scholarly journals Evaluating the role of total organic carbon in predicting the treatment efficacy of biosand filters for the removal ofVibrio choleraein drinking water during startup

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 917-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Danley-Thomson ◽  
E.C. Huang ◽  
T. Worley-Morse ◽  
C.K. Gunsch
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Biosand Filters

The role of algae in causing coliform problems within the distribution system

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
R. Lake ◽  
S. Driver
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Strong Link ◽  
Chlorine Residual ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
High Level

Coliforms are used as indicators of faecal pollution in water. Therefore, the presence of coliforms in drinking water causes concern as it indicates the potential presence of other bacteria. Coliforms have been seen in water within the Vivendi Water UK area during the summer months and their presence has previously been explained by localised pipe renovation. In this study, the influence that the algal bloom has on the presence of coliforms has been assessed. It has been shown that there is a strong link between the end of the algal bloom and coliforms being found in the distribution system. The algal bloom does not allow coliforms to pass through the treatment works. However, the high level of total organic carbon (TOC) in the treated water, made up of algal breakdown products, provides a good nutritional source for regrowth in the distribution system. Where there are high TOC levels, coliforms can grow even with high chlorine concentrations. However, where there is little TOC, then even a very low chlorine residual is adequate to prevent coliform growth.

scholarly journals Concentration of Total Organic Carbon and Its Fractions in Surface Water in Poland and Germany

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Patrycja Sobczak ◽  
Agata Rosińska
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Rhine River ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon

Total organic carbon (TOC) present in surface water consists of different fractions like dissolved organic carbon (DOC) or biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC). BDOC may have an impact on the bacteriological quality of water as it can be a source of carbon and energy for microorganisms. It is important to consider this parameter in case of the distribution of drinking water. The aim of this research was to compare the qualities of chosen surface water in Poland and Germany in terms of concentration of total organic carbon and its fractions. The samples were taken from the reservoir in Poland and Rhine River in Germany. The first one is a source of drinking water for humans. The research showed that, considering the analyzed compounds, the water from the river has better quality.

ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES IN THE COASTAL SEDIMENT OF CITARUM ESTUARY, JAKARTA BAY: THE IMP ORTANT ROLE OF FINE FRACTION OF THE SEDIMENT AS THEIR AGENT TRANSPORT AND PROCESSES OF THEIR EARLY DIAGENESIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pratono ◽  
H. Razak ◽  
I. Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Early Diagenesis ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Coastal Sediment ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Transport Agent

DDT (1,1,1-Tricholor-2,2-bis(chlorophenil)ethane) and its two derivatives, DDD (1,1-Dicholor-2,2-bis(chlorophenil)ethane) and DDE (1,1-Tricholor-2,2-bis(chlorophenil)-ethylene) were identified in the coastal sediment of Citarum Estuary, Jakarta Bay.Eight stations of the sediment sampling were designed in order to obtain the changing of their concentration sadjacent to the estuary as possible input. Sediment samples were collected in the surface layer within a less than 5 cm depth. In addition to pesticides, texture of sediment and total organic carbon were analyzed. Generally, fine fractions (silt and clay) were predominant grain-size of the sediment ranging 21–35,8 % and 17,6–65,6 %, respectively, while total organic carbon (TOC) ranged from 0,30–1,49 %. Concentrations of p’,p’-DDT varied from 0,621–1,187ppb, concentrations of p’,p’-DDD ranged from 0,176–2,153 ppb and concentrations of p’,p’-DDE were from 0.181–2,254 ppb. The occurrence of total DDT (ΣDDT+DDD+DDE) tended to correlated positively to the fine fraction indicating as transport agent. DDD and DDE as DDT metabolites were formed by biological and chemical processes within predominantly aerobic condition. Keywords: pesticide, DDT, DDD, DDE, sediment, transport agent, Citarum, Jakarta Bay  

Functional role of mixed-culture microbe in photocatalysis coupled with biodegradation: Total organic carbon removal of ciprofloxacin

2021 ◽  
Vol 784 ◽  
pp. 147049
Author(s):  
Yidi Li ◽  
Lixiang Chen ◽  
Xiaochun Tian ◽  
Lifeng Lin ◽  
Rui Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Carbon Removal ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Removal

Approaches to Regulating Organic Carbon and the Necessity of Its Obligatory Monitoring in Drinking Water

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
IA Khlystov ◽  
DA Schukina ◽  
EA Kuzmina ◽  
EG Plotko ◽  
LА Brusnicyna
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
By Products

Background: Current accumulation of organogenic elements in surface waters is mainly attributed to intensive anthropogenic activities. Waterborne organic matter may endanger human health when using surface waters for drinking and recreational purposes. Applied techniques of water treatment fail to ensure complete water purification and part of organic substances (their low molecular weight fraction) still remains. Chlorination of drinking water can generate a variety of halogenated by-products having adverse health effects in humans including carcinogenic ones. Our objective was to substantiate the reference value for total organic carbon (TOC) in water disinfected by chlorine. Materials and methods: We analyzed the results of laboratory testing of surface and treated water samples taken in Yekaterinburg in 2013–2014 and 2017, carried out health risk assessment, and built predicative models of by-products formation. Results: We established that, following chlorination, TOC concentrations became 1.5 times lower while chloroform and total trihalomethane concentrations became 24.5–80.2 and 22.9–54.5 times higher than initial values, respectively. The most significant non-carcinogenic risks were estimated for children aged 0-6 years from exposures to chloroform (HQ = 1.150). Individual carcinogenic risks from exposures to bromoform and dibromochloromethane as measured in water before its supplying to the distribution system, referred to the first value range (less than 1×10–6) while risks from bromodichloromethane and chloroform exposures fell in the second range (from 1×10–6 to 1×10–4). The mathematical model of the correlation between predictors (temperature, reaction time, pH, and certain chemical compounds) and levels of by-products was built. Conclusions: Our model makes it possible to predict generation of organochlorine compounds at the design stage of water treatment technique. Total organic carbon is an important indicator that should be monitored at the stages of water treatment to ensure safety of drinking water and efficiency of its disinfection.

scholarly journals Online total organic carbon (TOC) monitoring for water and wastewater treatment plants processes and operations optimization

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Assmann ◽  
Amanda Scott ◽  
Dondra Biller
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Abstract. Organic measurements, such as biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were developed decades ago in order to measure organics in water. Today, these time-consuming measurements are still used as parameters to check the water treatment quality; however, the time required to generate a result, ranging from hours to days, does not allow COD or BOD to be useful process control parameters – see (1) Standard Method 5210 B; 5-day BOD Test, 1997, and (2) ASTM D1252; COD Test, 2012. Online organic carbon monitoring allows for effective process control because results are generated every few minutes. Though it does not replace BOD or COD measurements still required for compliance reporting, it allows for smart, data-driven and rapid decision-making to improve process control and optimization or meet compliances. Thanks to the smart interpretation of generated data and the capability to now take real-time actions, municipal drinking water and wastewater treatment facility operators can positively impact their OPEX (operational expenditure) efficiencies and their capabilities to meet regulatory requirements. This paper describes how three municipal wastewater and drinking water plants gained process insights, and determined optimization opportunities thanks to the implementation of online total organic carbon (TOC) monitoring.

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