scholarly journals Comment on: Nonesterified fatty acids and risks of frailty, disability, and mobility limitation in older adults: The cardiovascular health study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ilkin Naharci ◽  
Ilker Tasci
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Mobility Limitation ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Serum Individual Nonesterified Fatty Acids and Risk of Heart Failure in Older Adults

Cardiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Mary L. Biggs ◽  
Nirupa R. Matthan ◽  
Joachim H. Ix ◽  
Annette L. Fitzpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

Background: Heart failure (HF) is highly prevalent among older adults and is associated with high costs. Although serum total nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) have been positively associated with HF risk, the contribution of each individual NEFA to HF risk has not been examined. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association of individual fasting NEFAs with HF risk in older adults. Methods: In this prospective cohort study of older adults, we measured 35 individual NEFAs in 2,140 participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study using gas chromatography. HF was ascertained using review of medical records by an endpoint committee. Results: The mean age was 77.7 ± 4.4 years, and 38.8% were male. During a median follow-up of 9.7 (maximum 19.0) years, 655 new cases of HF occurred. In a multivariable Cox regression model controlling for demographic and anthropometric variables, field center, education, serum albumin, glomerular filtration rate, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, hormone replacement therapy, unintentional weight loss, and all other measured NEFAs, we observed inverse associations (HR [95% CI] per standard deviation) of nonesterified pentadecanoic (15:0) (0.73 [0.57–0.94]), γ-linolenic acid (GLA) (0.87 [0.75–1.00]), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (0.73 [0.61–0.88]) acids with HF, and positive associations of nonesterified stearic (18:0) (1.30 [1.04–1.63]) and nervonic (24:1n-9) (1.17 [1.06–1.29]) acids with HF. Conclusion: Our data are consistent with a higher risk of HF with nonesterified stearic and nervonic acids and a lower risk with nonesterified 15:0, GLA, and DHA in older adults. If confirmed in other studies, specific NEFAs may provide new targets for HF prevention.

scholarly journals Nonesterified Fatty Acids and Hospitalizations Among Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D Ahiawodzi ◽  
Petra Buzkova ◽  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Joachim H Ix ◽  
Jorge R Kizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

Abstract Background We sought to determine associations between total serum concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and incident total and cause-specific hospitalizations in a community-living cohort of older adults. Methods We included 4715 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study who had fasting total serum NEFA measured at the 1992/1993 clinic visit and were followed for a median of 12 years. We identified all inpatient admissions requiring at least an overnight hospitalization and used primary diagnostic codes to categorize cause-specific hospitalizations. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to determine associations with time-to-first hospitalization and Poisson regression for the rate ratios (RRs) of hospitalizations and days hospitalized. Results We identified 21 339 hospitalizations during follow-up. In fully adjusted models, higher total NEFAs were significantly associated with higher risk of incident hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR] per SD [0.2 mEq/L] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.10, p < .001), number of hospitalizations (RR per SD = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.07, p = .01), and total number of days hospitalized (RR per SD = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01–1.10, p = .01). Among hospitalization subtypes, higher NEFA was associated with higher likelihood of mental, neurologic, respiratory, and musculoskeletal causes of hospitalization. Among specific causes of hospitalization, higher NEFA was associated with diabetes, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Conclusions Higher fasting total serum NEFAs are associated with a broad array of causes of hospitalization among older adults. While some of these were expected, our results illustrate a possible utility of NEFAs as biomarkers for risk of hospitalization, and total days hospitalized, in older adults. Further research is needed to determine whether interventions based on NEFAs might be feasible.

scholarly journals Non‐Esterified Fatty Acids and Risks of Frailty, Disability, and Mobility Limitation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2890-2897
Author(s):  
Peter Ahiawodzi ◽  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Joachim H. Ix ◽  
Jorge R. Kizer ◽  
Russell P. Tracy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Mobility Limitation ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Abstract P145: Circulating and Dietary Trans-Fatty Acids and Incident Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianyi Wang ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Wenjie Ma ◽  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Irena B King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

Background: While trans-fatty acids (TFA) influence CHD, their effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are not established, with mixed findings of experimental, short-term intervention, and observational studies. Effects may vary depending on specific TFA subtype or method of assessment (circulating biomarkers vs. diet). Objectives: To examine prospective associations of circulating and estimated dietary TFA with risk of incident DM in older adults. Methods: Plasma phospholipid trans-(t-)16:1n9, total t-18:1, and cis/trans-(c/t-), t/c- and t/t-18:2(n6,9) were measured in blood stored among 3,076 adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), aged 74±5y and free of prevalent DM in 1992. Dietary TFA was estimated among 4,246 adults free of prevalent DM when dietary questionnaires were initially administered in 1989 (n=3,917) or in 1996 (n=329). Incident DM up to 2009 was defined as new use of insulin or hypoglycemic drugs, fasting glucose≥126 mg/dL, nonfasting glucose≥200 mg/dL, or 2-hour post-challenge glucose≥200 mg/dL. The relative risk of incident DM associated with each TFA subtype was assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Levels of each circulating TFA subtype varied from 2.00±0.73 (% of fatty acids) for t-18:1 to 0.05±0.02 for t/t-18:2. TFA subtypes were moderately to highly intercorrelated (r=0.4 to 0.8), except for t/t-18:2 which weakly correlated with all other TFAs (r<0.1). During 30,927 person-years, 364 DM cases occurred among participants with plasma phospholipid TFA measures. Adjusting for demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical history, lower DM risk was associated with higher levels of t-16:1n9 (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1 HR=0.76, p trend=0.03), total t-18:1 (HR=0.71, p trend=0.02) and t/t-18:2 (HR=0.73, p trend=0.04). However, further mutual adjustment for the different TFA subtypes attenuated these inverse associations, and none of the 5 circulating TFA biomarkers were independently related to incident DM (p trend≥0.14 for all). During 50,508 person-years in the dietary analyses, 453 DM cases occurred. Adjusting for demographics, lifestyle, medical history, and other dietary habits, increased DM risk was observed among participants with higher consumption of total TFA (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1 HR=1.40, p trend=0.04) and t-18:2 (HR=1.49, p trend=0.006), and t-18:1 consumption (HR=1.32, p trend=0.08), although the latter was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Plasma phospholipid TFA subtypes were not associated, whereas dietary total TFA and t-18:2 were positively associated, with incident DM among older adults. These findings highlight the need to understand how dietary TFA may influence DM and why associations may differ for circulating versus dietary TFAs.

Abstract MP023: Novel Patterns of Circulating Fatty Acids and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: the Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Irena B King ◽  
Xiaoling Song ◽  
Alice H Lichtenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Stenosis ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Trans Fa

Background: Circulating fatty acids (FA) reflect complex interrelations of diet and metabolism. Few studies have evaluated circulating FA as patterns related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods: We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to 39 plasma phospholipid FA measured in 2,972 older adults (mean age=72.1) at baseline (1992) in the Cardiovascular Health Study, and derived FA patterns. We evaluated prospective associations of identified FA patterns with 14-year incidence of CVD, adjudicated by centralized committee, using multivariate Cox proportional hazards corrected for regression dilution bias. The CHS-derived FA patterns were evaluated in a separate cohort for associations with angiographically-defined atherosclerosis progression over 3.5 years in 1,912 coronary segments of 228 postmenopausal women (mean age=65.4) with established CHD, including FA in phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters. Results: Three distinct patterns were identified, that we characterized as having higher trans FA (TFA pattern), de novo lipogenesis FA (DNL pattern), and dairy and long-chain monounsaturated FA (dairy-LCMUFA pattern). During 32,265 person-years, 780 CVD events occurred, including 512 CHD and 346 stroke. The TFA pattern was associated with higher CVD risk (HR for quintiles 5 vs. 1=2.47 [95% CI 1.35–4.51]; p trend=0.006) (Figure), primarily due to stroke (HR=4.68 [1.85–11.8]; p trend=0.003) but not CHD (HR=1.08 [0.50–2.32]; p trend=0.6). The DNL and dairy-LCMUFA patterns were not associated with CVD, or with CHD or stroke examined separately (p>0.1). In the second cohort, the TFA pattern, but not the other 2 patterns, in all lipid compartments was positively associated with progression of coronary stenosis (p trend<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest PCA can derive informative FA patterns for assessing disease risk. A pattern mainly reflecting higher trans FA levels is linked to higher risk of stroke in older adults, and coronary stenosis progression in women with CHD.

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