A New Method for Determining the Emulsion Stability Index by Backscattering Light Detection

Owing to a decrease in mineral oil resources, it is crucial to develop packaging materials based on renewable resources. Hence, a water vapor-barrier coating is developed as a natural wax-based dispersion. This dispersion should be stable over the storage time. In this study, the physical stability of a wax-based melt dispersion was analyzed (24 h and 21 days after production), and instability phenomena such as agglomeration, coalescence, and flotation were identified. Furthermore, the inter-correlations among the particle size, viscosity of the continuous phase, physical stability, surfactant chemistry, and hydrophilic–lipophilic balance value were characterized. Particle sizes were described by volume/surface mean d3,2, volume moment mean d4,3, and number mean d1,0 diameter, as well as the span of the volume and number distribution. Stability was characterized by the flotation rate, emulsion stability index, and Turbiscan stability index. Coalescence and agglomeration were not observed after the solidification of the wax particles. A significant correlation was observed for the emulsion stability index, with d3,2, and for flotation rate, with d1,0, d4,3, and viscosity as well, with d1,0, d3,2. Surfactants with hydrophilic–lipophilic balance values of 11–13.5 seem to be the most suitable for stabilizing candelilla wax-in-water suspensions. Particles were smaller, and wax suspensions were better stabilized using Tween 20 and Span 20, compared with Tween 80 and Span 80.

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The Functional Properties of Buffalo skin Gelatin Extracted Using Crude Acid Protease from Cow’s Abomasum

Journal of Applied Food Technology ◽

10.17728/jaft.6464 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sri Mulyani ◽

Yudi Pranoto ◽

Francis M.C. Sigit Setyabudi ◽

Anang Muhammad Legowo ◽

Umar - Santoso

Keyword(s):

Functional Properties ◽

Emulsion Stability ◽

Activity Index ◽

Stability Index ◽

Acid Protease ◽

Concentration Variation ◽

Hydrolysis Temperature ◽

Emulsion Stability Index ◽

Swamp Buffalo

The study was investigated the functional properties of buffalo skin gelatine. Gelatine was extracted from swamp buffalo skin using crude acid protease from cow’s abomasum (CAPC) in concentration variation 0; 2.5; 5; and 7.5 U/mg. The temperature to hydrolysis included at 28 °C, 37°C and 40°C. The emulsion activity index (EAI), Emulsion stability index (ESI), foaming expansion (FE) and foaming stability (FS) were investigated. The interaction between CAPC concentration and hydrolysis temperature has a significant effect (P <0.05) on the emulsion activity index (EAI), emulsion stability index (ESI), foaming expansion (FE) and foaming stability (FS). The highest EAI was obtained in CAPC concentration of 5 U /mg, hydrolysis temperature of 40°C, which was 12.04 m2/g. The higher concentration of CAPC decreased the ESI. The hydrolysis temperature of 40°C produces higher FE than 28°C and 40°C. The highest FE is obtained at CAPC 5U/mg, 37°C hydrolysis temperature, which is 102.93%. The FS values range from 44.91-55.00%. This value is higher than commercial gelatin (bovine skin gelatin) which is 34.90%. The conclusion of this study is that buffalo skin gelatin with the best functional properties was obtained using CAPC 5 U/mg, the hydrolysis temperature of 40°C.

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Functional Properties of Ultrasonically Treated Wheat Gluten

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.463-464.855 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 463-464 ◽

pp. 855-860

Author(s):

Lei Zhao ◽

Guo Qin Liu ◽

Bing Li ◽

Lin Li

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Emulsion Stability ◽

Foam Stability ◽

Wheat Gluten ◽

Stability Index ◽

Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽

Ultrasonic Power ◽

Emulsifying Capacity

Ultrasonic was employed to improve the functional properties of wheat gluten. The results showed their solubility, emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability index of ultrasonically treated wheat gluten gradually increased as the ultrasonic power and treatment time increase, when ultrasonic treated for 20min at 240W, the solubility, emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability reached the maximum, then the solubility slightly decreased when the ultrasonic power exceeded 240W. However, the forming capacity and foam stability of ultrasonically treated gluten samples gradually increased with ultrasonic power and treatment time increasing. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) observations revealed that the molecular weight of gluten decreased as the ultrasonic power increased, implying that the molecular of wheat gluten was broken by ultrasonic. Lower molecular weight of wheat gluten showed better functional properties.

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A new method for the determination of emulsion stability by dielectric constant measurement: a preliminary report

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.1111/j.2042-7158.1965.tb07753.x ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 17 (S1) ◽

pp. 92S-97S ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. C. KAYE ◽

H. SEAGER

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Preliminary Report ◽

Emulsion Stability ◽

New Method ◽

Constant Measurement ◽

Dielectric Constant Measurement

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Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data Fusion Classification Using Superpixel Segmentation-Based Local Pixel Neighborhood Preserving Embedding

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11050550 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 550 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yunsong Li ◽

Chiru Ge ◽

Weiwei Sun ◽

Jiangtao Peng ◽

Qian Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Data Fusion ◽

Experimental Results ◽

New Method ◽

Light Detection And Ranging ◽

Actual Data ◽

Lidar Data ◽

Light Detection ◽

Superpixel Segmentation ◽

Open Standard

A new method of superpixel segmentation-based local pixel neighborhood preserving embedding (SSLPNPE) is proposed for the fusion of hyperspectral and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data based on the extinction profiles (EPs), superpixel segmentation and local pixel neighborhood preserving embedding (LPNPE). A new workflow is proposed to calibrate the Goddard’s LiDAR, hyperspectral and thermal (G-LiHT) data, which allows our method to be applied to actual data. Specifically, EP features are extracted from both sources. Then, the derived features of each source are fused by the SSLPNPE. Using the labeled samples, the final label assignment is produced by a classifier. For the open standard experimental data and the actual data, experimental results prove that the proposed method is fast and effective in hyperspectral and LiDAR data fusion.

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Selective Sampling and Orientation of Non-Homogeneous Tissues

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100100238 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 98-99

Author(s):

C. C. Clawson ◽

L. W. Anderson ◽

R. A. Good

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Random Sampling ◽

New Method ◽

Microscope Examination ◽

Small Areas ◽

Selective Sampling ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Specific Orientation

Investigations which require electron microscope examination of a few specific areas of non-homogeneous tissues make random sampling of small blocks an inefficient and unrewarding procedure. Therefore, several investigators have devised methods which allow obtaining sample blocks for electron microscopy from region of tissue previously identified by light microscopy of present here techniques which make possible: 1) sampling tissue for electron microscopy from selected areas previously identified by light microscopy of relatively large pieces of tissue; 2) dehydration and embedding large numbers of individually identified blocks while keeping each one separate; 3) a new method of maintaining specific orientation of blocks during embedding; 4) special light microscopic staining or fluorescent procedures and electron microscopy on immediately adjacent small areas of tissue.

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