Fine‐tuning of SUMOylation modulates drought tolerance of apple

GhWRKY21 regulates ABA-mediated drought tolerance by fine-tuning the expression of GhHAB in cotton

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-020-02590-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiayu Wang ◽

Lijun Wang ◽

Yan Yan ◽

Shuxin Zhang ◽

Han Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Fine Tuning

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Fine-tuning of SUMOylation modulates drought tolerance

10.1101/2021.03.29.437542 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qingmei Guan ◽

Xuewei Li ◽

Shuang-Xi Zhou ◽

Liyuan Lu ◽

Huan Dang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Plant Biology ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Wild Type ◽

Tight Control ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

SUMOylation is involved in various aspects of plant biology, including drought stress. However, the relationship between SUMOylation and drought stress tolerance is complex; whether SUMOylation has a crosstalk with ubiquitination in response to drought stress remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that both increased and decreased SUMOylation led to increased survival of apple (Malus × domestica) under drought stress: both transgenic MdSUMO2A overexpressing (OE) plants and MdSUMO2 RNAi plants exhibited enhanced drought tolerance. We further confirmed that MdDREB2A is one of the MdSUMO2 targets. Both transgenic MdDREB2A OE and MdDREB2AK192R OE plants (which lacked the key site of SUMOylation by MdSUMO2A) were more drought tolerant than wild-type plants. However, MdDREB2AK192R OE plants had a much higher survival rate than MdDREB2A OE plants. We further showed SUMOylated MdDREB2A was conjugated with ubiquitin by MdRNF4 under drought stress, thereby triggering its protein degradation. In addition, MdRNF4 RNAi plants were more tolerant to drought stress. These results revealed the molecular mechanisms that underlie the relationship of SUMOylation with drought tolerance and provided evidence for the tight control of MdDREB2A accumulation under drought stress mediated by SUMOylation and ubiquitination.

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Root Trait Variation in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) Germplasm under Drought Stress

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10112410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2410

Author(s):

Swati Priya ◽

Ruchi Bansal ◽

Gaurav Kumar ◽

Harsh Kumar Dikshit ◽

Jyoti Kumari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Root System ◽

System Architecture ◽

Lens Culinaris ◽

Seedling Survival ◽

Root Traits ◽

Root System Architecture ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Tolerance Index

Drought is the most critical environmental factor across the continents affecting food security. Roots are the prime organs for water and nutrient uptake. Fine tuning between water uptake, efficient use and loss determines the genotypic response to water limitations. Targeted breeding for root system architecture needs to be explored to improve water use efficiency in legumes. Hence, the present study was designed to explore root system architecture in lentil germplasm in response to drought. A set of 119 lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes was screened in controlled conditions to assess the variability in root traits in relation to drought tolerance at seedling stage. We reported significant variation for different root traits in lentil germplasm. Total root length, surface area, root volume and root diameter were correlated to the survival and growth under drought. Among the studied genotypes, the stress tolerance index varied 0.19–1.0 for survival and 0.09–0.90 for biomass. Based on seedling survival and biomass under control and drought conditions, 11 drought tolerant genotypes were identified, which may be investigated further at a physiological and molecular level for the identification of the genes involved in drought tolerance. Identified lines may also be utilised in a lentil breeding program.

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A Comparative Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Revealed Conserved Key Genes and Regulatory Networks Involved in Drought Tolerance in Cereal Crops

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms222313062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (23) ◽

pp. 13062

Author(s):

Elena Baldoni ◽

Giovanna Frugis ◽

Federico Martinelli ◽

Jubina Benny ◽

Donatella Paffetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factors ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Leaf Senescence ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Cereal Crops ◽

Cellular Transport ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Transcriptomic Changes

Drought affects plant growth and development, causing severe yield losses, especially in cereal crops. The identification of genes involved in drought tolerance is crucial for the development of drought-tolerant crops. The aim of this study was to identify genes that are conserved key players for conferring drought tolerance in cereals. By comparing the transcriptomic changes between tolerant and susceptible genotypes in four Gramineae species, we identified 69 conserved drought tolerant-related (CDT) genes that are potentially involved in the drought tolerance of all of the analysed species. The CDT genes are principally involved in stress response, photosynthesis, chlorophyll biogenesis, secondary metabolism, jasmonic acid signalling, and cellular transport. Twenty CDT genes are not yet characterized and can be novel candidates for drought tolerance. The k-means clustering analysis of expression data highlighted the prominent roles of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related mechanisms in differentiating the drought response between tolerant and sensitive genotypes. In addition, we identified specific transcription factors that could regulate the expression of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related genes. Our analysis suggests that the balance between the induction of leaf senescence and maintenance of photosynthesis during drought plays a major role in tolerance. Fine-tuning of CDT gene expression modulation by specific transcription factors can be the key to improving drought tolerance in cereals.

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Fine-Tuning Futures

ASHA Leader ◽

10.1044/leader.fq.22062017.np ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Christi Miller

Keyword(s):

Fine Tuning

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Food Safety Security: A new Concept for Enhancing Food Safety Measures

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000114 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 216-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Venkatesh Iyengar ◽

Ibrahim Elmadfa

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Hazard Analysis ◽

Warning System ◽

Shared Responsibility ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Strategic Action ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Measurement Systems ◽

Critical Control Points ◽

The Impact

The food safety security (FSS) concept is perceived as an early warning system for minimizing food safety (FS) breaches, and it functions in conjunction with existing FS measures. Essentially, the function of FS and FSS measures can be visualized in two parts: (i) the FS preventive measures as actions taken at the stem level, and (ii) the FSS interventions as actions taken at the root level, to enhance the impact of the implemented safety steps. In practice, along with FS, FSS also draws its support from (i) legislative directives and regulatory measures for enforcing verifiable, timely, and effective compliance; (ii) measurement systems in place for sustained quality assurance; and (iii) shared responsibility to ensure cohesion among all the stakeholders namely, policy makers, regulators, food producers, processors and distributors, and consumers. However, the functional framework of FSS differs from that of FS by way of: (i) retooling the vulnerable segments of the preventive features of existing FS measures; (ii) fine-tuning response systems to efficiently preempt the FS breaches; (iii) building a long-term nutrient and toxicant surveillance network based on validated measurement systems functioning in real time; (iv) focusing on crisp, clear, and correct communication that resonates among all the stakeholders; and (v) developing inter-disciplinary human resources to meet ever-increasing FS challenges. Important determinants of FSS include: (i) strengthening international dialogue for refining regulatory reforms and addressing emerging risks; (ii) developing innovative and strategic action points for intervention {in addition to Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) procedures]; and (iii) introducing additional science-based tools such as metrology-based measurement systems.

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