Overexpression of both Rubisco and Rubisco activase rescues rice photosynthesis and biomass under heat stress

AbstractWith the rapid growth of world population, it is essential to increase agricultural productivity to feed the growing population. Over the past decades, many methods have been used to increase crop yields. Despite the success in boosting the crop yield through these methods, global food production still needs to be increased to be on par with the increasing population and its dynamic consumption patterns. Additionally, given the prevailing environmental conditions pertaining to the global temperature increase, heat stress will likely be a critical factor that negatively affects plant biomass and crop yield. One of the key elements hindering photosynthesis and plant productivity under heat stress is the thermo-sensitivity of the Rubisco activase (RCA), a molecular chaperone that converts Rubisco back to active form after it becomes inactive. It would be an attractive and practical strategy to maintain photosynthetic activity under elevated temperatures by enhancing the thermo-stability of RCA. In this context, this review discusses the need to improve the thermo-tolerance of RCA under current climatic conditions and to further study RCA structure and regulation, and its limitations at elevated temperatures. This review summarizes successful results and provides a perspective on RCA research and its implication in improving crop yield under elevated temperature conditions in the future.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Enhanced Thermostability of Arabidopsis Rubisco activase improves photosynthesis and growth rates under moderate heat stress.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1091518.545995 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Nicolaus Von Wiren

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Rubisco Activase

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Comprehensive analysis of the gene expression profile of wheat at the crossroads of heat, drought and combined stress

Highlights in BioScience ◽

10.36462/h.biosci.202104 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bs202104

Author(s):

Alsamman M. Alsamman ◽

Ratiba Bousba ◽

Michael Baum ◽

Aladdin Hamwieh ◽

Nourhan Fouad

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Gene Annotation ◽

Rubisco Activase ◽

Gene Expression Omnibus ◽

P Value ◽

Lipid Transfer ◽

Combined Stress ◽

Protein Protein Interaction

Heat and drought are among the leading environmental stresses which have a major impact on plant development. In our research, identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulating the response of wheat to drought, heat and combined stress was carried out. We analyzed data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) microarrays containing 24 samples of wheat, which were categorized by different treatments (control: ctrl, drought: D, heat: H, and mixed: HD). Significant DEGs were examined for gene annotation, gene ontology, co-expression, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and their heterogeneity and consistency through drought, heat and combined stress was also studied. Genes such as gyrB, C6orf132 homolog, PYR1 were highly associated with wheat response to drought with P-value (-log10) of 9.3, 7.3, 6.4, and logFC of -3.9, 2.0, 1.6, respectively. DEGs associated with drought tolerance were highly related to the protein domains of lipid-transfer (LTP). Wheat response to heat stress was strongly associated with genes such as RuBisCO activase B, small heat shock, LTP3, YLS3, At2g33490, PETH with p-values (-log10) ranging from 9.3 to 12.3. In addition, a relatively high number of protein interactions involved the SDH, PEPCK, and G6PD genes under heat stress.

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