Bringing together Europe's young plant scientists

Sjors Horst; Tijmen Butselaar; Hao Zhang; Gilles Vismans; Merel Steenbergen; Sarah Courbier; Manon Neilen; Jesse J. Küpers

doi:10.1111/nph.15691

Metabolic signalling and the partitioning of resources in plant storage organs

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859699006978 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 133 (3) ◽

pp. 243-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

NIGEL G. HALFORD

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Wild Relatives ◽

Crop Plants ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Young Plant ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Cultivated Potato ◽

Metabolic Signalling ◽

Storage Organs ◽

Plant Storage

The most important harvested organs of crop plants, such as seeds, tubers and fruits, are often described as assimilate sinks. They play little or no part in the fixation of carbon through the production of sugars through photosynthesis, or in the uptake of nitrogen and sulphur, but import these assimilated resources to support metabolism and to store them in the form of starch, oils and proteins. Wild plants store resources in seeds and tubers to later support an emergent young plant. Cultivated crops are effectively storing resources to provide us with food and many have been bred to accumulate much more than would be required otherwise. For example, approximately 80% of a cultivated potato plant's dry weight is contained in its tubers, ten times the proportion in the tubers of its wild relatives (Inoue & Tanaka 1978). Cultivation and breeding has brought about a shift in the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen assimilate between the organs of the plant.

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Relationships Among the Feeding Behaviors of a Mirid Bug on Cotton Leaves of Different Ages and Plant Biochemical Substances

Journal of Insect Science ◽

10.1093/jisesa/ieab007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Haiyan Song ◽

Zhaoke Dong ◽

Lili Li ◽

Zengbin Lu ◽

Chao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Leaf Traits ◽

Cotton Leaf ◽

Young Plant ◽

Feeding Behaviors ◽

Probing Behavior ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Mirid Bug ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae) tends to feed on young plant tissues. To explore the relationship between stylet probing behaviors of adult A. lucorum and conditions of cotton leaves, we conducted an experiment using electropenetrography (EPG). Behaviors were recorded on four cotton varieties, in relation to thickness and biochemical traits of differently-aged leaves. Cotton leaf age had a significant effect on the probing behavior of A. lucorum but cotton variety did not. One-day-old leaves of A. lucorum received the highest mean number of stylet probes (penetrations) per insect, and longest mean durations per insect of combined stylet probing or its components, cell rupture and ingestion behaviors. All of the leaf traits (thickness and biochemical substances) were similar among these four cotton varieties. Leaf thickness had a significantly negative effect on the same four variables above. Gossypol and tannin also had a negative impact on combined probing duration. Redundancy analysis showed that the four EPG variables were closely related to nutrient substances (amino acids, sugar, and water) while they had the opposite relationship with plant defense substances (gossypol and tannin). On cotton in the seedling stages, A. lucorum fed more readily on the youngest, thinnest leaves in our no-choice EPG experiments. Nutrients and chemical resistance substances determined the probing duration of A. lucorum. Our findings can contribute to better understanding of patterns of feeding and host consumption by A. lucorum, ultimately improving cotton resistance to A. lucorum.

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Effects of the Ant, Lasius niger (L.), on the Behaviour and Reproduction of the Black Bean Aphid, Aphis fabae Scop

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300053979 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 701-714 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

C. J. Banks

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Plant Tissue ◽

Food Supply ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Lasius Niger ◽

Average Difference ◽

Young Plant ◽

Black Bean ◽

Bean Plants ◽

Aphid Populations

SummaryCage experiments confirmed that, in the absence of natural enemies, populations of Aphis fabae Scop., attended on bean plants (Vicia faba) by the ant, Lasius niger (L.), multiply more rapidly than otherwise similar but ant-free populations. The average difference in numbers recorded, was about one-third, the maximum being 70 per cent. No doubling or trebling of aphid numbers as claimed by an earlier worker was ever recorded.When the Aphids are attended by ants, their excretion behaviour alters and the normal dispersal of the apterae from the young apical growth of bean plants is considerably delayed.No significant differences were found between the numbers of nymphs produced by individual Aphids from ant-visited and ant-free plants, respectively, living on leaves of the same age; but the numbers were significantly affected by the age of the leaf or part of the plant on which the Aphids had developed or were then feeding.It is suggested that ant-attended aphid populations multiply more rapidly because most of the Aphids feed for a much longer time on young plant tissue where, presumably, their food supply is more nutritious.

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The apparent behaviour of maize and sorghum stomata during and after drought

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600020839 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 412-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J. Glover

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

The Other ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Young Plant ◽

Normal Behaviour ◽

Other Hand ◽

Grain Crop

Maize stomata are shown to be markedly affected by severe drought lasting about a week or more, in that they do not recover their apparent pattern of normal behaviour after the water supply to the plant is restored, although the leaves regain their turgidity and seem normal. On the other hand, sorghum stomata recover well from severe drought lasting 14 days and their recovery follows fairly closely behind the restoration of turgidity to the leaves. It is suggested that this difference in ability of stomata to recover from severe drought in some measure accounts for the superiority of sorghum as a grain crop in dry regions.Severe drought in maize is shown to be less damaging to the young plant than to the old, because the stomata of the unopened leaves behave normally when unfolded after the drought is broken.

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Young farmers’ income generating capacity and capital requirement

Review on Agriculture and Rural Development ◽

10.14232/rard.2016.1-2.119-125 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1-2) ◽

pp. 119-125

Author(s):

Zoltán István Privóczki ◽

Csaba Borbély ◽

Károly Bodnár

Keyword(s):

Capital Requirements ◽

Point Of View ◽

Plant Production ◽

Capital Requirement ◽

Production Structure ◽

Young Plant ◽

Economic Point ◽

Arable Crops ◽

Operation Period ◽

Generating Capacity

The study examines the farms growing on arable crops run by yotmg farmers from economic point of view. The income generating capacity and capital needs of the sectors based on com cultivation are assessed, while the announced tender scoring system is taken into account. The number of agricultural and horticultural sectors with specialized young plant production farms increased strongly in recent years, so the results of these agricultural businesses have always been and still are in close connection with their production structure. The amount of income on these farms basically depends on the structure of production influenced by the income generating capacity, the capital requirements, the amount of the subsidies and the use of the relations opportunities of the industry. The versatility of the use of com produces different income generating capability and capital requirements which young farmers can successfully take advantage of during the design and operation period of their enterprises.

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On the depletion of the endosperm of Hordenm vulgare during germination

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rspl.1898.0003 ◽

1898 ◽

Vol 63 (389-400) ◽

pp. 3-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Keyword(s):

Physiological Changes ◽

Young Plant

In an account given by one of us in 1890 of the results of an investigation of the histological and physiological changes which take place in the seeds of the Grasses during germination, a prominent position was given to a discussion of the relations existing between the endosperm and embryo, and to the part played by each in the preparation of the reserve materials of the seed for the nutrition of the young plant.

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