scholarly journals Long distance dispersal in the assembly of floras: A review of progress and prospects in North America

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Harris ◽  
Stefanie Ickert-Bond ◽  
Aarón Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance

scholarly journals Long-distance dispersal of the beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, from North America to Chile and Hawaii

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Hancock ◽  
Harold H Prince
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Bird Migration ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
South American ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Central California ◽  
Fragaria Chiloensis

Abstract Background and Aims The beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, is found in a narrow coastal band from the Aleutian Islands to central California and then jumps thousands of kilometres all the way to Hawaii and Chile. As it probably had a North American origin, it must have been introduced to the other locations by long-distance dispersal. The aim of this study was to determine which agent carried the beach strawberry to its Pacific and South American locations. Methods A deductive framework was constructed to separate between the possible modes of long-distance dispersal involving animals, wind and ocean currents. Bird migration was subsequently identified as the most likely scenario, and then the routes, habitats, feeding preferences and flight distances of all the shorebird species were evaluated to determine the most likely carrier. Key Results Six species migrate between North America and Chile and feed on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Black-bellied Plovers, Greater Yellowlegs, Ruddy Turnstones, Sanderlings, Whimbrels and Willets. Of these, only two eat fruit and migrate in long continuous flight: Ruddy Turnstones and Whimbrels. Two species travel between North America and Hawaii, eat fruit and forage on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Pacific Golden-plovers and Ruddy Turnstones. Ruddy Turnstones eat far less fruit than Pacific Golden-plovers and Whimbrels, making them less likely to have introduced the beach strawberry to either location. Conclusions We provide evidence that F. chiloesis seeds were probably dispersed to Hawaii by Pacific Golden-plovers and to Chile by Whimbrels.

Modelling local and long-distance dispersal of invasive emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera) in North America

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim R. Muirhead ◽  
Brian Leung ◽  
Colin Overdijk ◽  
David W. Kelly ◽  
Kanavillil Nandakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance

The biology of Canadian weeds. 110. Tragopogon dubius Scop., Tragopogon pratensis L., and Tragopogon porrifolius L.

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Mahesh K. Upadhyaya ◽  
Shelley J. Bos
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Tetraploid Species ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Noxious Weeds ◽  
Monocarpic Perennial ◽  
Perennial Herbs

Several types of salsify or goat's-beard, Tragopogon species (Asteraceae), are found in Canada as biennial or monocarpic perennial herbs with yellow or purple flowers. Introduced from Eurasia, T. pratensis and T. dubius have become established in all provinces in Canada except Newfoundland and the territories. Tragopogon porrifolius tends to be more local, but is also found in southern areas of most provinces. Tragopogon species hybridize readily, and the tetraploid species T. mirus and T. miscellus have resulted from crosses among the three diploid Tragopogon species in North America. Salsify species produce relatively large umbrella-like pappuses which promote long-distance dispersal. These species also invade rangeland, and are considered noxious weeds in some parts of Canada. Key words: Tragopogon dubius, Tragopogon pratensis, Tragopogon porrifolius, Tragopogon mirus, Tragopogon miscellus, salsify, goat's-beard, Asteraceae, Compositae, hybridization, weed biology

scholarly journals Repeated long-distance dispersal and convergent evolution in hazel

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Helmstetter ◽  
Richard J. A. Buggs ◽  
Stuart J. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Independent Events ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
History Of

Abstract Closely related species with a worldwide distribution provide an opportunity to understand evolutionary and biogeographic processes at a global scale. Hazel (Corylus) is an economically important genus of tree and shrub species found in temperate regions of Asia, North America and Europe. Here we use multiple nuclear and chloroplast loci to estimate a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree of the genus Corylus. We model the biogeographic history of this group and the evolutionary history of tree and shrub form. We estimate that multiple Corylus lineages dispersed long distances between Europe and Asia and colonised North America from Asia in multiple independent events. The geographic distribution of tree versus shrub form of species appears to be the result of 4–5 instances of convergent evolution in the past 25 million years. We find extensive discordance between our nuclear and chloroplast trees and potential evidence for chloroplast capture in species with overlapping ranges, suggestive of past introgression. The important crop species C. avellana is estimated to be closely related to C. maxima, C. heterophylla var. thunbergii and the Colurnae subsection. Our study provides a new phylogenetic hypothesis or Corylus and reveals how long-distance dispersal can shape the distribution of biodiversity in temperate plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document