Preparations from Campomanesia reitziana reduce the gastrointestinal motility and castor oil‐induced diarrhea in a non‐opioid and non‐dopaminergic pathway in mice and display antimicrobial activity in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marihá Mariott ◽  
Luísa Nathália Bolda Mariano ◽  
Thaise Boeing ◽  
Camile Cecconi Cechinel Zanchett ◽  
Efrain Salamanca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Dopaminergic Pathway

IN VIVO AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF Hedychium coccineum RHIZOMES EXTRACT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Sadia Islam Nishi ◽  
◽  
Niloy Barua ◽  
Mohammed Aktar Sayeed ◽  
Abu Montakim Tareq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Tubifex Tubifex ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality

The study reports the in vivo antidiarrheal and in vitro anthelmintic, cytotoxic, and thrombolytic activity of methanol extract of Hedychium coccineum rhizomes (MEHC). The antidiarrheal activity was determined using Castor oil-induced diarrhea and Gastrointestinal motility test in mice at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, whereas an aquarium worm, Tubifex tubifex, was used to determine the anthelmintic activity. The cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity of MEHC was performed by Brine shrimp lethality bioassay and clot lysis method respectively. In antidiarrheal, castor oil-induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal motility exhibited a significant reduction in diarrhea and defecation and an extremely significant inhibition in intestinal motility and peristalsis index by 200 and 400 mg/kg of MEHC. The MEHC (5, 10, and 20 mg/mL) showed a significant dose-dependent manner paralysis time and times to death in multiple comparisons to the different levamisole concentrations (0.5, 0.8, and 1 mg/mL) at in vitro anthelmintic activity. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay exhibited a weak LC50 (681.95 µg/mL; R² = 0.951) while in thrombolytic a significant percentage of clot lysis (32.70%, P < 0.05) demonstrated. The findings demonstrate that H. coccineum rhizomes could be potential sources for biological activity.

scholarly journals Activity of endodontic antibacterial agents against selected anaerobic bacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Maniglia Ferreira ◽  
Odila Pereira da Silva Rosa ◽  
Sérgio Aparecido Torres ◽  
Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade Ferreira ◽  
Norberti Bernardinelli
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽  
Oil Plant

The antimicrobial activity of substances used as antibacterial agents (solutions of 10% calcium hydroxide, camphorated paramonochlorophenol - PMCC, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate and 10% castor oil plant detergent) on anaerobic bacteria (Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586, Prevotella nigrescens ATCC 33563, Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124 and Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285), using a broth dilution technique, was evaluated in vitro. For determination of minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericide concentrations (MIC and MBC), two culture broths, Reinforced Clostridial Medium (RCM) and supplemented Brucella, standardized inoculum and serially diluted solutions were used. All antibacterial agents presented antimicrobial activity that varied for different bacteria. There were no differences in the performance of the two broths. Chlorhexidine digluconate was the most effective, with the lowest MICs, followed by castor oil detergent, PMCC and calcium hydroxide. C. perfringens and B. fragilis were the most resistant bacteria to all agents.

In Vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of a Castor Oil-Based Irrigant

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 717-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
M ROBERTOLEONARDO ◽  
L ASSEDBEZERRADASILVA ◽  
M TANOMARUFILHO ◽  
K CORTESBONIFACIO ◽  
I YOKOITO
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

In vitro antimicrobial activity of marbofloxacin and enrofloxacin against bacterial strains isolated from companion animals

2007 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Farca ◽  
P. Cavana ◽  
P. Robino ◽  
P. Nebbia
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of fungus-growing termites Macrotermes bellicosus used in traditional medicine in Benin

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Hammoud ◽  
D Chougourou ◽  
Z Vissiennon ◽  
V Ahyi ◽  
K Nieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Macrotermes Bellicosus

Crude Extracts of Leaf and Stem Bark of CASSIA SIAMEA have IN VITRO Antimicrobial Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Jada ◽  
◽  
Wurochekke Usman ◽  
Muhammad Abdulazeez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Cassia Siamea ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Crude Extracts

Mechanisms involved in effects of antimicrobial peptides, bactenectins ChBac3.4, ChBac5, and mini-ChBac7.5Nb, on bacterial cells

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
О.В. Шамова ◽  
М.С. Жаркова ◽  
П.М. Копейкин ◽  
Д.С. Орлов ◽  
Е.А. Корнева
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains

Антимикробные пептиды (АМП) системы врожденного иммунитета - соединения, играющие важную роль в патогенезе инфекционных заболеваний, так как обладают свойством инактивировать широкий спектр патогенных бактерий, обеспечивая противомикробную защиту живых организмов. В настоящее время АМП рассматриваются как потенциальные соединения-корректоры инфекционной патологии, вызываемой антибиотикорезистентными бактериями (АБР). Цель данной работы состояла в изученим механизмов антибактериального действия трех пептидов, принадлежащих к семейству бактенецинов - ChBac3.4, ChBac5 и mini-ChBac7.5Nb. Эти химически синтезированные пептиды являются аналогами природных пролин-богатых АМП, обнаруженных в лейкоцитах домашней козы Capra hircus и проявляющих высокую антимикробную активность, в том числе и в отношении грамотрицательных АБР. Методы. Минимальные ингибирующие и минимальные бактерицидные концентрации пептидов (МИК и МБК) определяли методом серийных разведений в жидкой питательной среде с последующим высевом на плотную питательную среду. Эффекты пептидов на проницаемость цитоплазматической мембраны бактерий для хромогенного маркера исследовали с использованием генетически модифицированного штамма Escherichia coli ML35p. Действие бактенецинов на метаболическую активность бактерий изучали с применением маркера резазурина. Результаты. Показано, что все исследованные пептиды проявляют высокую антимикробную активность в отношении Escherichia coli ML35p и антибиотикоустойчивых штаммов Escherichia coli ESBL и Acinetobacter baumannii in vitro, но их действие на бактериальные клетки разное. Использован комплекс методик, позволяющих наблюдать в режиме реального времени динамику действия бактенецинов в различных концентрациях (включая их МИК и МБК) на барьерную функцию цитоплазматической мембраны и на интенсивность метаболизма бактериальных клеток, что дало возможность выявить различия в характере воздействия бактенецинов, отличающихся по структуре молекулы, на исследуемые микроорганизмы. Установлено, что действие каждого из трех исследованных бактенецинов в бактерицидных концентрациях отличается по эффективности нарушения целостности бактериальных мембран и в скорости подавления метаболизма клеток. Заключение. Полученная информация дополнит существующие фундаментальные представления о механизмах действия пролин-богатых пептидов врожденного иммунитета, а также послужит основой для биотехнологических исследований, направленных на разработку на базе этих соединений новых антибиотических препаратов для коррекции инфекционных заболеваний, вызываемых АБР и являющимися причинами тяжелых внутрибольничных инфекций. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of the innate immunity are compounds that play an important role in pathogenesis of infectious diseases due to their ability to inactivate a broad array of pathogenic bacteria, thereby providing anti-microbial host defense. AMPs are currently considered promising compounds for treatment of infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate molecular mechanisms of the antibacterial action of three peptides from the bactenecin family, ChBac3.4, ChBac5, and mini-ChBac7.5Nb. These chemically synthesized peptides are analogues of natural proline-rich AMPs previously discovered by the authors of the present study in leukocytes of the domestic goat, Capra hircus. These peptides exhibit a high antimicrobial activity, in particular, against antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Methods. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the peptides (MIC and MBC) were determined using the broth microdilution assay followed by subculturing on agar plates. Effects of the AMPs on bacterial cytoplasmic membrane permeability for a chromogenic marker were explored using a genetically modified strain, Escherichia coli ML35p. The effect of bactenecins on bacterial metabolic activity was studied using a resazurin marker. Results. All the studied peptides showed a high in vitro antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ML35p and antibiotic-resistant strains, Escherichia coli ESBL and Acinetobacter baumannii, but differed in features of their action on bacterial cells. The used combination of techniques allowed the real-time monitoring of effects of bactenecin at different concentrations (including their MIC and MBC) on the cell membrane barrier function and metabolic activity of bacteria. The differences in effects of these three structurally different bactenecins on the studied microorganisms implied that these peptides at bactericidal concentrations differed in their capability for disintegrating bacterial cell membranes and rate of inhibiting bacterial metabolism. Conclusion. The obtained information will supplement the existing basic concepts on mechanisms involved in effects of proline-rich peptides of the innate immunity. This information will also stimulate biotechnological research aimed at development of new antibiotics for treatment of infectious diseases, such as severe in-hospital infections, caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.

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