scholarly journals THE METABOLIC RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IN CHRONIC ALCOHOLICS

1977 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Chalmers ◽  
W. R. Sulaiman ◽  
R. H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

The Metabolic Response to Exercise and Exhaustion in Normal and Growth-Hormone-Deficient Children

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. D. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Serum Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Deficient Subject ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Secondary Rise

The effects of exhausting bicycle exercise at close to maximal work capacity upon circulating levels of hormones and energy substrates in 4 fasting growth-hormone-deficient and 15 fasting healthy subjects (aged 13–18 years) have been studied. As expected, only the healthy subjects showed a rise in plasma growth hormone (GH) levels. In both groups plasma insulin tended to fall, but the decline was more prolonged in the GH-de-ficient group. Plasma Cortisol levels rose in both groups with the exception of one adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-deficient subject. Blood sugar levels were well-maintained in all but this ACTH-deficient subject, whereas both groups showed marked lactate accumulation. Both groups demonstrated an initial fall and then a secondary rise in serum free fatty acid concentrations; however, fatty acid levels were lower in the GH-deficient group and there was no post-exercise overshoot, suggesting a possible reduction in the effectiveness of lipid mobilization.

Muscle metabolism during exercise in young and older untrained and endurance-trained men

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 2125-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Coggan ◽  
A. M. Abduljalil ◽  
S. C. Swanson ◽  
M. S. Earle ◽  
J. W. Farris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Response To Exercise

To examine effects of aging and endurance training on human muscle metabolism during exercise, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to study the metabolic response to exercise in young (21–33 yr) and older (58–68 yr) untrained and endurance-trained men (n = 6/group). Subjects performed graded plantar flexion exercise with the right leg, with metabolic responses measured using a 31P surface coil placed over the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle. Muscle biopsy samples were also obtained for determination of citrate synthase activity. Rate of increase in P(i)-to-phosphocreatine ratio with increasing power output was greater (P < 0.01) in older untrained [0.058 +/- 0.022 (SD) W-1] and trained men (0.042 +/- 0.010 W-1) than in young untrained (0.038 +/- 0.017 W-1) and trained men (0.024 +/- 0.010 W-1). Plantar flexor muscle cross-sectional area and volume (determined using 1H magnetic resonance imaging) were 11–12% (P < 0.05) and 16–18% (P < 0.01) smaller, respectively, in older men. When corrected for this difference in muscle mass, age-related differences in metabolic response to exercise were reduced by approximately 50% but remained significant (P < 0.05). Citrate synthase activity was approximately 20% lower (P < 0.001) in older untrained and trained men than in corresponding young groups and was inversely related to P(i)-phosphocreatine slope (r = -0.63, P < 0.001). Age-related reductions in exercise capacity were associated with an altered muscle metabolic response to exercise, which appeared to be due to smaller muscle mass and lower muscle respiratory capacity of older subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effects of mild hyperinsulinemia on the metabolic response to exercise

Metabolism ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 688-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Martin ◽  
David L. Horwitz ◽  
Malcolm Nattrass ◽  
Jeffrey F. Granger ◽  
Hyman Rochman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

scholarly journals Experience affects exercise-induced changes in catecholamines, glucose, and FFA

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. R169-R173 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Scheurink ◽  
A. B. Steffens ◽  
G. H. Dreteler ◽  
L. Benthem ◽  
R. Bruntink
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
First Time

The interference of the experimental conditions on the exercise-induced alterations in plasma catecholamines, plasma free fatty acids, and glucose and insulin concentrations was investigated in rats. Exercise consisted of strenuous swimming against a countercurrent (0.22 m/s) for 15 min in a pool with water of 33 degrees C. Before, during, and after swimming, blood samples were taken through a permanent heart catheter. The blood component levels in rats that were confronted with exercise for the very first time were compared with the levels in rats that were well accustomed to the exercise conditions. The very first time rats swam caused an enhanced release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla and a reduced output of norepinephrine from the sympathetic nerve endings. Furthermore, in the first time swim group, blood glucose levels were higher and plasma free fatty acid concentrations were lower compared with the well-accustomed animals. There were no differences in plasma insulin concentrations. It is concluded that the experimental conditions may interfere considerably with the hormonal and metabolic response to exercise. Furthermore the results reinforce the idea that the two parts of the sympathoadrenal system are functionally and metabolically dissociated.

The Role of Insulin in the Metabolic Response to Exercise in Diabetic Man

Diabetes ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zinman ◽  
M. Vranic ◽  
A. M. Albisser ◽  
B. S. Leibel ◽  
E. B. Marliss
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

scholarly journals Exercise-induced irisin release as a determinant of the metabolic response to exercise training in obese youth: the EXIT trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. e13539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin R. Blizzard LeBlanc ◽  
Brittany V. Rioux ◽  
Cody Pelech ◽  
Teri L. Moffatt ◽  
Dustin E. Kimber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Obese Youth ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Response To Exercise

scholarly journals Metabolic and endocrine response to exercise: sympathoadrenal integration with skeletal muscle

2014 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. R79-R95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Ball
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Substrate Availability ◽  
Sympathoadrenal System ◽  
Endocrine Response ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Response To Exercise

Skeletal muscle has the capacity to increase energy turnover by ∼1000 times its resting rate when contracting at the maximum force/power output. Since ATP is not stored in any appreciable quantity, the muscle requires a coordinated metabolic response to maintain an adequate supply of ATP to sustain contractile activity. The integration of intracellular metabolic pathways is dependent upon the cross-bridge cycling rate of myosin and actin, substrate availability and the accumulation of metabolic byproducts, all of which can influence the maintenance of contractile activity or result in the onset of fatigue. In addition, the mobilisation of extracellular substrates is dependent upon the integration of both the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems to coordinate an increase in both carbohydrate and fat availability. The current review examines the evidence for skeletal muscle to generate power over short and long durations and discusses the metabolic response to sustain these processes. The review also considers the endocrine response from the perspective of the sympathoadrenal system to integrate extracellular substrate availability with the increased energy demands made by contracting skeletal muscle. Finally, the review briefly discusses the evidence that muscle acts in an endocrine manner during exercise and what role this might play in mobilising extracellular substrates to augment the effects of the sympathoadrenal system.

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