scholarly journals Fabrication, Optimization, and Performance of a TiO2 Coated Bentonite Membrane for Produced Water Treatment: Effect of Grafting Time

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Mohamad Izrin Mohamad Esham ◽  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

The main problem usually faced by commercial ceramic membranes in the treatment of produced water (PW) is low water flux even though ceramic membrane was well-known with their excellent mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. In the process of minimizing the problem faced by commercial ceramic membranes, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites, which synthesized via a sol-gel method, were deposited on the active layer of the hydrolysed bentonite membrane. This paper studied the influence of grafting time of TiO2 nanocomposite on the properties and performance of the coated bentonite membranes. Several characterizations, which are Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), contact angle, porosity, and average pore size, were applied to both pristine and coated bentonite membranes to compare the properties of the membranes. The deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the coated bentonite membranes was successfully confirmed by the characterization results. The pure water flux performance showed an increment from 262.29 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (pristine bentonite membrane) to 337.05 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 30) and 438.33 L h−1 m−² bar−1 (Ti-Ben 60) as the grafting time increase but when the grafting time reached 90 min (Ti-Ben 90), the pure water flux was decreased to 214.22 L h−1 m−² bar−1 which is lower than the pristine membrane. The oil rejection performance also revealed an increase in the oil rejection performance from 95 to 99%. These findings can be a good example to further studies and exploit the advantages of modified ceramic membranes in PW treatment.

Preparation and Characterization of the Tubular Ceramic Membrane of Tin Dioxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 383-386
Author(s):  
Yun Gu ◽  
Juan Lin ◽  
Wei Qing Han ◽  
Xiao Dong Liu ◽  
Lian Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Pure Water Flux

In this work, tin dioxide was chosen to make tubular ceramic membrane. The morphology was characterized by SEM, XRD and Poremaster. The SEM analysis reveals that the distribution of membrane pore is uniform. The average pore size is 2 μm. Pure water flux is 5.26 m3Superscript text•m-2•h-1 at 0.1 Mpa. Porosity of tin dioxide membrane is 40%.

THE FEASIBILITY OF KAOLIN AS MAIN MATERIAL FOR LOW COST POROUS CERAMIC HOLLOW FIBRE MEMBRANE PREPARED USING COMBINED PHASE INVERSION AND SINTERING TECHNIQUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Khadijah Hubadillah ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman ◽  
A. F. Ismail ◽  
Mukhlis A. Rahman ◽  
Juhana Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Hollow Fibre Membrane ◽  
Fibre Membrane ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

Ceramic hollow fibre membrane (CHFM) demonstrated superior characteristics and performance in any separation application. The only problem associated with this kind of technology is the high cost. In order to effectively fabricate and produce low cost porous CHFM, a series of CHFMs made of kaolin were fabricated via combined phase inversion and sintering technique. The CHFMs from kaolin named as kaolin hollow fibre membranes (KHFMs) were studied at different kaolin contents of 35 wt.%, 37.5 wt.% and 40 wt.% sintered at 1200ºC. The result indicated that by varying kaolin contents, different morphologies were obtained due to changes in the viscosity of ceramic suspension containing kaolin. The optimum kaolin content for KHFM was identified. It was found that KHFM prepared at 37.5 wt% has a mechanical strength and pure water flux of A and B respectively.  

Preparation and Performance of Polysulfone Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Dao Bao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

Polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were successfully prepared by dry-wet spinning technology. Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) was used as a solvent, water was used as bore liquid and coagulation bath, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as polymeric additive. The effects of spinning conditions on membrane structures and properties were investigated in present study. The results indicated that with the increase of PVP concentration, pure water flux increased and developed finger-like pores were formed. High coagulation bath temperature restricted pure water flux, 30°C was the best for the preparation of high-performance ultrafiltration membranes. When the air length was 11cm, the membrane comprehensive performance was the best.

Morphology and Properties of a Series of PVDF Blend Membranes

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 1941-1944
Author(s):  
Jiao Jiao Dong ◽  
Yu Feng Zhang ◽  
Dong Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Pvdf Membrane ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pure Pvdf

In this article, a series of the PVDF/PPTA blend membranes with porous structure and excellent performance were successfully prepared by the phase transformation method. The effect of the mass ratio of W(PVDF)/W(PPTA) was systematically investigated.The morphology of the blend membranes were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The permeation performance was characterized by measuring pure water flux. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of membranes were researched. The experiment results confirmed that the blending ratio is a major factor to influence the structure and performance of PVDF/PPTA blend membrane. The blend membranes possess much better permeability than pure PVDF membrane and fairly good the mechanical properties especially for the membrane made by PVDF : PPTA=6 : 1.

Effect of Shear Rate on Characteristics, Performance and Morphology of Polysulfone Blend Membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Asmadi Ali ◽  
Rosli Mohd Yunus ◽  
Mohamad Awang ◽  
Anwar Johari ◽  
Ramli Mat
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Membrane Fabrication ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance

Rheological factor such as shear rate during membrane fabrication process has an effect on properties, structures and performance of membranes. Flat sheet asymmetric PSf/CAP blend membranes were prepared using an automatic casting machine at different shear rates in the range of 42.0 to 201.0 s-1. Results showed that increasing the shear rate from 42.0 to105 s-1 has increased the molecular orientation and thickness which then reduces the water content, porosity and pure water flux of PSf/CAP blend membranes. However, further increasing the shear rate beyond 105 s-1has resulted in an increase in the water content of PSf/CAP blend membranes.

scholarly journals The effect of Merpol surfactant on the morphology and performance of PES/PVP membranes: antibiotic separation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
Maryam Omidvar ◽  
Zahra Hejri ◽  
Ahmad Moarefian
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Pores ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The present study used modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes to remove the emerging contaminant of amoxicillin (AMX) from synthetic wastewater. For this purpose, Merpol surfactant and polyvinylpyrrolidone were added to the casting solutions to prepare flat sheet asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) NF membranes through phase inversion process. Then, the effect of adding Merpol surfactant at different concentrations on the morphology, hydrophilicity, and pure water flux (PWF) of the membranes, as well as the separation of AMX from aqueous solutions was investigated. The characteristics of the prepared membranes were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), contact angle (CA) measurement and performance tests. The obtained results approved the improved hydrophilicity of the PES membranes after adding Merpol surfactant to the casting solution. The findings also revealed a gradual increase in the average size of the membrane pores in sub-layer and thinner top layer, proportional to the increase of surfactant content in the solution. The results also confirmed the increase of PWF under the influence of surfactant increase. As a result, for the membrane containing 8 wt% Merpol additive, the lowest CA (52.08°), the highest PWF (76.31 L/m2 h), and maximum AMX excretion (97%) were achieved.

The Effect of Synthetic Silica on Ultrafiltration PSf Membrane

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zawati Harun ◽  
Mohd Riduan Jamalludin ◽  
Hatijah Basri ◽  
Muhamad Fikri Shohur ◽  
Nurafiqah Rosman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Dope Solution ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Polyethelene Glycol ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

This study investigates the effects of synthetic silica(SiO2)with different weight percentage concentrations on the morphology and performance of the polysulfone (PSf) and polyethelene glycol (PEG) based membrane ultrafiltration (UF). Phase inversion method was used to prepare PSf/PEG ultrafiltration (UF) flatsheet membrane. SiO2 and N-Methyl 2 Pyrrolidone (NMP) were used as an additive and solvent respectively. The fabricated membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the performances of the membranes were measured in term of pure water flux by using distilled water and solute rejection at different wastewater concentration at 50%, 75% and 87.5%. The result showed that the addition of 2% silica in the dope solution increased the permeation in terms pure water flux and the best rejection with 62 Lm-2 h-1 and 89% (at 87.5 % waste water dilution) respectively

scholarly journals Hydrophilicity Enhancement of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporated Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. M. Sabri ◽  
H. Hasbullah ◽  
N. Said ◽  
N. Ibrahim ◽  
R. M. Kasmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
Bsa Rejection

Hydrophilicity property of membrane is a crucial feature in preventing fouling by most organic components including proteins. In this work, two different metal oxide nanoparticles were selected and their effects on hydrophilicity of polysulfone (PSf) flat sheet membrane for ultrafiltration were investigated. Addition of copper oxide (CuO) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) of 0.25 wt% concentration in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) were also compared to a neat PSf membrane. The membranes were prepared via dry-wet phase inversion technique with 18 wt% of PSf with 5 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The physical and chemical properties of the prepared membranes were observed by contact angle measurements, porosity, average pore size and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The membranes permeation performance was also examined in term of pure water flux (PWF) and protein rejection by using bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution. Contact angle value of CuO/PSf obtained was 67.1° that was lower than the neat PSf membrane of 87.9° whereas 68.1° for Fe2O3/PSf indicating that metal oxides addition did enhance the membrane hydrophilicity with CuO was slightly better than Fe2O3. The reduction in contact angle ensured that the pure water flux through the membrane with metal oxide additive would improve as well. For CuO, the PWF increased to 159.3 Lm-2hr-1 from 81.3 Lm-2hr-1 of neat PSf, while Fe2O3 showed the PWF at 93.4 Lm-2hr-1. Morphological analyses displayed asymmetric membranes with narrow finger-like structure were formed in this study. A well-formed dense top layer indicated that the membrane would possess good BSA rejection property with 92% of rejection achieved by CuO/PSf membrane. The incorporation of nanoparticles with the membrane is proven to be an effective mean to increase the membrane hydrophilicity with improved water flux and BSA rejection.

scholarly journals Study of Ceramic Membrane from Naturally Occurring-Kaolin Clays for Microfiltration Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Bouzid Rekik ◽  
Jamel Bouaziz ◽  
Andre Deratani ◽  
Semia Beklouti
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Kaolin Clays

The focus of this work is to assess the quality of porous membranes prepared from naturally occurring kaolin clays and to evaluate the performance of tubular ceramic membranes treating integrated raw effluents from seafood industry. This material has been chosen due to its natural abundance, its non-toxicity, low cost and its valuable properties. The preparation and characterization of porous tubular ceramic membranes, using kaolin powder with and without corn starch as poreforming agent, were reported. SEM photographs indicated that the membrane surface was homogeneous. The effects of material compositions, additives and the relatively lower sintering temperature, ranging from 1100° to 1250°C, on porosity, average pore size, pore-size distribution and mechanical strength of membranes have been investigated. A correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties of membranes has been discussed. The performance of the novel ceramic membranes thus obtained was determined by evaluating both the water permeability and rejection. The obtained membrane was used to treat cuttlefish effluents generated from the conditioning seawater product industry which consumes a great amount of water. Cross-flow microfiltration was performed then, in order to reduce the turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). 

Effect of Additives in the Casting Solutions on the Morphology and Performance of PVDF Membranes

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1412-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Xin Ma ◽  
Feng Mei Shi ◽  
Miao Nan Wu ◽  
Jun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Inversion Process ◽  
Pvdf Membrane ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Effect Of Additives ◽  
Pure Water Flux ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Phase Inversion Process

Porous asymmetric PVDF membranes were prepared by the phase inversion process induced by a nonsolvent. The effect of pore-forming hydrophilic additives on the membrane morphology and transport properties was investigated. It was found that membranes prepared with hydrophilic polymer additives can offer higher pure water flux, higher porosity and lower pepsin rejection. PEG 10 000 can be used as a good pore forming additive to prepare PVDF membrane with higher pure water flux and relatively high pepsin rejection.

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