bird species present on the entire land cover are Java chili (Dicaeum trochileum), Peking bondol (Lonchura punculata), stone kite (Hirundo tahitica), gray bentet (Lanius scach), honey sriganti (Cinnyris jugularis). Vegetation diversity around secondary forest land cover found 15 types of vegetation, shrub land cover found 12 types of vegetation, garden land cover found 13 types of vegetation, residential land cover found 12 types of vegetation, dry land forest cover found 20 types of vegetation. Branches / twigs are used as perches to adjust to the activities and types of vegetation where the birds perch on / perch, on average all birds will perch in the perched branch / branches with diameters of 1-5 cm.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendata keragaman jenis burung diberbagai tutupan lahan, menganalisis jenis vegetasi habitat burung diberbagai tutupan lahan, mengidentifikasi kelas tengger dahan/ranting yang dijadikan tempat bertengger burung disetiap tutupan lahan di areal KHDTK ULM (Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus Universitas Lambung Mangkurat) Kalimantan Selatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penjelajahan (Incidental Sampling) pada lokasi pengamatan dan secara acak pada titik awal pengamatan keragaman jenis burung yang didapat dari berbagai tutupan lahan berjumlah 30 jenis, 18 family dan 361 individu. Hasil penelitian jenis burung yang hadir pada seluruh tutupan lahan adalah cabai jawa (Dicaeum trochileum), bondol peking (Lonchura punculata), layang-layang batu (Hirundo tahitica), bentet kelabu (Lanius scach), madu sriganti (Cinnyris jugularis). Keragaman vegetasi di sekitar tutupan lahan hutan sekunder di temukan 15 jenis vegetasi, tutupan lahan semak belukar ditemukan 12 jenis vegetasi, tutupan lahan kebun ditemukan 13 jenis vegetasi, tutupan lahan pemukiman ditemukan 12 jenis vegetasi, tutupan  hutan lahan kering ditemukan 20 jenis vegetasi. Dahan/ranting yang di jadikan tempat bertengger menyesuaikan dengan aktifitas dan jenis vegetasi tempat berpijak/bertengger burung, rata-rata semua burung akan bertengger pada kelas tengger dahan/ranting dengan diameter 1-5 cm.

Observations on the aggregation of adult cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae) in tropical forests

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen M. Young
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Patchy Distribution ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Fragmented Forest ◽  
Forest Habitats

The distribution of adult cicadas in various tree species was studied in Costa Rica. These observations indicate that tropical cicadas, mostly males, often congregate in certain tree species in various kinds of secondary forest habitats. Aggregated male cicadas exhibit intense chorusing and females fly into chorusing aggregations, presumably for mating. Trees used for aggregations are also cicada feeding sites. The conspicuous absence of oviposition evidence or nymphal skins suggest that these trees are used primarily for intensive male chorusing which assembles females for mating. Tendency to congregate in particular trees is related to the spatial position of the trees and their exposure to direct sunlight. Highly fragmented forest patches in some regions (central highlands, lowland Guanacaste) function as islands for cicadas to complete their life cycles and mating, whereas the abundant secondary forest habitats in other regions (northeastern lowlands) are being invaded by a few species which use secondary forest trees for completion of life cycles and mating. The apparent absence of dense aggregations of adult cicadas within climax tropical forests, even though nymphal skins are found here, is probably related to the very patchy distribution of individuals of each tree species and perhaps other factors (i.e., shading) affecting the attractiveness of trees for congregating cicadas.

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