A Changing Matrix, 1942–1963

2019 ◽  
pp. 243-264
Author(s):  
Sasha D. Pack
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
Franco Regime ◽  
Northwest Africa ◽  
The World ◽  
Border Conflicts ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
Authoritarian Government ◽  
Southern Border

This chapter analyzes the regional consequences of the advent of American hegemony over the course of two decades. The smuggling and banditry that long characterized the region continued, ultimately undermining the Franco regime’s efforts to manipulate its currency and build an autarkic economy. Spanish attention to the southern border did not flag, however, as the Franco regime believed a strong authoritarian government in Morocco was necessary to prevent the spread of communism into northwest Africa and eventually Europe. This consideration, rather than the maintenance of a formal colonial position, guided Spanish action in Morocco from the middle of the World War II and throughout the decolonization era. Despite border conflicts further to the south, authoritarian Spain worked to support a strong independent Moroccan monarchy under Muhammad V and Hassan II, even when a revived Riffian movement presented Spain with the opportunity to restore a neocolonial foothold there.

Kovner vs. Kovner: “A Parting from the South” vs. “Combat Page”

AJS Review ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-242
Author(s):  
Reuven Shoham
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Long Poem ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
Hebrew Poetry ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Freedom Fighter

The poet Abba Kovner was a partisan and freedom fighter during World War II (1942–1945), made aliyah in 1945, and published his first long poem, ‘Ad lo ’or (“Until There Was No Light”), in 1947. At the outbreak of the Israeli War of Independence he fought on the Egyptian front (1947–48), serving as a cultural officer, or politruk in the Giv'ati Brigade. Preda me-ha-darom (“A Parting from the South”), his second long poem and one of the pivotal works by a modern Hebrew poet, was written against the background of the War of Independence. However, critics have not yet been able to find a fitting place for it in the canon of Hebrew poetry and culture, although several serious attempts have been made. The present study does not refer to every aspect of this complex poem but focuses on one particular point. I contend that “A Parting from the South” implies an attempt by the visionary speaker of the poem to compel the young country, soon after the war, to part from the world of death, from cultic memories of the dead and guilt feelings toward them (the dead in the 1948 war in Israel and the dead in the ghettos of Nazi Europe in World War II). Abba Kovner tries to detach himself, and his readers, from death, to liberate them from the old perspectives.

scholarly journals The Unitarian’s Service Committee Marseille Office and the American networks to aid Spanish refugees. (1940-1943)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 021
Author(s):  
Aurelio Velázquez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
The World ◽  
International Relief

The Unitarian Service Committee was one of the most important US aid agencies involved in assisting refugees in the World War II context. In the article I analyse the origins of its action in Europe, focusing on a practically unknown aspect which as its intervention in favour of Spanish Republicans who had fled from Spain and the threat of Francoism in 1939. The Unitarian Service Committee (USC) began its operations in the spring of 1940 and an office of the Unitarian Service Committee would be established in Marseilles in 1941. From this office active work was focused mainly on medical help for the camp inmates in the south of France. The USC had an aid program dedicated exclusively to the Spanish refugees. This program was supported by funding from another American organization, the Joint Antifascist Refugee Committee closely linked to socialist and communist circles and whose chairman, Edward Barsky, was a former international Brigadier who had participated in the Spanish Civil War. I will analyse the links between these two organizations and their connections with international relief networks.

The Mapping of Canada’s Arctic Islands

1982 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
William C. Wonders
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
The World ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Made In

It is now well established that the Vikings were the first Europeans to explore Canada’s Arctic Islands, but these early travelers left no maps and it was not until the voyage of Marlin Frobisher, in 1576, that the four-century process of mapping this part of the world was begun. The south and east margins of the Islands were explored in the 17th century but a deeper penetration into the central Arctic had to wait for the stronger ships and steam propulsion of the 19th century. During the search for the lost Franklin Expedition of 1845, most of the islands were discovered and explored, except those in the extreme north. The last major pieces in the map were put into place by the Norwegian explorer, Otto Sverdrup, and the Canadian, Vilhjalmur Stefansson. Minor additions and corrections to the map were still being made in the decade following World War II.

THE ROLE AND ROLE OF OIL POLICY IN SAUDI ARABIA IN POST WORLD WAR II ECONOMIC LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Maftuna Sanoqulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oil Policy

This article consists of the politics which connected with oil in Saudi Arabia after the World war II , the relations of economical cooperations on this matter and the place of oil in the history of world economics

A war hero or a Hitler soldier?

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Pavel Gotovetsky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
National Committee ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Third Reich

The article is devoted to the biography of General Pavlo Shandruk, an Ukrainian officer who served as a Polish contract officer in the interwar period and at the beginning of the World War II, and in 1945 became the organizer and commander of the Ukrainian National Army fighting alongside the Third Reich in the last months of the war. The author focuses on the symbolic event of 1961, which was the decoration of General Shandruk with the highest Polish (émigré) military decoration – the Virtuti Militari order, for his heroic military service in 1939. By describing the controversy and emotions among Poles and Ukrainians, which accompanied the award of the former Hitler's soldier, the author tries to answer the question of how the General Shandruk’s activities should be assessed in the perspective of the uneasy Twentieth-Century Polish-Ukrainian relations. Keywords: Pavlo Shandruk, Władysław Anders, Virtuti Militari, Ukrainian National Army, Ukrainian National Committee, contract officer.

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