scholarly journals Hydrophilicity Enhancement of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporated Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. M. Sabri ◽  
H. Hasbullah ◽  
N. Said ◽  
N. Ibrahim ◽  
R. M. Kasmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Bsa Rejection

Hydrophilicity property of membrane is a crucial feature in preventing fouling by most organic components including proteins. In this work, two different metal oxide nanoparticles were selected and their effects on hydrophilicity of polysulfone (PSf) flat sheet membrane for ultrafiltration were investigated. Addition of copper oxide (CuO) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) of 0.25 wt% concentration in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) were also compared to a neat PSf membrane. The membranes were prepared via dry-wet phase inversion technique with 18 wt% of PSf with 5 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The physical and chemical properties of the prepared membranes were observed by contact angle measurements, porosity, average pore size and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The membranes permeation performance was also examined in term of pure water flux (PWF) and protein rejection by using bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution. Contact angle value of CuO/PSf obtained was 67.1° that was lower than the neat PSf membrane of 87.9° whereas 68.1° for Fe2O3/PSf indicating that metal oxides addition did enhance the membrane hydrophilicity with CuO was slightly better than Fe2O3. The reduction in contact angle ensured that the pure water flux through the membrane with metal oxide additive would improve as well. For CuO, the PWF increased to 159.3 Lm-2hr-1 from 81.3 Lm-2hr-1 of neat PSf, while Fe2O3 showed the PWF at 93.4 Lm-2hr-1. Morphological analyses displayed asymmetric membranes with narrow finger-like structure were formed in this study. A well-formed dense top layer indicated that the membrane would possess good BSA rejection property with 92% of rejection achieved by CuO/PSf membrane. The incorporation of nanoparticles with the membrane is proven to be an effective mean to increase the membrane hydrophilicity with improved water flux and BSA rejection.

scholarly journals The Modification of PVDF Membrane via Crosslinking with Chitosan and Glutaraldehyde as the Crosslinking Agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Romaya Sitha Silitonga ◽  
Nurul Widiastuti ◽  
Juhana Jaafar ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Nidzhom Zainol Abidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
Pvdf Membrane ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Modified Membrane

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has outstanding properties such as high thermal stability, resistance to acid solvents and good mechanical strength. Due to its properties, PVDF is widely used as a membrane matrix. However, PVDF membrane is hydrophobic properties, so as for specific applications, the surface of membrane needs to be modified to become hydrophilic. This research aims to modify PVDF membrane surface with chitosan and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker agent. The FTIR spectra showed that the modified membrane has a peak at 1655 cm-1, indicating the imine group (–N=C)- that was formed due to the crosslink between amine group from chitosan and aldehyde group from glutaraldehyde. Results showed that the contact angle of the modified membrane decreases to 77.22° indicated that the membrane hydrophilic properties (< 90°) were enhanced. Prior to the modification, the contact angle of the PVDF membrane was 90.24°, which shows hydrophobic properties (> 90°). The results of porosity, Ɛ (%) for unmodified PVDF membrane was 55.39%, while the modified PVDF membrane has a porosity of 81.99%. Similarly, by modifying the PVDF membrane, pure water flux increased from 0.9867 L/m2h to 1.1253 L/m2h. The enhancement of porosity and pure water flux for the modified PVDF membrane was due to the improved surface hydrophilicity of PVDF membrane.

scholarly journals Effect of Nanoparticles on Wettability of Nanocoating on Carbon Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Norhasnidawani Johari ◽  
Noor Azlina Hassan ◽  
Norita Hassan ◽  
Mohd Hanafi Ani
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Wetting Ability

Nanocoatings plays an important role in coating industry. The solution was being prepared through copolymerization of epoxy resin hardener and with the incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Silica (SiO2). ZnO and SiO2 were synthesized using sol-gel. Epoxy hardener acted as host while the metal oxide nanoparticles as guest components. The formulation of nanocoatings with excellent adhesion strength and corrosion protection of carbon steel was studied. The performance of wetting ability with different medium was analysed using contact angle. Water medium showed the addition of 3wt% of hybrid between ZnO and SiO2 was the best nanocoating to form hydrophobic surface and was also the best nanocoating surface to form hydrophilic surface with vacuum oil dropping. In oil dropping, the contact angle was smaller than 90° and the water drop tends to spreads on surface.

scholarly journals Antifouling Polyethersulfone-Petrol Soot Nanoparticles Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane for Dye Removal in Wastewater

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Nkechi P. Nwafor ◽  
Richard M. Moutloali ◽  
Keneiloe Sikhwivhilu ◽  
Oluwole B. Familoni ◽  
Luqman A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
Pure Water Flux

Engineered nanoparticles are known to boost membrane performance in membrane technology. Hitherto, tunable properties that lead to improved hydrophilicity due to increased surface oxygen functionalities upon oxidation of petrol soot have not been fully exploited in membrane filtration technology. Herein, the integration of oxidized petrol soot nanoparticles (PSN) into polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes produced via phase inversion technique for dye removal in wastewater is reported. The nanoparticles, as well as the composite membranes, were characterized with diverse physicochemical methods, particularly TEM, SEM, BET, AFM, contact angle, etc. The effect of varying the ratio of PSN (0.05–1.0 wt %) on the properties of the composite membrane was evaluated. The composite membranes displayed increased hydrophilicity, enhanced pure water flux, and antifouling properties relative to the pristine membrane. For example, the obtained pure water flux increased from 130 L·m−2·h−1 for base membrane to 265 L·m−2·h−1 for the best composite membrane (M4). The best flux recovery ratio (FRR) observed for the membranes containing PSN was ca. 80% in contrast to 49% obtained with the pristine membrane indicative of the positive influence of PSN on membrane antifouling behavior. Furthermore, the PSN composite membranes displayed relatively selective anionic dye rejection of ˃95% for Congo red and between 50–71% for methyl orange compared with 42–96% rejection obtained for cationic methylene blue dye with increasing PSN content. The successful fabrication of polyethersulfone–PSN composite membranes by a simple blending process opens a novel route for the preparation of economical, functional, and scalable water purification membranes capable of addressing the complex issue of water remediation of organic azo dyes.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone Based Hollow Fibre Composite Membranes for Water Purification

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Vijesh ◽  
P. C. Shyma ◽  
V. Prakash ◽  
B. Garudachari
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
Pure Water Flux

Nanofiltration membranes are gaining more importance in the field of water treatment especially in desalination plants. Hollow fibre membranes have been preferred over other membrane configurations due to their high membrane surface area to module volume, mechanical property and easy handling. In the present work, we prepared new type of polysulfone (PSf) composite hollow fibre membranes by blending PSf with polyvinylpyrrolidinone-nitrobenzene (PVPD) in different compositions. New membranes were fabricated using wet-jet phase inversion technique. The resultant composite membranes were characterized by various analytical techniques such as water contact angle, SEM, DSC, TG. Pure water flux of the membranes was measured using cross-flow filtration techniques. The study revealed that increased composition of PVPD in casting solution resulted in a highly porous membrane structure and the pure water flux of the membranes increases in the same order.

scholarly journals Fabrication, Optimization, and Performance of a TiO2 Coated Bentonite Membrane for Produced Water Treatment: Effect of Grafting Time

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Mohamad Izrin Mohamad Esham ◽  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

The main problem usually faced by commercial ceramic membranes in the treatment of produced water (PW) is low water flux even though ceramic membrane was well-known with their excellent mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. In the process of minimizing the problem faced by commercial ceramic membranes, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites, which synthesized via a sol-gel method, were deposited on the active layer of the hydrolysed bentonite membrane. This paper studied the influence of grafting time of TiO2 nanocomposite on the properties and performance of the coated bentonite membranes. Several characterizations, which are Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle, porosity, and average pore size, were applied to both pristine and coated bentonite membranes to compare the properties of the membranes. The deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the coated bentonite membranes was successfully confirmed by the characterization results. The pure water flux performance showed an increment from 262.29 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (pristine bentonite membrane) to 337.05 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 30) and 438.33 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 60) as the grafting time increase but when the grafting time reached 90 min (Ti-Ben 90), the pure water flux was decreased to 214.22 L h−1 m−² bar−1 which is lower than the pristine membrane. The oil rejection performance also revealed an increase in the oil rejection performance from 95 to 99%. These findings can be a good example to further studies and exploit the advantages of modified ceramic membranes in PW treatment.

Comparative Study on Effect of PEG and PVP as Additives on Polysulfone (PSF) Membrane Structure and Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Nabilah Aminudin ◽  
Hatijah Basri ◽  
Zawati Harun ◽  
Muhamad Zaini Yunos ◽  
Goh Pei Sean
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Asymmetric Structure ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Flat Sheet Membrane ◽  
Membrane Structure And Performance ◽  
Bsa Rejection

PSf flat sheet membrane was prepared via phase inversion technique with N-methyl-2-pyrroidone (NMP) as solvent. In this study polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) were compared as additives at different composition (0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt%). The structure and morphology of the resulting membranes were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the membranes permeation were evaluated in terms of pure water flux (PWF) and solute rejection. Solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to study the performance of prepared membrane. The addition of the additives into the casting solution changed the structure of the resultant membranes, which was believed to be associated with the change the permeated of water. The results demonstrated that at the same additive content, PSf/PVP membranes had higher PWF at 0.5 wt% and and 5 wt% of additive while PSf/PEG at 1 wt% and 3 wt% of additive. The BSA rejection show no significant changes for PSf/PEG while PSf/PVP, BSA rejection decrease with increase the increasing the PVP. For PEG, additive from 0% to 5%, the PWF increased from 14.73 at to 101.85 LMH. While for PVP, the PWF increased from 21.13 to 177.61 LMH. The membrane morphology showed that all images showed the membranes were having asymmetric structure consisting of a dense top layer, a porous sublayer, and a small portion of sponge-like bottom layer. The top layer of the membrane consist of finger-like structure while at bottom layer  has macrovoid structure. With increasing the additive, the finger-like structure become longer to the bottom  and macrovoid become smaller. The study found that PEG gives the optimum performance based on the result of rejection and flux permeation.

The Effect of Polyethelene Glycol on The Performance of Polysulfone Membrane Blend with Silica From Rice Husk

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Riduan Jamalludin ◽  
Zawati Harun ◽  
Hatijah Basri ◽  
Muhamad Zaini Yunos ◽  
Muhamad Fikri Shohur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Polysulfone Membrane ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Membrane Characterization ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Polyethelene Glycol

In the present work, the effect of rice husk silica (RHS) on the performance of polysulfone (PSf) blended with polyethylene glycol (PEG) membranes were investigated. The hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by phase inversion technique. The membrane performance was analyzed by using pure water flux, humic acid for the rejection test and followed by the membrane characterization. Results showed that PEG increased membrane pure water flux to 621.212 LMH and rejection humic acid at and 98%. The analysis of SEM revealed that PEG obviously changed the microstructure of the membrane especially at the top and sub layer.

Phenolphthalein polyethersulfone bearing carboxyl groups: Synthesis and its separation-membrane applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 095400832095285
Author(s):  
Qifeng Liu ◽  
Yunhui Li ◽  
Honghua Wang ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
Xingdi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Nucleophilic Reaction ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Separation Membrane ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Bsa Rejection

A series of phenolphthalein polyethersulfones, containing varying contents of carboxyl groups, were synthesized via SN2 nucleophilic reaction. Structure of the prepared copolymers was confirmed by 1H NMR and FTIR. The phenolphthalein polyethersulfone comprising carboxyl groups exhibited excellent hydrophilicity and mechanical properties in the fabrication of ultrafiltration membrane. The properties of the membrane were measured using scanning electron microscopy and ultrafiltration membrane evaluator. The membrane showed superior ultrafiltration performance with a pure water flux of 399 (L·m−2·h−1), which was 1.9 times higher than that of the pristine phenolphthalein polyethersulfone. The pure water flux of the membrane with the pore-forming agent Tween 80 was up to 1082 (L·m−2·h−1), and its BSA rejection was up to 97% at 0.1 MPa. This work provided a new resin material with better performance for water treatment membrane.

Poly(lactic acid)/Biodegradable Polymer Blend for The Preparation of Flat-Sheet Membrane

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanungnuch Keawsupsak ◽  
Arisa Jaiyu ◽  
Julaluk Pannoi ◽  
Punthinee Somwongsa ◽  
Nopparat Wanthausk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Bsa Rejection

Biodegradable polymers have been more attractive for membrane materials, especially poly(lactic acid) (PLA) because they degrade in natural environment after use. In this study, the membranes were developed from a polymer blend of PLA and other biodegradable polymers, such as poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(butylene adipate-co-terphthalate) (PBAT) and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). The membranes were formed via nonsolvent induced phase separation process using n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent and water as a nonsolvent. The pure water flux and BSA rejection were tested to determine the filtration performance of membranes. The microstructures and tensile strength of membranes were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and universal testing machine (UTM), respectively. All of membranes appeared finger-like and sponge-like structures in cross-section, and porous structure on surface. PLA/PHBV blend membranes had pure water flux and BSA rejection as high as PLA/PBS and PLA/PBAT blend membranes. The pure water flux and BSA rejection of the blend ratio (PLA/PHBV/NMP) of 15:1:84 were 65 l/m2•h and 79%, respectively.

Hydrophilicity Effect of Rice Husk Silica on Mixed Matrix PSF Membrane Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zawati Harun ◽  
Muhamad Fikri Shohur ◽  
Mohd Riduan Jamalludin ◽  
Muhamad Zaini Yunos ◽  
Hatijah Basri
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membrane ◽  
Mixed Matrix ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique

The effects of two types of additives rice husk silica (RHS) towards membrane hydrophilicity and flux performance were investigated. Different percentages or concentrations of rice husk silica (RHS) additive were used to form a mixed matrix membrane. This flat sheet mixed matrix membrane was prepared via phase inversion technique. The fabricated membrane was characterized by contact angle and surface roughness measurements, whereas the flux permeation was measured using pure water flux. The result demonstrated that the addition both types of rice husk silica have increased the hydrophilicity properties of the mixed matrix membrane. Stronger effect of hydrophilicity is shown upon addition of amorphous rice husk particle where both contact angle and surface roughness were reduced and increased, respectively.   

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