Ensiling fermentation products and aerobic stability of corn and sorghum silages

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zwi G. Weinberg ◽  
Prabhat Khanal ◽  
Cihat Yildiz ◽  
Yaira Chen ◽  
Amichay Arieli
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Aerobic Stability

scholarly journals Ensiling corn silage with different levels of a multi-species lactic acid bacteria inoculant

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
H. Mohammadzadeh ◽  
M. Khorvash ◽  
G. R. Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Aerobic Stability

A multi-species lactic acid bacterial inoculant (Lactisil maize, LM) was applied to whole-crop corn at different maturities in laboratory silos, to evaluate its effects on biochemical characteristics and aerobic stability. The corn crop was harvested at hard dough (HD, 253.1 g/DM kg), one-third milkline (ML, 293.7 g/DM kg) and one-third milkline with a killing frost (MLF, 297.6 g/DM kg). Crops were chopped to a 2.5-cm theoretical cut length, subsampled and treated with two levels of inoculant (LB1 = 1.5 × 105 cfu/g forage, LB2 = 3 × 105 cfu/g forage) or untreated (WO). The chemical composition of MLF crops was very similar to that of ML crops. However, lower (P < 0.01) numbers of lactic acid bacteria and higher numbers of yeast were enumerated in MLF than in ML crops. Higher percentages of DM and neutral detergent fibre and higher pH, but lower (P < 0.01) concentrations of water soluble carbohydrate and crude protein were measured in ML and MLF crops than in HD crops. Application of the inoculant increased (P < 0.01) concentrations of volatile fatty acids, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in silages. Lactic acid concentration increased (P < 0.01) in HD treatments with an increasing level of inoculant. In contrast, the highest (P < 0.01) lactic acid concentration was measured in LB1 treatment compared with WO and LB2 in ML and MLF silages. Silages prepared from ML and MLF crops had higher (P < 0.01) lactic and acetic acid concentrations but lower (P < 0.01) butyric acid concentrations than did those prepared from HD. The pH in LB1 and LB2 silages was higher (P < 0.01) than that measured in WO silages. Aerobic stability was not influenced by inoculant treatment but low-DM silages were more (P < 0.01) resistant to spoilage. Frost-killed corn crops had a good potential to produce well fermented silage. Using LM resulted in silages with slightly higher fermentation products but it failed to improve aerobic stability of silage after 120 days of ensiling. These results indicated that inoculation of corn crops with LM for a short-duration ensilage period cannot enhance aerobic stability of silages due to insufficient acetic acid production from lactic acid conversion.

scholarly journals Effects of Chopping Length and Additive on the Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability in Silage of Leymus chinensis

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1283
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Sun ◽  
Tingting Jia ◽  
Run Gao ◽  
Shengyang Xu ◽  
Zhe Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Stability Time

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of the chopping length and additive on the fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability in silage of Leymus chinensis. L. chinensis was chopped to 1–2 cm and 4–5 cm, and immediately ensiled with the three treatments, i.e., 2% sucrose (fresh weight basis; SU), 1 × 105 cfu/g Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) or 1 × 105 cfu/g LP plus 2% sucrose (SU+LP). Silage treated with distilled water served as the control. After silage processing for 30 and 90 d, the fermentation quality of L. chinensis silage was evaluated. The composition of the fermentation products and the pH value in the silage were determined at 1, 3, 5 and 7 d after opening the silo. The results showed that in L. chinensis silage there was a lower pH value, higher lactic acid content and better aerobic stability at the 1–2 cm length than those at the 4–5 cm (p < 0.001). When the chopping length was 4–5 cm, the addition of either LP or SU+LP increased the content of lactic acid and acetic acid, and decreased the pH value and butyric acid content, compared to those of the control and SU treatment (p < 0.001). Furthermore, combination treatment of SU+LP performed better than LP alone, and the aerobic stability time of L. chinensis silage at 4–5 cm without any additives was the worst. In conclusion, enhanced fermentation quality and aerobic stability can be obtained by processing L. chinensis silage with the shorter length. When the L. chinensis is cut longer, e.g., 4–5 cm in this study, LP or SU+LP could be used as an effective method to improve the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of L. chinensis silage.

scholarly journals Efecto de la aplicación de inóculos microbianos sobre las características fermentativas, estabilidad aeróbica y consumo voluntario de ensilaje de gramíneas tropicales naturalizadas

1969 ◽  
Vol 97 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-56
Author(s):  
Carlos Rosario ◽  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
Paul F. Randel
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Commercial Inoculant ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Positive Effect

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of two different microbial inoculants of homo-fermentative and hetero-fermentative lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB), on the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability (AS), and intake by sheep, of native tropical grasses (NTG). Prior to ensiling, NTG were treated or not with the inoculants, applied at 106 cfu/g of fresh material for Commercial Inoculant 1, and 1010 cfu/g of fresh material for Commercial Inoculant 2. Treatments were applied to weighted portions of NTG, manually mixed, and packed Into PVC laboratory silos. To evaluate fermentation characteristics, silage samples from each treatment were analyzed at seven ensiling periods(0,4,7,14,21,28, and 35days) to determine pH and fermentation products (organic acids and Nhi-N). For AS determination, triplicate silos from each treatment were emptied after 35 d of ensiling, and the silage placed in styrofoam containers lined with plastic bags, and exposed to air during five days. Temperature was monitored every six hours during the five days and pH was determined after 0, 1, 3, and 5 d of aerobic exposure. To determine voluntary intake, NTG were fermented with or without the inoculant of LAB during 35 d In 208 L (55 gallon) capacity plastic bags. For each in vivo trial, six meat-type crossbred sheep were used; three fed each of two experimental diets during five days. The diets had In common 50% tropical grass hay and 50% NTG fermented with or without the LAB and were offered dally on a 3% dry matter basis (DMB) of body weight. The addition of neither of the two inoculants of LAB achieved great improvement ¡n the fermentation characteristics of NTG, which proved acceptable in control silages. In both experiments, silages with and without inoculants were stable during five days under aerobic conditions. There was a positive effect of inoculation with Commercial Inoculant 1 on voluntary intake in the first experiment, but not with Commercial Inoculant 2 in the second trial.

Evaluation of a lactobacillus inoculant as an additive for silage fed to heifers

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 136-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O' Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Additive Treatment

When grass with an adequate content of fermentable substrate and epiphytic lactic acid bacteria is ensiled properly, the fermentation which follows is normally considered satisfactory. This fermentation can be altered by various categories of additive such as acids, sugars and inoculants, each of which can influence the fermentation differently. The experiment reported compared the fermentation products, aerobic stability and animal performance for silages made using formic acid or a Lactobacillus plantarum inoculant with well preserved silage made without additive treatment.A 42 day regrowth of Lolium multiflorum (cv. Lemtal) was harvested without wilting using two precision - chop harvesters. Alternate loads of grass were ensiled with (a) no additive, (b) formic acid (850g/kg) at 3.0 1/t or (c)inoculant (Ecosyl - ICI plc) at 3 1/t (separate harvester). The inoculant was constituted immediately before use and was applied in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Harvesting was completed and the silos sealed within 26 hours of mowing. The silos were opened after 113 days.

scholarly journals Efficacy of different additives in ensiling faba bean and field pea based whole crop silages

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arja Seppälä ◽  
Marketta Rinne ◽  
Arto Huuskonen
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Stability

Mixed stands of faba bean + wheat (FBW; faba bean 0.84), and pea + wheat (PW; field pea 0.89 on dry matter [DM] basis) were harvested in Siikajoki, Finland. The crops were ensiled in triplicate in laboratory silos using four additive treatments: control without additive, two commercial lactic acid bacteria stains (LAB) and ACID (formic and propionic acids). Ensiling time was 105 days. The crops contained 173 and 181 g DM kg-1 and the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration was 156 and 176 g kg-1 DM in FBW and PW, respectively. ACID restricted silage fermentation in FBW (WSC 146; fermentation products 43 g kg-1 DM). The other silages had high concentration of fermentation products (180–204) and low WSC concentration (< 22 g kg-1 DM). The volatile fatty acid concentration was below 30 g kg-1 DM in all treatments. PW-ACID treatment resulted in higher ethanol concentration and better aerobic stability (>235 hours) compared to control or LAB silages. When ensiling wet legume whole crops effluent losses, extensive fermentation and poor aerobic stability may cause problems.

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