Evolving Dynamic Relationships Between the Money Supply and Food-Based Prices in Canada and the United States

AbstractWe describe the use of network modeling to capture the shifting spatiotemporal nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common approach to tracking COVID-19 cases over time and space is to examine a series of maps that provide snapshots of the pandemic. A series of snapshots can convey the spatial nature of cases but often rely on subjective interpretation to assess how the pandemic is shifting in severity through time and space. We present a novel application of network optimization to a standard series of snapshots to better reveal how the spatial centres of the pandemic shifted spatially over time in the mainland United States under a mix of interventions. We find a global spatial shifting pattern with stable pandemic centres and both local and long-range interactions. Metrics derived from the daily nature of spatial shifts are introduced to help evaluate the pandemic situation at regional scales. We also highlight the value of reviewing pandemics through local spatial shifts to uncover dynamic relationships among and within regions, such as spillover and concentration among states. This new way of examining the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of network-based spatial shifts offers new story lines in understanding how the pandemic spread in geography.

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Cuba: From “Dollarization” to “Euroization” or “Peso Reconsolidation”?

Latin American Politics and Society ◽

10.1111/j.1548-2456.2002.tb00207.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 99-123

Author(s):

Archibald R. M. Ritter ◽

Nicholas Rowe

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Exchange Rate ◽

Money Supply ◽

Economic Structure ◽

The United States ◽

Significant Component ◽

Cuban Government ◽

The U.S

AbstractSince its “depenalization” in 1993, the U.S. dollar has become possibly a more significant component of Cuba's money supply than the old peso. What are the alternatives? The euro seems inappropriate, given the inevitability of eventual normalization of relations with the United States. More advantageous would be to restore the Cuban peso, though this would involve unifying the bifurcated economic structure and the dual monetary and exchange rate systems. The Cuban government has yet to announce its plans. This study argues that an appropriate mix of exchange rate, monetary, fiscal, and income or wage and salary policies should support a rehabilitation of the Cuban peso.

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The dynamic relationships between economic status and health measures among working-age adults in the United States

Health Economics ◽

10.1002/hec.3664 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 1160-1174 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Abdulkarim M. Meraya ◽

Nilanjana Dwibedi ◽

Xi Tan ◽

Kim Innes ◽

Sophie Mitra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Economic Status ◽

The United States ◽

Health Measures ◽

Working Age ◽

Dynamic Relationships

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The Methodological Roots of J. Laurence Laughlin's Anti-quantity Theory of Money and Prices

Journal of the History of Economic Thought ◽

10.1017/s1053837200002261 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Neil T. Skaggs

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Money Supply ◽

Federal Reserve ◽

The United States ◽

Federal Reserve System ◽

Quantity Theory ◽

Theoretical Support ◽

The Creation ◽

Reserve System

From the 1880s until after the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913 the United States was a hotbed of monetary controversy. The secular price deflation that began in 1865 prompted a host of efforts to increase the money supply, in the belief that more money would check the decline of prices. The agitation for free coinage of silver that arose in the 1870s and carried into the 1880s and 1890s generated a maelstrom of arguments and counterarguments. Such theoretical support as the “cheap money advocates” provided was in the form of a crude application of the quantity theory of money. Not surprisingly, using the quantity theory in such a manner brought the theory itself under fire.

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The Dynamic Relationships of the Cocaine System in the United States

Substance Use & Misuse ◽

10.3109/10826089709035585 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (12-13) ◽

pp. 1805-1810

Author(s):

Raymond C. Shreckengost

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Dynamic Relationships

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The Money Neutrality Proposition: Is Boosting Money Supply A Solution To US Economic Problems?

Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) ◽

10.19030/jabr.v29i2.7644 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 361

Author(s):

Jean Emmanuel Fonkoua

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Monetary Policy ◽

Money Supply ◽

Foreign Exchange ◽

Open Economy ◽

Well Being ◽

The United States ◽

Reduced Form ◽

Industrialized Countries ◽

Final Prediction Error

This paper unfastens the new classical structural model and broadens the reduced form output equation to investigate the money neutrality proposition in the United States. The hypothesis that any predictable monetary policy has no influence on output is extended by the inclusion of foreign exchange rationing to the supply side of the economy as cointegrated with money supply. The final prediction error determines the proper lag length that is used by the dynamic analysis to examine the causality relationship between imports, foreign price, foreign income, and output. The vector autoregressive is used to determine the exogeneity property of foreign exchange and output; it also helps extract the anticipated and unanticipated components of foreign exchange and money series. Empirical evidence provides considerable support for short run cyclical movements in the output of highly industrialized countries in affecting the real output in the United States. Indeed, any policy response in raising output should take into account the well-being of other developed countries. Predicted or not, an increase in the level of growth of other advanced countries does not leads to offsetting expectation and results in raising the economic growth. Empirical test presents no evidence that boosting the money supply leads to an increase in the level of growth. The result also refutes the view that the United States can quickly recover through a monetary policy aimed at depreciating the dollar and stands against the idea that devaluation tends to expand domestic output in industrialized countries. Incompatible with the economic logic is the lack of support of the apparent reality of output determination in industrialized countries open economy models.

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