Arabidopsis aldehyde oxidase 3, known to oxidize abscisic aldehyde to ABA, protects leaves from aldehyde toxicity

Introduction Favipiravir is an antiviral agent that is recently used for SARS-CoV2 infection. The drug-drug interactions of favipiravir especially with chemotherapeutic agents in a patient with malignancy are not well known. Case report The patient diagnosed with metastatic osteosarcoma was given high dose methotrexate treatment, and favipiravir was started on the third day of the treatment with suspicion of SARS-CoV2 infection. Grade 3 hepatotoxicity developed after favipiravir. Management & outcome: The acute viral hepatitis panel and autoimmune liver disease panel were negative. The ultrasound of the abdomen was unremarkable for any hepatobiliary pathology. The all viral and hepatobiliary possible etiological factors were ruled out. The patient’s liver enzymes increased just after (12 hours later) the initiation of favipiravir, and we diagnosed toxic hepatitis caused by favipiravir-methotrexate interaction. Therefore, methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg dose was started for a presumed diagnosis of toxic hepatitis. Hepatotoxicity completely regressed after favipiravir was discontinued. Discussion Favipiravir may inhibit methotrexate elimination by inhibiting aldehyde oxidase and its sequential use may cause hepatotoxicity in this case. The clinicians should keep in mind possible drug interactions while using new antiviral agents against SARS-CoV2 like favipiravir.

Download Full-text

Genetic variants of aldehyde oxidase (AOX) 1 in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques

Xenobiotica ◽

10.1080/00498254.2021.1874564 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Yasuhiro Uno ◽

Shotaro Uehara ◽

Norie Murayama ◽

Hiroshi Yamazaki

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variants ◽

Rhesus Macaques ◽

Aldehyde Oxidase

Download Full-text

Identification of a new mutation in the human xanthine dehydrogenase responsible for xanthinuria type I

Advances in Laboratory Medicine / Avances en Medicina de Laboratorio ◽

10.1515/almed-2021-0018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Cristina Collazo Abal ◽

Susana Romero Santos ◽

Carmen González Mao ◽

Emilio C. Pazos Lago ◽

Francisco Barros Angueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aldehyde Oxidase ◽

Renal Calculi ◽

Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽

Type I ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

New Mutation ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Hereditary Xanthinuria ◽

Urine Levels ◽

Made In

Abstract Objectives Hereditary xanthinuria is a rare, autosomal and recessive disorder characterized by severe hypouricemia and increased xanthine excretion, caused by a deficiency of xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH/XO, EC: 1.17.1.4/1.17.3.2) in type I, or by a deficiency of XDH/XO and aldehyde oxidase (AOX, EC: 1.2.3.1) in type II. Case presentation We describe a novel point mutation in the XDH gene in homozygosis found in a patient with very low serum and urine levels of uric acid, together with xanthinuria. He was asymptomatic but renal calculi were discovered during imaging. Additional cases were found in his family and dietary recommendations were made in order to prevent further complications. Conclusions Hereditary xanthinuria is an underdiagnosed pathology, often found in a routine analysis that shows hypouricemia. It is important for Laboratory Medicine to acknowledge how to guide clinicians in the diagnosis.

Download Full-text