Shape and strength of Red Haven peaches at the different stages of their maturity

Global shape of the peaches of theRed Havenvariety (harvested on different days during July, 2007) has been characterized by calculating theH/Ds,H/Dc andDc/Ds ratios. There is no, or nearly no, differences between peaches harvested at the different days. The shape of the all tested peaches was very close to round one. The more detailed description of the peach shape is based on the Elliptic Fourier analysis (EFDs) of the digital photos. The knowledge of the parameters (curvature etc.) is very useful e.g. for the evaluation of the results of the strength tests. Compression tests have been also perforemd – the whole peaches have been compressed between two plates at the constant cross–head velocity 20 mm/min. The force–displacement curves are characterised by certain monotonic increase and the point called bioyield, where force exhibits a drop. The bioyield significantly decreases with the date of the harvesting. There is no evidence of the dependence of this parameter on the direction of loading. The same result is approximatively valid for apparent modulus of elasticityE. The force–displacement curves have been successfully modelled by non-linear mathematical models.

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Shaping Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Carbon Bainitic Steel in Hot-Rolling and Long-Term Low-Temperature Annealing

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14020384 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 384

Author(s):

Tomasz Dembiczak ◽

Marcin Knapiński

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Models ◽

Hot Rolling ◽

Constitutive Equations ◽

Rolling Process ◽

Bainitic Steel ◽

Compression Tests ◽

High Carbon ◽

Bainite Steel ◽

Dilatometric Studies

Based on the research results, coefficients in constitutive equations, describing the kinetics of dynamic, meta-dynamic, and static recrystallization in high-carbon bainitic steel during hot deformation were determined. The developed mathematical model takes into account the dependence of the changing kinetics in the structural size of the preliminary austenite grains, the value of strain, strain rate, temperature, and time. Physical simulations were carried out on rectangular specimens. Compression tests with a flat state of deformation were carried out using a Gleeble 3800. Based on dilatometric studies, coefficients were determined in constitutive equations, describing the grain growth of the austenite of high-carbon bainite steel under isothermal annealing conditions. The aim of the research was to verify the developed mathematical models in semi-industrial conditions during the hot-rolling process of high-carbon bainite steel. Analysis of the semi-industrial studies of the hot-rolling and long-term annealing process confirmed the correctness of the predicted mathematical models describing the microstructure evolution.

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APPARENT MODULUS OF ELASTICITY FROM FIRMTECH 2 FIRMNESS MEASUREMENTS OF BLUEBERRIES

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/2013.20219 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 113-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. E. Prussia ◽

M. K. Tetteh ◽

B. P. Verma ◽

D. S. NeSmith

Keyword(s):

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Apparent Modulus

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Foot asymmetry in healthy adults: Elliptic fourier analysis of standardized footprints

Journal of Orthopaedic Research® ◽

10.1002/jor.1100160619 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 758-765 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Chiarella Sforza ◽

Giovanni Michielon ◽

Nicola Fragnito ◽

Virgilio F. Ferrario

Keyword(s):

Fourier Analysis ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Elliptic Fourier Analysis ◽

Foot Asymmetry

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Description and Quantification of Sexual Dimorphism of Pubic Body Shape in Hispanic Populations Using Elliptic Fourier Analysis

Forensic Anthropology ◽

10.5744/fa.2020.0017 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erica Cantor ◽

Krista Latham ◽

Stephen Nawrocki

Keyword(s):

Fourier Analysis ◽

North American ◽

Principal Component ◽

Pubic Bone ◽

Biological Traits ◽

Sex Estimation ◽

Age At Death ◽

Elliptic Fourier Analysis ◽

Hispanic Populations ◽

Effective Principal

Sex estimation is important in the creation of a biological profile for unidentified human remains, as positive identification cannot occur until the decedent’s biological traits have been determined and the range of possible matches has been narrowed. The pubic bone is cited as one of the best indicators of sex due to the constraints of childbirth. Current methods that use the pubic bone for sex estimation, however, rely on poorly defined and subjective observations that are susceptible to inter-and intraobserver error. Additionally, many of the methods currently in use are based on North American populations and thus may not necessarily model the variation seen in other populations around the globe. The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of variation in pubic bone shape in Hispanic populations by separating the influences of sex, ancestry, and age at death. A total of 164 pubic bones from North American Hispanic and Chilean individuals were compared to 287 pubic bones from individuals of Euro-American ancestry from North American collections, using Elliptic Fourier analysis (EFA) of photographs, principal component analysis, and ANCOVA. EFA generated five effective principal components that collectively describe approximately 95% of the variation in the shape of the pubic body. Sex, age at death, and ancestry were all found to significantly influence shape but explained only 25% of the overall variation. The remaining 75% is likely influenced by variables that cannot be controlled for in anthropological analysis, underscoring how little variance in skeletal morphology is actually explainable.

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Describing shell shapes of Venerid bivalves using elliptic fourier analysis

International Journal of Biosciences (IJB) ◽

10.12692/ijb/12.1.82-89 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 82-89

Keyword(s):

Fourier Analysis ◽

Elliptic Fourier Analysis

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Shape difference of mud clasts depending on depositional facies: application of newly modified elliptic Fourier analysis to hybrid event beds

Journal of Sedimentary Research ◽

10.2110/jsr.2020.67 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (10) ◽

pp. 1410-1435

Author(s):

Sojiro Fukuda ◽

Hajime Naruse

Keyword(s):

Fourier Analysis ◽

Shape Analysis ◽

Transport Processes ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Shape Parameters ◽

Elliptic Fourier Analysis ◽

Depositional Facies ◽

Size And Shape ◽

Muddy Sediments ◽

Hybrid Event

ABSTRACT Hybrid event beds are the deposits from sediment gravity flows that change their rheological behavior through their passage, entraining muddy sediments and damping turbulence. Muddy facies of hybrid event beds are often associated with abundant mud clasts which show a wide variety of size and shape. The variation of clast occurrence in hybrid event beds is expected to preserve the information of entrainment and transport processes of muddy sediments in submarine density currents. However, previous analyses of hybrid event beds have focused on describing the overall clast occurrence rather than the statistical size and shape analyses because traditional shape parameters are incapable of characterizing the complex shape of mud clasts. Here, a new quantitative grain-shape analysis of mud clasts is conducted and allows visualization of the spatial variation of clast size and shape, which suggests the wide variety of origin and transport systems of entrained mud clasts. This new method revises the traditional elliptic Fourier analysis, substituting Fourier power spectra (FPS) for traditional elliptic Fourier descriptors to overcome the mirror-wise shape problem. Further, principal-component analysis is shown to capture significant shape attributes more effectively than traditional shape parameters. The proposed method is applied to mud clasts in sediment-gravity-flow deposits in the lower Pleistocene Otadai Formation, central Japan. Results imply that there are distinctive shape and size differences of mud clasts that are strongly associated with depositional facies rather than the distance from the source. The clasts have a higher angularity than other facies in the debrite intervals in hybrid event beds. It is also shown that clasts in sandy, structureless facies have different characteristics in shapes based on elongation and convexity compared to laminated facies. Comparison between different shape-analysis methods demonstrates that none of the traditional methods are able to visualize these trends as effectively as the method presented herein. These results highlight the importance of the quantitative shape analysis of sediment grains and the effectiveness of FPS-based elliptic Fourier analysis.

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Particle Compression Test: A Key Step towards Tailoring of Feedstock Powder for Cold Spraying

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings10050458 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 458 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hamid Assadi ◽

Frank Gärtner

Keyword(s):

Cold Spray ◽

Cold Spraying ◽

Compression Tests ◽

Feedstock Powder ◽

Design And Manufacturing ◽

Present Case Study ◽

Force Displacement ◽

Subsequent Comparison ◽

The Ideal

Cold spray is on the way to becoming a mainstream technology for coating and additive manufacturing processes. While there have been many advances in various aspects of this technology, the question of tailoring the ‘ideal’ feedstock powder for cold spraying has remained open. In particular, the mechanical strength and its dependence on the particle size, which are amongst the most relevant properties of the feedstock powder for cold spraying, are rarely covered when reporting powder specifications. This is mainly because of the lack of standardised methods of characterisation for these specific properties. In the present case study, we demonstrate how compression tests of single Inconel 718 particles by using a modified nanoindenter can address this central question. Data analyses are supported by finite element modelling of particle compression for a range of plastic behaviours. The results of simulation are then stored in the form of a surrogate model for subsequent comparison with the experimental data. Thus, the ultimate tensile strength and the size of the examined particles are calculated directly from the measured force-displacement data. The paper will also discuss how this information can be used to optimise cold spraying, and so, unveils a key step towards the design and manufacturing of cold-spray-specific feedstock powder.

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