scholarly journals Catalogue of alien animal species in the Czech Republic

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Šefrová ◽  
Zdeněk Laštůvka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stored Product Pest ◽  
Invasive Status

The catalogue of alien animal species registered in the Czech Republic, with data on their origin, date on the first observation, way of introduction (accidental, deliberate, spontaneous), invasive status (casual, non-invasive, post-invasive, invasive), habitat (eusynanthropic, urban, agricultural, natural), trophic requirements and possible influences (plant or stored-product pest, biodiversity influence). In total 595 species are listed, i.e. 1.8% of the fauna of this country; of these, 22 species of molluscs (8.8% of the local fauna), 451 spp. of arthropods (1.5%), 383 spp. of insects (1.4%), and 55 spp. of vertebrates (9.2%). Among the registered species, 248 spp. (41.8%) are confined to closed and heated spaces by their occurrence, and 287 spp. have become naturalized (48.2%). Of these 113 spp. are considered invasive (19% of alien spp.). 65 spp. (10.9% of aliens) are pests of stored products, 84 spp. (14.1%) are parasites of important animals, 53 spp. (8.9%) are pests of plants grown in heated rooms (above all, glasshouses), 28 ssp. (4.7%) are agricultural or forest pests, and 39 spp. (6.6%) may influence local biodiversity. The origin of the naturalized alien species is mostly in North America (70; 24.4%), the Mediterranean (61; 21.3%), E Asia (44; 15.4%), Central and SW Asia (43; 15%), and S or SE Asia (30; 10.5%).

scholarly journals Extremely low infection levels of pathogens and nematodes in Trypodendron spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Rudolf Wegensteiner ◽  
Karolina Lukášová ◽  
Hana Vanická ◽  
Soňa Zimová ◽  
Magdalena Kacprzyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Palearctic Region ◽  
Midgut Lumen

Abstract The striped ambrosia beetles Trypodendron lineatum and T. domesticum are timber forest pests in the Palearctic region and North America. Because only a few pathogens are known for Trypodendron species, the aim of this work was to determine the spectrum of pathogen species of T. lineatum, T. laeve, and T. domesticum. Trypodendron species were collected in pheromone traps at nine localities in the Czech Republic, five localities in Poland, and one locality in Austria. In total, 2,439 T. lineatum, 171 T. domesticum, and 17 T. laeve beetles were dissected and examined. Infection was found in only two of the 17 specimens of T. laeve and in only two of the 171 specimens of T. domesticum; in all four cases, the parasites were nematodes. Parasitisation of T. lineatum by nematodes was found in T. lineatum at eight localities with a mean (± SE) parasitisation level of 8.1 ± 4.7%. A Chytridiopsis sp. was detected in cells of the midgut epithelium of one T. lineatum specimen, and Gregarina sp. was detected in the midgut lumen of two T. lineatum specimens; no other pathogens were found in T. lineatum. The low infection rates and the tendency for infection by nematodes can be explained by the monogamy of Trypodendron spp. and their feeding on fungi in short galleries that are not connected to the galleries of conspecifics.

scholarly journals Introduced and invasive insect species in the Czech Republic and their economic and ecological impact (Insecta)

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Šefrová
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alien Insect ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

A total of 383 alien insect species were registered in the Czech Republic, which represents 1.4% of local fauna. The most numerous taxonomic groups are Homoptera (116 species, 30.3%), Coleoptera (110; 28.7%) and Lepidoptera (37; 9.7%). The occurrence of 200 species (52.2%) are limited to closed heated spaces, casual aliens (28; 7.3%) infiltrate the outdoor environment for a short term only, 36 (9.4%) naturalized non-invasive species do not spread from the location of introduction, 50 (13.1%) species are post-invasive and 69 (18.0%) invasive. From the species registered, 61 (15.9%) are stored product pests (especially Coleoptera 36 species, Psocoptera 11, and Lepidoptera 9), 50 (13.1%) are plant pests indoors (especially Coccinea 33 species, Aphidinea 7, and Thysanoptera 6), 25 (i.e. 6.5% of aliens) are pests in agriculture, forestry, and in ornamental cultures, 15 species (3.9%) are important animal parasites, and 5 species (1.3%) can affect biodiversity. Of the remaining 227 species (59.3%), no economic or ecological effects were found. The origin of most of the species living eusynanthropically is in the tropics and subtropics; of the 155 naturalized (non-invasive, post-invasive, and invasive) species, 42 (27.1%) originate from the Mediterranean, 36 (23.2%) from North America, 28 (18.1%) from Central to Southwest Asia, 14 (9.0%) from East Asia, 13 (8.4%) from South and Southeast Asia, with the remaining 22 species (14.2%) coming from other areas.

scholarly journals Cognettia sphagnetorum (Vejdovský, 1878) (Annelida, Clitellata, Enchytraeidae) in North America, confirmed with molecular support

Check List ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-983
Author(s):  
Will K. Reeves ◽  
Jeremy R. Shaw ◽  
Mark J. Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Western Washington ◽  
Cognettia Sphagnetorum

Cognettia sphagnetorum (Vejdovský, 1878), a common inhabitant of forest soils and bogs in northern Europe, is a model organism in soil biology. We report the first documented occurrence of C. sphagnetorum in North America, based on DNA sequencing from a Sphagnum bog in western Washington, USA. Sequences were identical to that of worms from Sweden and the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals First records of Leptoglossus occidentalisdemann, 1910 (Heteroptera: Pentatomorpha: Coreidae) in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Beránek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Coniferous Trees ◽  
Leptoglossus Occidentalis ◽  
Alien Insect ◽  
First Time

In the autumn of 2006 and summer 2007 the coreid species <I>Leptoglossus occidentalis</I> Heidemann, 1910 was detected in the Czech Republic for the first time as a new alien insect species. It is native to North America, where it causes important seed losses on coniferous trees, especially pines. From Europe it is known since the end of the last century, when it was introduced to Italy. Its repeated finding could indicate a vital population of this species in the Czech Republic, not only introduced individuals.

scholarly journals Contribution to identify the causal gents of Dutch elm disease in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dvořák ◽  
M. Tomšovský ◽  
L. Jankovský ◽  
D. Novotný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Ophiostoma Ulmi ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Subspecies Level ◽  
First Time

This study provides new data on Dutch elm disease in the Czech Republic. <I>Ophiostoma novo-ulmi</I> is reported for the first time in the area of the Czech Republic, as well as both subspecies ssp. <I>novo-ulmi</I> (indigenous in the area of the Ukraine and Moldavia), and ssp. <I>Americana</I> indigenous in North America. The majority of the recorded strains belonged to <I>O. n.-u.</I> ssp. <I>novo-ulmi</I>, while <I>O. n.-u.</I> ssp. <I>Americana</I> and hybrids of these two subspecies were found less frequently. On the other hand, <I>Ophiostoma ulmi</I> was not found at all in the investigated samples. Identification on the subspecies level was performed by methods of molecular biology, i.e. PCR and RFLP of gene regions<I> cu</I> and <I>col1</I>.

scholarly journals Ancient Coppice Woodlands in the Landscape of the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-646
Author(s):  
Antonín Buček ◽  
Linda Černušáková ◽  
Michal Friedl ◽  
Martin Machala ◽  
Petr Maděra
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
The Czech Republic

Abstract Ancient coppice woodlands are forest stands of coppice origin with a long-term continual development and preserved typical natural and historic elements of old coppices. Significant natural elements in ancient coppices include polycormons of coppice shoots, pollard trees, trees with holes, dendrotelms, reserved trees, ecotones, glades and significant plant and animal species. Significant historic elements of localities with ancient coppices include archaeological monuments, boundary ditches and walls, boundary stones, boundary trees, myths and legends, sacral objects, old roads and paths, technical objects and plough land remainders. The paper presents differentiation of assumptions for the occurrence of ancient coppices in the territory of the Czech Republic using the COPF coefficient and examples of results from basic regional inventory (Kuřim region) and detailed local survey (locality Lebeďák) of coppice-originated forests. The extinction of the phenomenon of ancient coppice woodlands would mean irreparable impoverishment of the natural and cultural heritage.

scholarly journals An Assortment of Woody Plants Produced in the Manor of Nové Dvory at the Turn of the 18th and 19th Centuries: North American Taxa

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 981-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Pejchal ◽  
Lukáš Štefl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Current Concept ◽  
The Czech Republic

The noble family of Chotek began with the realization of extensive landscaping in their manor of Nové Dvory at the end of the 18th century. Lists of woody plants produced for these purposes and for sale were preserved from the years 1794, 1800 and 1814. 276 taxa of foreign woody plants in the current concept, permanently cultivated outdoors, have been identified in all three lists at least to the level of the species. 91 taxa come from North America, with 81 being the first documented place of their presence in the territory of the Czech Republic. All North American taxa are natural, none of them originated in culture.

scholarly journals First records of the rhododendron leafhopper (Graphocephala fennahi) (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) from the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Špryňar
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
City Area ◽  
Alien Insect ◽  
First Time

In summer and autumn of 2004 the cicadellid leafhopper species Graphocephala fennahi was detected in the Czech Republic for the first time as a new alien insect species feeding on Rhododendron. The species is native to North America and was introduced in the 1930’s to Great Britain and in the 1970’s to continental Europe, where its invasion and relationship to the rhododendron bud blast disease have been studied in detail. At present, the Czech populations of G. fennahi appear to be restricted to the Prague city area and near surroundings, but further spread of G. fennahi can be expected.

Trametes gibbosa (Basidiomycetes, Polyporales) in the USA and Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kout ◽  
J. Vlasák
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
North American ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time

The polypore Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fries, common in Europe and Asia, is reported from eastern North America for the first time. Single basidiospore cultures from Pennsylvania, United States, and Quebec, Canada, were paired with each other and with cultures from the Czech Republic. The North American intercollection crosses were 60% compatible and 100% compatible with the Czech cultures. All the crosses among the Czech cultures were 100% compatible. The recent introduction of T. gibbosa to North America is suggested as a possible explanation for the limited number of mating-type alleles and subsequent incompatibility among the North American cultures.

Lecanora stanislai, a new, sterile, usnic acid containing lichen species from Eurasia and North America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 329 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEATA GUZOW-KRZEMIŃSKA ◽  
ANNA ŁUBEK ◽  
JIŘÍ MALÍČEK ◽  
TOR TØNSBERG ◽  
MAGDALENA OSET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Continuous Layer ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis ◽  
First Time

Lecanora stainislai is characterized by a very thin sorediate thallus, forming a more or less continuous layer of soredia and by the production of usnic acid and zeorin. It usually grows on smooth bark of trees in forests and is known from the Czech Republic, Norway, Poland, Russia, Ukraine and western North America (Canada, USA). It is chemically similar to the sorediate L. compallens, which however has an episubstratal thallus in non-sorediate parts and often delimited soralia. They have also different phylogenetic positions within the L. symmicta group. Moreover, based on molecular marker analysis the position of L. expallens is resolved within this group for the first time.

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