Collagen Fiber Morphology Determines Echogenicity of Myocardial Scar: Implications for Image Interpretation

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghasan M. Tabel ◽  
Peter Whittaker ◽  
Konstantinos Vlachonassios ◽  
Mehul Sonawala ◽  
P. Anthony Chandraratna
Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2794
Author(s):  
Kristal L. Gant ◽  
Alexander N. Jambor ◽  
Zihui Li ◽  
Eric C. Rentchler ◽  
Paul Weisman ◽  
...  

Background: The collagen architecture in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is highly remodeled compared to the normal ovary and the fallopian tubes (FT). We previously used Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy and machine learning to classify the changes in collagen fiber morphology occurring in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) lesions that are concurrent with HGSOC. We now extend these studies to examine collagen remodeling in pure p53 signatures, STICs and normal regions in tissues that have no concurrent HGSOC. This is an important distinction as high-grade disease can result in distant collagen changes through a field effect mechanism. Methods: We trained a linear discriminant model based on SHG texture and image features as a classifier to discriminate the tissue groups. We additionally performed mass spectrometry analysis of normal and HGSOC tissues to associate the differential expression of collagen isoforms with collagen fiber morphology alterations. Results: We quantified the differences in the collagen architecture between normal tissue and the precursors with good classification accuracy. Through proteomic analysis, we identified the downregulation of single α-chains including those for Col I and III, where these results are consistent with our previous SHG-based supramolecular analyses. Conclusion: This work provides new insights into ECM remodeling in early ovarian cancer and suggests the combined use of SHG microscopy and mass spectrometry as a new diagnostic/prognostic approach.


1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (5) ◽  
pp. H2123-H2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Holmes ◽  
J. A. Nunez ◽  
J. W. Covell

During healing after myocardial infarction, scar collagen content and stiffness do not correlate. We studied regional mechanics and both area fraction and orientation of large collagen fibers 3 wk after coronary ligation in the pig. During passive inflation of isolated, arrested hearts, the scar tissue demonstrated significantly less circumferential strain but similar longitudinal and radial deformation in comparison with noninfarcted regions of the same hearts. The observed selective resistance to circumferential deformation was consistent with the finding that most of the large collagen fibers in the scar were oriented within 30 degrees of the local circumferential axis. Furthermore, data from a previous study indicate that during ventricular systole these scars resist circumferential stretching, whereas they deform similarly to noninfarcted myocardium in the longitudinal and radial directions. We conclude that large collagen fiber structure is an important determinant of scar mechanical properties and that scar anisotropy allows the scar to resist circumferential stretching while deforming compatibly with adjacent noninfarcted myocardium in the longitudinal and radial directions.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-France Penet ◽  
Samata Kakkad ◽  
Arvind P. Pathak ◽  
Venu Raman ◽  
Meiyappan Solaiyappan ◽  
...  

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Rentchler ◽  
Kristal L. Gant ◽  
Ronny Drapkin ◽  
Manish Patankar ◽  
Paul J. Campagnola

The majority of high-grade serous ovarian cancers originate in the fallopian tubes, however, the corresponding structural changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) have not been well-characterized. This information could provide new insight into the carcinogenesis and provide the basis for new diagnostic tools. We have previously used the collagen-specific Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy to probe collagen fiber alterations in high-grade serous ovarian cancer and in other ovarian tumors, and showed they could be uniquely identified by machine learning approaches. Here we couple SHG imaging of serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinomas (STICs), high-grade cancers, and normal regions of the fallopian tubes, using three distinct image analysis approaches to form a classification scheme based on the respective collagen fiber morphology. Using a linear discriminant analysis, we achieved near 100% classification accuracy between high-grade disease and the other tissues, where the STICs and normal regions were differentiated with ~75% accuracy. Importantly, the collagen in high-grade disease in both the fallopian tube and the ovary itself have a similar collagen morphology, further substantiating the metastasis between these sites. This analysis provides a new method of classification, but also quantifies the structural changes in the disease, which may provide new insight into metastasis.


1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Atkinson ◽  
R. C. Haut ◽  
N. J. Altiero

Experimental evidence suggests that the tensile behavior of tendons and ligaments is in part a function of tissue hydration. The models currently available do not offer a means by which the hydration effects might be explicitly explored. To study these effects, a finite element model of a collagen sub-fascicle, a substructure of tendon and ligament, was formulated. The model was microstructurally based, and simulated oriented collagen fibrils with elastic-orthotropic continuum elements. Poroelastic elements were used to model the interfibrillar matrix. The collagen fiber morphology reflected in the model interacted with the interfibrillar matrix to produce behaviors similar to those seen in tendon and ligament during tensile, cyclic, and relaxation experiments conducted by others. Various states of hydration and permeability were parametrically investigated, demonstrating their influence on the tensile response of the model.


Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Alkmin ◽  
Rebecca Brodziski ◽  
Haleigh Simon ◽  
Daniel Hinton ◽  
Randall H. Goldsmith ◽  
...  

Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important part in the development and progression of many epithelial cancers. However, the biological significance of collagen alterations in ovarian cancer has not been well established. Here we investigated the role of collagen fiber morphology on cancer cell migration using tissue engineered scaffolds based on high-resolution Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) images of ovarian tumors. The collagen-based scaffolds are fabricated by multiphoton excited (MPE) polymerization, which is a freeform 3D method affording submicron resolution feature sizes (~0.5 µm). This capability allows the replication of the collagen fiber architecture, where we constructed models representing normal stroma, high-risk tissue, benign tumors, and high-grade tumors. These were seeded with normal and ovarian cancer cell lines to investigate the separate roles of the cell type and matrix morphology on migration dynamics. The primary finding is that key cell–matrix interactions such as motility, cell spreading, f-actin alignment, focal adhesion, and cadherin expression are mainly determined by the collagen fiber morphology to a larger extent than the initial cell type. Moreover, we found these aspects were all enhanced for cells on the highly aligned, high-grade tumor model. Conversely, the weakest corresponding responses were observed on the more random mesh-like normal stromal matrix, with the partially aligned benign tumor and high-risk models demonstrating intermediate behavior. These results are all consistent with a contact guidance mechanism. These models cannot be synthesized by other conventional fabrication methods, and we suggest this approach will enable a variety of studies in cancer biology.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Wang ◽  
Guang-wei Cui ◽  
Le Kuai ◽  
Jian-min Xu ◽  
Ting-ting Zhang ◽  
...  

The role of the acupoint area collagen fibers in the efficacy of acupuncture lifting and thrusting (L&T) manipulation will be explored in this paper. 30 male NZW rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham operation group (Group N), model group (Group M), acupuncture without manipulation group (Group W), acupuncture L&T manipulation group (Group A), collagenase pretreatment group (Group JM), and collagenase pretreatment + acupuncture L&T manipulation group (Group JA). The bacterial endotoxin was used to generate the rabbit fever models. Acupuncture was applied at IL-11. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-4 and the rectal temperature were measured at 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after modeling and the collagen fiber morphology at acupoint area was observed after 6 hours.Results.As compared with Group N, the levels of IL-1βand TNF-αin Group M were significantly higher; the level of IL-4 was significantly lower (P<0.05). As compared with Group M, IL-1βand TNF-αin Groups W and A were significantly lower and IL-4 was significantly higher (P<0.05). As compared with Group W, IL-1βand TNF-αin Group A were lower and IL-4 was higher (P<0.05). The collagen fiber in Group A was slightly rough, distorted, and fractured. As shown in studies, the endotoxin-induced inflammatory response can be significantly inhibited by acupuncture whose efficacy can also be significantly improved by the manipulations. Collagenase pretreatment may be the first receptor to the mechanical force of the L&T manipulation.


Author(s):  
Dezba G. Coughlin ◽  
Gregory M. Fomovsky ◽  
Jeffrey W. Holmes

It has largely been accepted that collagen fibers play an important role in the mechanics of myocardial scar tissue; however, few studies have performed both mechanical and structural analysis on the same samples to confirm this. Therefore, the goal of this study was to combine both types of analysis with a structure-based constitutive model, which incorporates measured collagen fiber orientations, to gain a better understanding of the structural basis for the mechanics of two-week-old scar tissue.


Author(s):  
Mitsuo Ohtsuki ◽  
Michael Sogard

Structural investigations of biological macromolecules commonly employ CTEM with negative staining techniques. Difficulties in valid image interpretation arise, however, due to problems such as variability in thickness and degree of penetration of the staining agent, noise from the supporting film, and artifacts from defocus phase contrast effects. In order to determine the effects of these variables on biological structure, as seen by the electron microscope, negative stained macromolecules of high density lipoprotein-3 (HDL3) from human serum were analyzed with both CTEM and STEM, and results were then compared with CTEM micrographs of freeze-etched HDL3. In addition, we altered the structure of this molecule by digesting away its phospholipid component with phospholipase A2 and look for consistent changes in structure.


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