scholarly journals Quantifying the HIV treatment cascade in a South African health sub‐district by gender: retrospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark N. Lurie ◽  
Kipruto Kirwa ◽  
Julia Callaway ◽  
Morna Cornell ◽  
Andrew Boulle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Treatment Cascade ◽  
African Health ◽  
Hiv Treatment Cascade ◽  
South African Health

scholarly journals Adolescent HIV treatment in South Africa's national HIV programme: a retrospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e760-e768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mhairi Maskew ◽  
Jacob Bor ◽  
William MacLeod ◽  
Sergio Carmona ◽  
Gayle G Sherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hiv Treatment

scholarly journals The modified south African triage scale system for mortality prediction in resource-constrained emergency surgical centers: a retrospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Massaut ◽  
Pola Valles ◽  
Arnold Ghismonde ◽  
Claudinette Jn Jacques ◽  
Liseberth Pierre Louis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Mortality Prediction ◽  
Resource Constrained

scholarly journals The Impact of Universal Test and Treat Program on Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy Outcomes (Coverage, Adherence and Lost to Follow Up) at Wangaya Hospital in Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Ketut Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Universal Test And Treat ◽  
High Adherence ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
The Impact

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) recommended that all people diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive initiate Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy (HAART) immediately (less than a week), irrespective of CD4 count (Universal Test and Treat / UTT) Program. Objective: To evaluate the impact of UTT as a current therapeutic program on HIV treatment outcomes, coverage, adherence, and lost to follow-up (LTFU) at Wangaya Hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Methods: A Retrospective cohort study was conducted during July 2017 - June 2018 (Pre-UTT) and September 2018 – August 2019 (Post-UTT). Around 402 medical records were selected, reviewed, and enrolled. Data were analyzed using SPSS software for windows version 24.0. Bivariate analysis (Chi-square test) was performed on all variables with a statistically significant t level of 0.05. Results: Among 4,322 new visitors; 3,585 (82.95%) agreed to take HIV test and 402(11.21%) were confirmed HIV reactive. Most participants confirmed HIV reactive occured at age 25-34 years old and 230 (57.21%) were male. The majority education level were primary (Junior high school) 302(75.12%), 379(94.28%) were employed and 281 (69.90%) stayed in Denpasar. About 350 (87.06%) received HAART, 298 (85.14%) with high adherence and 52 (14.86%) LTFU. Pre-UTT, HAART coverage; 83.03% (181), were statistically significant increased to 91.85% (169) post UTT (p=0.000). High adherence pre-UTT; 79.56% (144) was significantly increased to 91.12% (154) post UTT (p=0.006) and LTFU were significantly decreased; 20.44% (37) to 8.87% (15) (p=0.006). Conclusion: UTT program significantly improve the HIV treatment outcome (increased coverage, adherence, and decreased LTFU).

scholarly journals Effect of bedaquiline on mortality in South African patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Schnippel ◽  
Norbert Ndjeka ◽  
Gary Maartens ◽  
Graeme Meintjes ◽  
Iqbal Master ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
African Patients

scholarly journals Effect of highly active antiretroviral treatment on TB incidence among HIV infected children and their clinical profile, retrospective cohort study, South West Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firew Tiruneh ◽  
Yared Deyas
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractGlobally, 1.8 million HIV infected children live with HIV; nearly 53% of them were receiving HIV treatment. People who are infected with HIV are 18 times more likely to develop active TB. Despite antiretroviral treatment has shown marked reduction in TB incidence, TB continues to occur in Sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia among HIV infected people. The effect of highly active antiretroviral treatment is quite successful in developed countries. However, in developing country TB/HIV co-infection remains perplexing among children on the treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ART on the incidence of TB among Children infected with HIV in Southwest Ethiopia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on randomly selected 800 samples from ART clinic between 2009 and 2014. We used chi-square test, and Mann–Whitney U test to compare HAART naïve and HAART cohort. We used marginal structural models to estimate the effect of HAART on survival while accounting for time-dependent confounders affected by exposure. A total of 800 children were followed for 2942.99 child-years. The children were observed for a median of 51 months with IQR 31 and for a total of 2942.99 child-years. From 506 OIs that occurred, the most common reported OIs were Pneumonia (22%) and TB (23.6%). The overall TB incidence rate was 7.917 per 100 child years (95% CI, 6.933–9.002). Whereas among HAART (7.667 per 100-years (95% CI, 6.318–9.217) and 8.1686 per 100 person-years (95% CI 6.772–9.767) for HAART naïve. The mortality hazard ratio comparing HAART with no HAART from a marginal structural model was 0.642 (95% CI 0.442–0.931, p < 0.02). HAART reduced the hazard of TB in HIV-infected children by 36%. This is by far less than expected.

scholarly journals How Soon after Infection with HIV Does the Risk of Tuberculosis Start to Increase? A Retrospective Cohort Study in South African Gold Miners

2005 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pam Sonnenberg ◽  
Judith R. Glynn ◽  
Katherine Fielding ◽  
Jill Murray ◽  
Peter Godfrey‐Faussett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Gold Miners ◽  
South African Gold

scholarly journals Factors associated with mortality in persons co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in Suriname: a retrospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Deborah Stijnberg ◽  
Eric Commiesie ◽  
Diana Marín ◽  
Ward Schrooten ◽  
Freddy Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment ◽  
Using Data

Objective. To identify socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with mortality among persons with tuberculosis (TB) and TB/HIV co-infection in Suriname. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the national TB and HIV databases for 2010 – 2015. The survival probability of TB and TB/HIV co-infected patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier estimates and the log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied. Results. The study showed that HIV-seropositivity (aHR: 2.08, 95%CI: 1.48 – 2.92) and older age (aHR: 5.84, 95%CI: 3.00 – 11.4) are statistically associated with higher mortality. For the TB/HIV co-infected patients, TB treatment (aHR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.35 – 0.53) reduces the risk of death. Similarly, HIV treatment started within 56 days (aHR: 0.15, 95%CI: 0.12 – 0.19) and delayed (aHR: 0.25, 95%CI: 0.13 – 0.47) result in less hazard for mortality; Directly-Observed Treatment (aOR: 0.16, 95%CI: 0.09 – 0.29) further reduces the risk. Conclusions. The Ministry of Health of Suriname should develop strategies for early case-finding in key populations, such as for HIV and TB in men 60 years of age and older. Implementation of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for HIV should be pursued. Scaling up TB and HIV treatment, preferably through supervision, are essential to reducing the TB/HIV mortality.

The association between gender and HIV viral suppression on third-line therapy in Zambia: a retrospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-459
Author(s):  
Liana Andronescu ◽  
Paul M Zulu ◽  
Sarah S Jackson ◽  
Lottie Hachaambwa ◽  
Cassidy W Claassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Baseline Viral Load ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Third Line Therapy ◽  
Third Line

Patient’s gender may impact pharmacokinetics and play a role in viral suppression. Existing literature has focused on treatment-naïve patients and produced inconclusive results, often implicating differences in adherence as the driver of gender-based outcome differences. The present analysis assessed whether viral suppression on third-line HIV treatment among a closely followed population differs by gender. A retrospective cohort study of patients on third-line HIV treatment was initiated at the HIV Advanced Treatment Centre in Lusaka, Zambia between January 2012 and December 2015. The association between gender and viral suppression was assessed using log binomial regression adjusted for core drug, number of drug mutations, and baseline viral load. Of the 80 included patients (56% female; median age: 40 years), 50 (62%) were virally suppressed at six months. After adjustment, females were less likely to be virologically suppressed at six months on third-line treatment compared to male HIV patients (relative risk 0.82, 95% confidence interval: 0.56, 1.20). Our data suggest that women were less likely to be suppressed following six months of third-line therapy compared to men; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Larger studies are needed to determine whether women are at increased risk of viral failure on third-line therapy compared to men.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document