Trans-generational maternal effect: temperature influences egg size of the offspring in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 1482-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jonsson ◽  
N. Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Performance of farmed, hybrid, and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) families in a natural river environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1994-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Skaala ◽  
Kevin A. Glover ◽  
Bjørn T. Barlaup ◽  
Terje Svåsand ◽  
Francois Besnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Wild Salmon ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Sib Families

Survival, growth, and diet were compared for farmed, hybrid, and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) families from the eyed egg to the smolt stage in River Guddalselva, Hardangerfjord, Norway. All individuals that survived until the smolt stage were captured in a Wolf trap and identified to one of the 69 experimental families using microsatellite markers. Survival of farmed salmon progeny was significantly lower than that of hybrids and wild progeny. However, survival varied considerably, from 0.17% to 6.4%, among farmed families. Egg size had an important influence on survival. Half-sib hybrid families with a farmed mother had higher survival when fathered by wild salmon than by farmed salmon. The overall relative survival of farmed families compared with that of their hybrid half-sib families fell from 0.86 in the second cohort to 0.62 in the last cohort with increasing fish density. Smolts of farmed parents showed significantly higher growth rates than wild and hybrid smolts. The overlap in diet among types of crosses demonstrates competition, and farm and hybrid progeny therefore will reduce the river’s capacity for production of wild salmon.

scholarly journals Offspring size effects vary over fine spatio-temporal scales in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grethe Robertsen ◽  
Helge Skoglund ◽  
Sigurd Einum
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Natural Stream ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Relationship

Classic offspring-size theory predicts that a single level of investment per offspring maximizes parental reproductive success in a given environment. Yet, substantial variation in offspring size is often observed among females within populations. Variation at this scale may occur because spatio-temporal variation in stabilizing selection prevents erosion of genetic variation. We tested whether patterns of size-specific offspring survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) varies across location and season within a short stretch of a natural stream by manipulating the emergence timing of juveniles from 12 families with different mean egg sizes and assessing their performance at two locations. The relationship between egg size and juvenile survival varied temporally and spatially; large eggs were advantageous for early emergers in one location, whereas egg size had no effect in the other. Furthermore, the performance of later emerging juveniles did not depend on egg size in either location, possibly because the early emergers had grown or established territories. Thus, selection on offspring size can be complex and vary across short periods of time and small geographic distances, thereby preventing the erosion of genetic variation expected under consistent stabilizing selection.

Precocious Sexual Maturation in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Postsmolts Reared in a Seawater Impoundment

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1269-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Sutterlin ◽  
P. Harmon ◽  
B. Young
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Sexually Mature

Female Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, usually become sexually mature following a minimum of one winter at sea. Between 4 and 16% maturation was observed for both sexes in two different stocks of salmon placed in sea water as 1+ yr smolts and subsequently reared one summer. Only the larger females and the smaller males matured. Egg size and fertility appeared normal. Smoltification at an early age or accelerated growth rates may be responsible for this phenomenon. Key words: Salinity tolerance, pen-rearing, brood stock, growth rates

Developmental rate, fecundity and egg size in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.

Aquaculture ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 289-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Thorpe ◽  
M.S. Miles ◽  
D.S. Keay
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

scholarly journals Spawning history influence on fecundity, egg size, and egg survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the Miramichi River, New Brunswick, Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1678-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny E. Reid ◽  
Gérald Chaput
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Wild Female ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Egg Diameter

Abstract Reid, J. E., and Chaput, G. 2012. Spawning history influence on fecundity, egg size, and egg survival of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the Miramichi River, New Brunswick, Canada. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1678–1685. There is an increasing abundance of repeat spawners in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population in the Miramichi River that, owing to their larger size, can be expected to contribute greater egg depositions and better offspring survival than primarily maiden spawning populations. Currently, there is little information on the reproductive contribution of repeat-spawning salmon. In this study, the fecundity, egg size, and egg survival for 235 maiden and repeat-spawning wild female Atlantic salmon were examined over a period of 3 years. Relative fecundity did not differ among the largest body size group of salmon, but consecutive repeat spawners had a higher fecundity than maiden 2SW salmon and alternate repeat spawners. Egg diameter also increased with body size, but consecutive repeat spawners had significantly smaller eggs, in absolute terms and relative to their body size, than maiden 2SW salmon and alternate repeat spawners. The egg survival rate of consecutive repeat spawners was significantly lower than that of 2SW maiden salmon and alternate repeat spawners. Consecutive repeat spawners are different in that egg diameter and egg survival did not follow the general positive association with female body size, probably because of the short time that they spend reconditioning in the ocean and consequently their available energy reserves.

Microstructure and texture of fresh and smoked Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fillets from fish reared and slaughtered under different conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjofn Sigurgisladottir ◽  
Margret S. Sigurdardottir ◽  
Helga Ingvarsdottir ◽  
Ole J. Torrissen ◽  
Hannes Hafsteinsson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Persistence of Orally Administered Salmonella enterica Serovars Agona and Montevideo in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1336-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. NESSE ◽  
T. LØVOLD ◽  
B. BERGSJØ ◽  
K. NORDBY ◽  
C. WALLACE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Gastric Intubation

The objective of our experiments was to study the persistence and dissemination of orally administered Salmonella in smoltified Atlantic salmon. In experiment 1, salmon kept at 15°C were fed for 1 week with feed contaminated with 96 most-probable-number units of Salmonella Agona per 100 g of feed and then starved for 2 weeks. Samples were taken from the gastrointestinal tract and examined for Salmonella 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 days after the feeding ended. In experiment 2, Salmonella Agona and Montevideo were separately mixed with feed and administered by gastric intubation. Each fish received 1.0 × 108, 1.0 × 106, or 1.0 × 104 CFU. The different groups were kept in parallel at 5 and 15°C and observed for 4 weeks. Every week, three fish in each group were sacrificed, and samples were taken from the skin, the pooled internal organs, the muscle, and the gastrointestinal tract and examined for the presence of Salmonella. The results from the two experiments showed that the persistence of Salmonella in the fish was highly dependent on the dose administered. Salmonella was not recovered from any of the fish that were fed for 1 week with the lowest concentration of Salmonella. In the fish given the highest dose of Salmonella, bacteria persisted for at least 4 weeks in the gastrointestinal tract as well as, to some extent, the internal organs. The present study shows that under practical conditions in Norway, the risk of Salmonella in fish feed being passed on to the consumer of the fish is negligible.

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