scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENERGY AUDIT WORKING PROCEDURE FOR AN ACADEMIC UNIVERSITY OFFICE BUILDING IN THE PHILIPPINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Maxine Chan ◽  
Emmanuel Arriola ◽  
Reynaldo Cuevas III ◽  
Joseph Gerard Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Total Power Consumption

The Philippine commercial building sector accounts for roughly 10% of the total electricity power consumption. For this research, an energy audit was conducted in an academic office building of a Philippine university. The study focused on eight representative offices within the building to serve as pilot facilities for this research. The study evaluated the performance of existing lighting fixtures to attain the minimum acceptable standard of 300 lux for offices as well as the performance of existing air conditioning units to achieve a recommended room temperature of 24 Celsius. From the results, it is evident that the air conditioning unit makes up majority of energy use in almost all offices, with an average of 63% of total power consumption, followed by lights with 23% and plug-in loads with 14%. For maximum lux values with minimal energy consumption, the use of LED lights is recommended while for temperature, the use of inverter technology is encouraged for long term energy savings.

scholarly journals Realizing Energy Savings in Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangliang Jin ◽  
Chaoyong Zhang ◽  
Xinjiang Fei
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Memetic Algorithm ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Total Power Consumption ◽  
Makespan Criterion

The integration of scheduling and process planning can eliminate resource conflicts and hence improve the performance of a manufacturing system. However, the focus of most existing works is mainly on the optimization techniques to improve the makespan criterion instead of more efficient uses of energy. In fact, with a deteriorating global climate caused by massive coal-fired power consumption, carbon emission reduction in the manufacturing sector is becoming increasingly imperative. To ease the environmental burden caused by energy consumption, e.g., coal-fired power consumption in use of machine tools, this research considers both makespan as well as environmental performance criteria, e.g., total power consumption, in integrated process planning and scheduling using a novel multi-objective memetic algorithm to facilitate a potential amount of energy savings; this can be realized through a better use of resources with more efficient scheduling schemes. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model based on the network graph is formulated with both makespan as well as total power consumption criteria. Due to the complexity of the problem, a multi-objective memetic algorithm with variable neighborhood search (VNS) technique is then developed for this problem. The Kim’s benchmark instances are employed to test the proposed algorithm. Moreover, the TOPSIS decision method is used to determine the most satisfactory non-dominated solution. Several scenarios are considered to simulate different machine automation levels and different machine workload levels. Computational results show that the proposed algorithm can strike a balance between the makespan criterion and the total power consumption criterion, and the total power consumption can be affected by machine tools with different automation levels and different workloads. More importantly, results also show that energy saving can be realized by completing machining as early as possible on a machine tool and taking advantage of machine flexibility.

scholarly journals Efficient Operation Method of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System Using Demand Response

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3129
Author(s):  
Jewon Oh ◽  
Daisuke Sumiyoshi ◽  
Masatoshi Nishioka ◽  
Hyunbae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Operation Method ◽  
Total Power Consumption

The mass introduction of renewable energy is essential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. We examined an operation method that combines the surplus energy of photovoltaic power generation using demand response (DR), which recognizes the balance between power supply and demand, with an aquifer heat storage system. In the case that predicts the occurrence of DR and performs DR storage and heat dissipation operation, the result was an operation that can suppress daytime power consumption without increasing total power consumption. Case 1-2, which performs nighttime heat storage operation for about 6 h, has become an operation that suppresses daytime power consumption by more than 60%. Furthermore, the increase in total power consumption was suppressed by combining DR heat storage operation. The long night heat storage operation did not use up the heat storage amount. Therefore, it is recommended to the heat storage operation at night as much as possible before DR occurs. In the target area of this study, the underground temperature was 19.1 °C, the room temperature during cooling was about 25 °C and groundwater could be used as the heat source. The aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system in this study uses three wells, and consists of a well that pumps groundwater, a heat storage well that stores heat and a well that used heat and then returns it. Care must be taken using such an operation method depending on the layer configuration.

scholarly journals AUDIT ENERGI PADA SEBUAH HOTEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Didik Ariwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Pumping System

Didik Ariwibowo, in this paper explain that energy audit activities conducted through several phases, namely: the initial audit, detailed audit, analysis of energy savings opportunities, and the proposed energy savings. Total energy consumed consists of electrical energy, fuel, and materials in this case is water. Electrical energy consumption data obtained from payment of electricity accounts for a year while consumption of fuel and water obtained from the payment of material procurement. From the calculation data, IKE hotels accounted for 420.867 kWh/m2.tahun, while the IKE standards for the hotel is 300 kWh/m2.tahun. Thus, IKE hotel included categorized wasteful in energy usage. The largest energy consumption on electric energy consumption. Largest electric energy consumption is on the air conditioning (AC-air conditioning) that is equal to 71.3%, and lighting and electrical equipment at 27.28%, and hot water supply system by 4.44%. Electrical energy consumption in AC looks very big. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the statutes, the profile of energy use by air conditioning at the hotel by 48.5%. With these considerations in the AC target for audit detail as the next phase of activity. The results of a detailed audit analysis to find an air conditioning system energy savings opportunities in pumping systems. Recommendations on these savings is the integration of automation on the pumping system and fan coil units (FCU). The principle of energy conservation in the pumping system is by installing variable speed drives (VSD) pump drive motor to adjust speed according to load on the FCU. Load variations FCU provide input on the VSD pumps to match. Adaptation is predicted pump can save electricity consumption up to 65.7%. Keywords: energy audit, IKE, AC

scholarly journals A Novel Differential Log-Companding Amplifier for Biosignal Sensing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zigang Dong ◽  
Xiaolin Zhou ◽  
Yuanting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Nonlinear Function ◽  
New Method ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Output Current ◽  
Current Range ◽  
Symmetrical Configuration ◽  
Total Power Consumption

We proposed a new method for designing the CMOS differential log-companding amplifier which achieves significant improvements in linearity, common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), and output range. With the new nonlinear function used in the log-companding technology, this proposed amplifier has a very small total harmonic distortion (THD) and simultaneously a wide output current range. Furthermore, a differential structure with conventionally symmetrical configuration has been adopted in this novel method in order to obtain a high CMRR. Because all transistors in this amplifier operate in the weak inversion, the supply voltage and the total power consumption are significantly reduced. The novel log-companding amplifier was designed using a 0.18 μm CMOS technology. Improvements in THD, output current range, noise, and CMRR are verified using simulation data. The proposed amplifier operates from a 0.8 V supply voltage, shows a 6.3 μA maximum output current range, and has a 6 μW power consumption. The THD is less than 0.03%, the CMRR of this circuit is 74 dB, and the input referred current noise density is166.1 fA/Hz. This new method is suitable for biomedical applications such as electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition.

Exergy Analysis of a Novel Cryogenic Concept for the Liquefaction of Natural Gas Integrated Into an Air Separation Process

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tesch ◽  
T. Morosuk ◽  
G. Tsatsaronis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Total Power Consumption ◽  
Liquefaction Temperature

The increasing demand for primary energy leads to a growing market of natural gas and the associated market for liquefied natural gas (LNG) increases, too. The liquefaction of natural gas is an energy- and cost-intensive process. After exploration, natural gas, is pretreated and cooled to the liquefaction temperature of around −160°C. In this paper, a novel concept for the integration of the liquefaction of natural gas into an air separation process is introduced. The system is evaluated from the energetic and exergetic points of view. Additionally, an advanced exergy analysis is conducted. The analysis of the concepts shows the effect of important parameters regarding the maximum amount of liquefiable of natural gas and the total power consumption. Comparing the different cases, the amount of LNG production could be increased by two thirds, while the power consumption is doubled. The results of the exergy analysis show, that the introduction of the liquefaction of natural gas has a positive effect on the exergetic efficiency of a convetional air separation unit, which increases from 38% to 49%.

scholarly journals Optimization of Power Consumption for the Design of 802.11n MIMO_OFDM System

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-184
Author(s):  
Muthna Jasim Fadhil
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Total Power Consumption ◽  
Consumption Energy ◽  
High Reduction

In modern systems communication, different methods have been improved to change the prior imitative techniques that process communication data with high speed. It is necessary to improve (OFDM) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing technique because the development in the guideline communication of wireless system which include security data and transmission data reliability. The applications communications of wireless is important to develop in order to optimize the process of communication leads to reduce the level consumption energy of the output level signal. The architecture of VLSI is used to optimize the performance transceiver in 802.11 n OFDM-MIMO systems, this idea concentrate on the design of 6x6 MIMO_OFDM system in software simulink of MATLAB then using generator system for transfer to code of VHDL and applying in FPGA Xilinx Spartan 3 XC3S200 . The modelsim used to get the simulation while Xilinx power estimator is used to calculate power. The results registered total power consumption about 94mW while compared with previous work  was 136mW which means a high reduction of about 30.8% .

Forecasting Electricity Demand of Shanghai Based on Power Consumption Intensity Decomposition

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2796-2800
Author(s):  
Ying Ling Shi ◽  
Mei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Decomposition Model ◽  
Total Power Consumption ◽  
Consumption Intensity

The paper describes the development of economy and electricity in Shanghai, builds a decomposition model of power consumption intensity, and analyzes the impacts of industrial power consumption intensity and industrial structure for the total power consumption intensity of Shanghai. Finally, the paper uses sub-scenarios to forecast electricity demand of Shanghai during Twelfth Five-Year period. The results show that the decrease of total power consumption intensity is mainly due to the decrease of industrial power consumption intensity, and the optimization of industrial structure has some contributions to the decrease of total power consumption as well.

Construction of a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Weft Guide Bar for a Crochet Knitting Machine

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Beer ◽  
Yves-Simon Gloy ◽  
Mohit Raina ◽  
Thomas Gries
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reduce Power Consumption ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Total Power Consumption ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

The crochet knitting machine is a warp knitting machine with a weft insertion system placed on a weft guide bar. On standard machines, the weft guide bar is made from aluminum and weighs about 570 g. The single-drive motors, which power the bar, account for 15–20% of the machines total power consumption. The aim of this research was to reduce power consumption by decreasing the mass of the weft guide bar. This was done by constructing the bar from carbon fiber reinforced plastics rather than aluminum, resulting in a mass saving of 260 g.

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