scholarly journals An Economic Justification for Open Access to Essential Medicine Patents in Developing Countries

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Flynn ◽  
Aidan Hollis ◽  
Mike Palmedo
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Compulsory License ◽  
Liability Rule ◽  
Liability Rules ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The U.S

Not all intellectual property rights grant the right to exclude that is indicative of “property rules,” as that term was used by Guido Calabresi and A. Douglas Melamed in their seminal article. Some intellectual property rights are “liability rules,” in which the right holder has an entitlement to compensation for use of the protected invention, not a right to preclude the use. Although patent laws normally grant a right to exclude others from use of the protected invention as a default, most countries’ laws allow the government to convert the patent property rule into a liability rule through a compulsory license. It has been noted, for example, that by the end of the 1950s, the U.S. had issued compulsory licenses covering 40 to 50 thousand patents, including substantial portions of the patent portfolios of AT&T, General Electric, IBM, and Xerox. The U.S. Supreme Court recently expressed a willingness to accept liability rules over injunctions in some patent infringement cases.

scholarly journals LEGAL PROTECTION OF PATENT RIGHTS IN INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
ega yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Patent Rights ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Privately Owned

AbstractIntellectual Property Rights are rights derived from the work, initiative and creativity in the form of a real man. Intellectual Property rights consist of privately owned property and Industry. Patents are part of Intellectual Property Rights in Industry. Patents are granted the right of the government and is exclusive. Exclusive rights of patent holders is the production of a patented item, usage and sales of goods and deeds relating to the import and sale of such goods store. Legal protection of intellectual property rights in the patent field ketetentuan regulated in Law Number 14 of 2001. In chapter 8, paragraph (1) time protection for 20 years from the date of receipt and can not be extended. And Article 9 set period of patent protection for simple for 10 (ten) years and can not be extended. Protection of intellectual property rights is no guarantee to the public to respect the right of initiative and the reaction and to provide protection will upload their work. The higher appreciation of the intellectual property rights of a nation then the future will be better.

scholarly journals LEGAL PROTECTION OF WEALTH RIGHTS INTELLECTUAL IN PATENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Fadel Zulkarnain
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Article 9 ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Privately Owned

AbstractIntellectual Property Rights are rights derived from the work, initiative and creativity in the form of a real man. Intellectual Property rights consist of privately owned property and Industry. Patents are part of Intellectual Property Rights in Industry. Patents are granted the right of the government and is exclusive. Exclusive rights of patent holders is the production of a patented item, usage and sales of goods and deeds relating to the import and sale of such goods store. Legal protection of intellectual property rights in the patent field ketetentuan regulated in Law Number 14 of 2001. In chapter 8, paragraph (1) time protection for 20 years from the date of receipt and can not be extended. And Article 9 set period of patent protection for simple for 10 (ten) years and can not be extended. Protection of intellectual property rights is no guarantee to the public to respect the right of initiative and the reaction and to provide protection will upload their work. The higher appreciation of the intellectual property rights of a nation then the future will be better. Keywords: Intellectual Property Rights, Patent Protection

scholarly journals LEGAL PROTECTION OF PATENT RIGHTS IN INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
ega yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Patent Rights ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Privately Owned

AbstractIntellectual Property Rights are rights derived from the work, initiative and creativity in the form of a real man. Intellectual Property rights consist of privately owned property and Industry. Patents are part of Intellectual Property Rights in Industry. Patents are granted the right of the government and is exclusive. Exclusive rights of patent holders is the production of a patented item, usage and sales of goods and deeds relating to the import and sale of such goods store. Legal protection of intellectual property rights in the patent field ketetentuan regulated in Law Number 14 of 2001. In chapter 8, paragraph (1) time protection for 20 years from the date of receipt and can not be extended. And Article 9 set period of patent protection for simple for 10 (ten) years and can not be extended. Protection of intellectual property rights is no guarantee to the public to respect the right of initiative and the reaction and to provide protection will upload their work. The higher appreciation of the intellectual property rights of a nation then the future will be better.

PERLINDUNGAN HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL TERHADAP INDUSTRI KREATIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN INDUSTRI PARIWISATA BERBASIS BUDAYA LOKAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Ganefi Ganefi
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Creative Industry ◽  
Registration Process ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe creative industry as one of the pillars of the future economy has a very strategic role in overcoming the problems faced by the community along with the government, especially in the field of employment, business fields, and as a source of state revenue (GDP). Therefore, creative industry entrepreneurs must be protected by their intellectual rights so that all copyrighted works are legally protected by their existence and not arbitrarily anyone can steal, trade, multiply without the permission of the owner. However apparently only 17% of the 16.7 million creative industry players registered the results of their creativity. This shows that the protection of Intellectual Property Rights towards the creative industry is still very weak due to several factors, namely; Lack of public awareness / creative industry players to register their creativity businesses; Lack / lack of understanding of the community / industry players regarding the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR); The presumption of some people / creative industry players for the management of registration of Intellectual Property Rights requires quite a large fee; The registration process takes a long time and is complicated. AbstrakIndustri kreatif sebagai salah satu pilar ekonomi masa depan memiliki peran yang sangat strategis dalam mengatasi masalah-masalah yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat bersama pemerintah, terutama di bidang ketenagakerjaan, bidang usaha, dan sebagai sumber penerimaan negara (PDB) . Oleh karena itu, pengusaha industri kreatif harus dilindungi oleh hak intelektual mereka sehingga semua karya cipta dilindungi secara hukum oleh keberadaan mereka dan tidak sewenang-wenang siapa pun dapat mencuri, berdagang, berkembang biak tanpa izin dari pemiliknya. Namun ternyata hanya 17% dari 16,7 juta pelaku industri kreatif yang mendaftarkan hasil kreativitas mereka. Ini menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual terhadap industri kreatif masih sangat lemah karena beberapa faktor, yaitu; Kurangnya kesadaran publik / pelaku industri kreatif untuk mendaftarkan bisnis kreativitas mereka; Kurangnya / kurangnya pemahaman tentang komunitas / pemain industri mengenai perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI); Anggapan sebagian orang / pelaku industri kreatif untuk pengelolaan pendaftaran Hak Kekayaan Intelektual membutuhkan biaya yang cukup besar; Proses pendaftaran memakan waktu lama dan rumit.

scholarly journals PATENTS IN THE PRODUCTION PROCESS THAT ARE LAYING ON INVENTOR

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
putri indah sari
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Intellectual Work ◽  
The Government

The problems in this research are: (1) Is the patent in production can be provided to the workers / employees as a inventor? (2) How will the moral rights attached to the inventor to patent the intellectual work produced during the production process? This research uses normative juridical approach. Source of data derived from secondary data that primary legal materials, secondary, and tertiary. The results showed that patents in the production process is not given to the discoverer of workers / employees. The government needs to dissemination of the patents and other intellectual property rights so that a producer of intellectual work so that they know that the law protects what they produce. Governments also need to revise the provisions of Article 12 paragraph (1) Patent Law, where the rights of patent holders fixed on the inventor.

scholarly journals KEEPING THE NATION'S ASSETS THROUGH THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF COPYRIGHT WORKS OF CULTURE

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Makkawaru
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Literature And Science ◽  
Community Rights ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
The Right

Indonesia positioned copyright art and culture based on its strength as a nation or community rights over an Alliance grouping of the society which can give the effect of distortions in its protection. Which institution can be megurus and oversee the interests between countriesCultivate ideas/ideas in the fields of art, literature and science in the context of intellectual property rights (HKI) categorized into areas of HKI named Copyright (Copyright). The scope of the rights provided for the protection of copyright in the context of this very broad following elements known in several countries. There is a different understanding about the copyright status of culture from both the substance of the right nor of the appreciation of the case which threatens foreign claims copyright over the culture of Indonesia

scholarly journals THE RIGHT OF AUTHORSHIP ON A WORK

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Ciprian Raul Romiţan
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Natural Connection ◽  
Artistic Work ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

The moral rights represent the legal expression of the relationship between the workand its creator; they precede, survive and exert a permanent influence on the economic rights.Moral rights are independent of economic rights, the author of a work preserving these rightseven after the transfer of its property rights.The right to claim recognition as the author of the work, called in the doctrine as the"right of paternity of the work" is enshrined in art. 10 lit. b) of the law and it is based on theneed to respect the natural connection between the author and his work. The right toauthorship is the most important prerogative that constitutes intellectual property rights ingeneral and consists of recognizing the true author of a scientific, literary or artistic work.

scholarly journals Peran Lembaga Manajemen Kolektif Sebagai Bentuk Perlindungan Hukum Pencipta Lagu Dan Pemilik Hak Terkait

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Elly Hernawati
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Copyright Holder ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Management Agency ◽  
Collective Management ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

Copyright is one of the Intellectual Property Rights components and should be paid attention to. Even more in technology era that developing, copyright protection needed to be enhanced, so that the right of creator, Copyright holder or owner of relevant rights can be protected and urge people to create. Indirectly, good and healthy business climate could be fostered.  Not all people have skill to create, that is why those people who have skill to create must be protected and even awarded, hoping that people urged to create. One of the creations that protected are song and music. In creating song or music, creator involve recording producer, music director or arranger. Regarding the creation, creator holds moral and economy rights, while parties involved hold the relevant rights to it. Collective Management Agency is an agency that help creator or relevant rights owner in managing and distributing the creation which is song or music that being commercialized. Yet the creator must be the member of the agency beforehand. Commercialization of a song or music by user can rise problem. Protection to the song or music is for the whole thing, including lyric, notation, arrangement and song title. The utilization of a song or music should be still protecting the parties that hold the copyright and the relevant right to it.

scholarly journals The right to protection against unfair use of the means of individualization: content and features

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
Pekar A.
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Unfair Competition ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Objective Meaning ◽  
The Right

The article deals with the nature and features of the right to protection against unfair use of the means of individualization. It is argued that it is inappropriate to distinguish the right to protection against unfair use of the means of individualization in the structure of intellectual property rights from the right to protection of economic competition. Based on a system analysis of the legislation, scientific literature review, and the practice of its application, the right to protection is classified in an objective and subjective meaning. In its objective meaning, the right to protection against unfair use of the means of individualization is a component of the right to intellectual property, to protection against unfair competition. The subjective right to protection against the unfair use of the means of individualization is an independent right. The following features of the right to protection against unfair use of the means of individualization are identified on the basis of the analysis. The objective right to protection against unfair use of the means of individualization is characterized by a set of civil law rules governing relations in the field of intellectual property rights and economic competition and determining the grounds, forms, procedure and methods of protection of such rights. This right combines two components: the protection of intellectual property rights and economic competition relations. The subjects of this right are economic entities. At the same time, the exercise of the right to protection in connection with the violation of the law on protection against unfair competition ensures the protection of consumers’ rights, as it guarantees them good quality goods on the market. The object of this right is relations in the field of intellectual property rights and economic competition. The subjective right to protection against unfair use of the means of individuation is the use of a provided by law capacity to renew, recognize or award the right to use the means of individualization by an economic entity. Such subjective right is characterized by the following features: it always implies the implementation of active actions, the possibility of choosing the forms and methods of protection. Keywords: means of individualization, unfair use, right to protection, objective right, subjective right, intellectual property rights, unfair competition.

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