DICER‐LIKE1a autoregulation based on intronic microRNA processing is required for stress adaptation in Physcomitrium patens

Information on molecular mechanisms through which sex-steroids regulate oviductal function to support early embryo development is lacking. Here, we hypothesized that the periovulatory endocrine milieu affects the miRNA processing machinery and miRNA expression in bovine oviductal tissues. Growth of the preovulatory follicle was controlled to obtain cows that ovulated a small follicle (SF) and subsequently bore a small corpus luteum (CL; SF-SCL) or a large follicle (LF) and large CL (LF-LCL). These groups differed in the periovulatory plasmatic sex-steroid’s concentrations. Ampulla and isthmus samples were collected on day four of the estrous cycle. Abundance of DROSHA, DICER1, and AGO4 transcripts was greater in the ampulla than the isthmus. In the ampulla, transcription of these genes was greater for the SF-SCL group, while the opposite was observed in the isthmus. The expression of the 88 most abundant miRNAs and 14 miRNAs in the ampulla and 34 miRNAs in isthmus were differentially expressed between LF-LCL and SF-SCL groups. Integration of transcriptomic and miRNA data and molecular pathways enrichment showed that important pathways were inhibited in the SF-SCL group due to miRNA control. In conclusion, the endocrine milieu affects the miRNA expression in the bovine oviduct in a region-specific manner.

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The Phosphoarginine Phosphatase PtpB from Staphylococcus aureus Is Involved in Bacterial Stress Adaptation during Infection

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10030645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 645

Author(s):

Mohamed Ibrahem Elhawy ◽

Sylvaine Huc-Brandt ◽

Linda Pätzold ◽

Laila Gannoun-Zaki ◽

Ahmed Mohamed Mostafa Abdrabou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Aureus Strain ◽

Stress Adaptation ◽

Cellular Mechanisms ◽

Host Interaction ◽

Liver And Kidney

Staphylococcus aureus continues to be a public health threat, especially in hospital settings. Studies aimed at deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie pathogenesis, host adaptation, and virulence are required to develop effective treatment strategies. Numerous host-pathogen interactions were found to be dependent on phosphatases-mediated regulation. This study focused on the analysis of the role of the low-molecular weight phosphatase PtpB, in particular, during infection. Deletion of ptpB in S. aureus strain SA564 significantly reduced the capacity of the mutant to withstand intracellular killing by THP-1 macrophages. When injected into normoglycemic C57BL/6 mice, the SA564 ΔptpB mutant displayed markedly reduced bacterial loads in liver and kidney tissues in a murine S. aureus abscess model when compared to the wild type. We also observed that PtpB phosphatase-activity was sensitive to oxidative stress. Our quantitative transcript analyses revealed that PtpB affects the transcription of various genes involved in oxidative stress adaptation and infectivity. Thus, this study disclosed first insights into the physiological role of PtpB during host interaction allowing us to link phosphatase-dependent regulation to oxidative bacterial stress adaptation during infection.

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Interplay between miRNAs and lncRNAs: mode of action and biological roles in plant development and stress adaptation

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal ◽

10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.062 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiangxiang Meng ◽

Aixia Li ◽

Bin Yu ◽

Shengjun Li

Keyword(s):

Plant Development ◽

Mode Of Action ◽

Stress Adaptation

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The Arabidopsis TETRATRICOPEPTIDE THIOREDOXIN-LIKE 1 Gene Is Involved in Anisotropic Root Growth during Osmotic Stress Adaptation

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12020236 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 236

Author(s):

María Belén Cuadrado-Pedetti ◽

Inés Rauschert ◽

María Martha Sainz ◽

Vítor Amorim-Silva ◽

Miguel Angel Botella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Stress ◽

Root Growth ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Primary Root ◽

Stress Adaptation ◽

Elongation Zone ◽

Cortical Cells ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

The Mean

Mutations in the Arabidopsis TETRATRICOPEPTIDE THIOREDOXIN-LIKE 1 (TTL1) gene cause reduced tolerance to osmotic stress evidenced by an arrest in root growth and root swelling, which makes it an interesting model to explore how root growth is controlled under stress conditions. We found that osmotic stress reduced the growth rate of the primary root by inhibiting the cell elongation in the elongation zone followed by a reduction in the number of cortical cells in the proximal meristem. We then studied the stiffness of epidermal cell walls in the root elongation zone of ttl1 mutants under osmotic stress using atomic force microscopy. In plants grown in control conditions, the mean apparent elastic modulus was 448% higher for live Col-0 cell walls than for ttl1 (88.1 ± 2.8 vs. 16.08 ± 6.9 kPa). Seven days of osmotic stress caused an increase in the stiffness in the cell wall of the cells from the elongation zone of 87% and 84% for Col-0 and ttl1, respectively. These findings suggest that TTL1 may play a role controlling cell expansion orientation during root growth, necessary for osmotic stress adaptation.

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