scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and mortality of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with influenza: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Mycoses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changcheng Shi ◽  
Qiyuan Shan ◽  
Junbo Xia ◽  
Liusheng Wang ◽  
Linling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Incidence Risk

scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and prognostic effect of imaging right ventricular involvement in patients with COVID-19: a dose–response analysis protocol for systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e049866
Author(s):  
Chenghui Zhou ◽  
Baohui Lou ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Hushan Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Prognostic Effect ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Incidence Risk

IntroductionEmerging evidence has shown that COVID-19 infection may result in right ventricular (RV) disturbance and be associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarise the incidence, risk factors and the prognostic effect of imaging RV involvement in adult patients with COVID-19.MethodsA systematical search will be performed in PubMed, EMBase, ISI Knowledge via Web of Science and preprint databases (MedRxiv and BioRxiv) (until October 2021) to identify all cohort studies in adult patients with COVID-19. The primary outcome will be the incidence of RV involvement (dysfunction and/or dilation) assessed by echocardiography, CT or MRI. Secondary outcomes will include the risk factors for RV involvement and their association with all-cause mortality during hospitalisation. Additional outcomes will include the RV global or free wall longitudinal strain (RV-GLS or RV-FWLS), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC) and RV diameter. Univariable or multivariable meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be performed for the study design and patient characteristics (especially acute or chronic pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension). Sensitivity analyses will be used to assess the robustness of our results by removing each included study at one time to obtain and evaluate the remaining overall estimates of RV involvement incidence and related risk factors, association with all-cause mortality, and other RV parameters (RV-GLS or RV-FWLS, TAPSE, S’, FAC and RV diameter). Both linear and cubic spline regression models will be used to explore the dose–response relationship between different categories (>2) of RV involvement and the risk of mortality (OR or HR).Ethics and disseminationThere was no need for ethics approval for the systematic review protocol according to the Institutional Review Board/Independent Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital. This meta-analysis will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021231689.

scholarly journals Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients hospitalised with influenza A-related pneumonia: a multicenter retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Xiudi Han ◽  
Yanli Li ◽  
Chunxiao Zhang ◽  
Xiqian Xing
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Neuraminidase Inhibitor ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Abstract Background Increasing cases of pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in immunocompetent patients with severe influenza have been reported. Howevere, the risk factors for occurence and death are largely unknown. Methods Data of hospitalised patients with influenza A-related pneumonia (FluA-p) obtained from five teaching hospitals from 2031 to 2018, were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors involved in the acquisition and 60-day mortality in IPA patients. Results Of the 693 FluA-p patients included in the study, 3.0% (21/693) were IPA patients with a 60-day mortality of 42.9% (9/21). Adjusted for confounders, a Cox proportional hazard model showed that IPA was associated with increased risk for 60-day mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 4.336, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.191–15.784, p = 0.026] in FluA-p patients. A multivariate logistic regression model confirmed that age (odd ratio (OR) 1.147, 95% CI 1.048–1.225, p = 0.003), systemic corticosteroids use before IPA diagnosis (OR 33.773, 95% CI 5.681–76.764, p <  0.001), leukocytes > 10 × 109/L (OR 1.988, 95% CI 1.028–6.454, p = 0.029) and lymphocytes < 0.8 × 109/L on admission (OR 34.813, 95% CI 1.676–73.006, p = 0.022), were related with the acquisition of IPA. Early neuraminidase inhibitor use (OR 0.290, 95% CI 0.002–0.584, p = 0.021) was associated with a decreased risk for a 60-day mortality in IPA patients. Conclusions Our results showed that IPA worsen the clinical outcomes of FluA-p patients. The risk factors for the acquisition and death were helpful for the clinicians in preventing and treating IPA.

scholarly journals Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Apostolopoulou ◽  
Zerelda Esquer Garrigos ◽  
Prakhar Vijayvargiya ◽  
Alexis Hope Lerner ◽  
Dimitrios Farmakiotis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis

In this systematic review, we investigate the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). We identified 85 cases from 22 studies. The frequency of CAPA is currently unknown but ranges between <5% to >30% in different case series; the possibility of colonization rather than invasive disease is the most important confounder. The vast majority of patients with CAPA did not have any of the classic host risk factors, such as immunosuppression from organ transplant or neutropenia, although a significant proportion (46%) had received corticosteroids. Age, pulmonary comorbidities and male sex were associated with higher mortality. Patients treated with voriconazole had numerically lower case-fatality rate. Clinical vigilance for CAPA is advisable in critically ill patients with COVID-19 who are not improving, even those who do not meet classic host criteria for invasive mycoses, especially if they are receiving corticosteroids. A thorough, multi-faceted diagnostic work-up and early initiation of a mold-active triazole may be lifesaving. Further research studies using standardized, uniform definitions of invasive disease and colonization are urgently needed.

scholarly journals The role of viral and bacterial infections in the pathogenesis of IPF: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Mostafaei ◽  
Babak Sayad ◽  
Maryam Ebadi Fard Azar ◽  
Mohammad Doroudian ◽  
Shima Hadifar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
American People ◽  
Geographic Variations

Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease. Several risk factors such as smoking, air pollution, inhaled toxins, high body mass index and infectious agents are involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. In the present study, this meta-analysis study investigates the prevalence of viral and bacterial infections in the IPF patients and any possible association between these infections with pathogenesis of IPF. Methods The authors carried out this systematic literature review from different reliable databases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar to December 2020.Keywords used were the following “Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis”, “Infection”, “Bacterial Infection” and “Viral Infection”, alone or combined together with the Boolean operators "OR”, “AND” and “NOT” in the Title/Abstract/Keywords field. Pooled proportion and its 95% CI were used to assess the prevalence of viral and bacterial infections in the IPF patients. Results In this systematic review and meta-analyses, 32 studies were selected based on the exclusion/inclusion criteria. Geographical distribution of included studies was: eight studies in American people, 8; in European people, 15 in Asians, and one in Africans. The pooled prevalence for viral and bacterial infections w ere 53.72% (95% CI 38.1–69.1%) and 31.21% (95% CI 19.9–43.7%), respectively. The highest and lowest prevalence of viral infections was HSV (77.7% 95% CI 38.48–99.32%), EBV (72.02%, 95% CI 44.65–90.79%) and Influenza A (7.3%, 95% CI 2.66–42.45%), respectively. Whereas the highest and lowest prevalence in bacterial infections were related to Streptococcus sp. (99.49%, 95% CI 96.44–99.9%) and Raoultella (1.2%, 95% CI 0.2–3.08%), respectively. Conclusions The results of this review were confirmed that the presence of viral and bacterial infections are the risk factors in the pathogenesis of IPF. In further analyses, which have never been shown in the previous studies, we revealed the geographic variations in the association strengths and emphasized other methodological parameters (e.g., detection method). Also, our study supports the hypothesis that respiratory infection could play a key role in the pathogenesis of IP.

scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and outcomes of early postoperative hyperglycemia in surgical patients: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paddy Ssentongo ◽  
Joseph A. Lewcun ◽  
Anna E. Ssentongo ◽  
David I. Soybel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Postoperative Outcomes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Logit Transformation ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Early postoperative hyperglycemia is common and associated with poor postoperative outcomes. We aimed to estimate the pooled incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of early postoperative hyperglycemia in men and women globally. Method and analysis We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies published before January 1, 2020, reporting the incidence of postoperative hyperglycemia. We will search the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, OVID (HEALTH STAR), OVID (MEDLINE), Joana Briggs Institute EBF Database and Web of Science. No age, geographical location, study-design or language limits will be applied. This protocol was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. Two reviewers (JAL, AES) will independently screen citations, abstracts and will identify full-text articles for inclusion, extract data and evaluate the quality and bias of included studies. Discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or consultation with a third researcher (PS). The risk of bias of included studies will be evaluated by the appropriate Cochrane risk of bias tool. The primary outcome will be the overall incident rate of postoperative hyperglycemia. Secondary outcomes are the risk factors and clinical outcomes of postoperative hyperglycemia. We will use the random-effects model with a logit transformation of proportions for the pooling of studies. We will assess the between-study heterogeneity using the I 2 statistic, and Cochrane’s Q statistic (significance level < 0.05). We will perform subgroup meta-analyses to look at geographical differences in the incidence of postoperative hyperglycemia and conduct a meta-regression analysis, using study level median age, year of publication, study level gender proportions, the proportion of type 2 diabetes, mean body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists and type of surgical procedure. We will report the probability of postoperative hyperglycemia as a measure of incidence rate, relative risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals to report the effects of the risk factors and postoperative outcomes. The Egger’s test and funnel plots will be used to assess publication bias.

scholarly journals Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients hospitalised with influenza A-related pneumonia: a multicenter retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Xiudi Han ◽  
YanLi Li ◽  
Chunxiao Zhang ◽  
Xiqian Xing
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Neuraminidase Inhibitor ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Abstract Background Increasing cases of pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in immunocompetent patients with severe influenza have been reported. Howevere, the risk factors for occurence and death are largely unknown.Methods Data of hospitalised patients with influenza A-related pneumonia (FluA-p) obtained from five teaching hospitals from 2031 to 2018, were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors involved in the acquisition and 60-day mortality in IPA patients. Results Of the 693 FluA-p patients included in the study, 3.0% (21/693) were IPA patients with a 60-day mortality of 42.9% (9/21). Adjusted for confounders, a Cox proportional hazard model showed that IPA was associated with increased risk for 60-day mortality [hazard ratio ( HR) 4.336, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.191-15.784, p = 0.026] in FluA-p patients. A multivariate logistic regression model confirmed that age (odd ratio ( OR) 1.147, 95% CI 1.048-1.225, p = 0.003), systemic corticosteroids use before IPA diagnosis ( OR 33.773, 95% CI 5.681-76.764, p < 0.001), leukocytes > 10×10 9 /L ( OR 1.988, 95% CI 1.028-6.454, p = 0.029) and lymphocytes < 0.8×10 9 /L on admission ( OR 34.813, 95% CI 1.676-73.006, p = 0.022), were related with the acquisition of IPA. Early neuraminidase inhibitor use ( OR 0.290, 95% CI 0.002-0.584, p = 0.021) was associated with a decreased risk for a 60-day mortality in IPA patients. Conclusions Our results showed that IPA worsen the clinical outcomes of FluA-p patients. The risk factors for the acquisition and death were helpful for the clinicians in preventing and treating IPA.

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