Advanced Coal-Fired Power Plants

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Electric Power Plants ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Low Emission

The U.S. Department of Energy is partnering with industry to develop advanced coal-fired electric power plants that are substantially cleaner, more efficient, and less costly than current plants. Low-emission boiler systems (LEBS) and high-performance power systems (HIPPS) are based, respectively, on the direct firing of pulverized coal and the indirectly fired combined cycle. LEBS uses a low-NOx slagging combustion system that has been shown in pilot-scale tests to emit less than 86 g/GJ (0.2 lb/106 Btu) of NOx. Additional NOx removal is provided by a moving bed copper oxide flue gas cleanup system, which also removes 97–99 percent of sulfur oxides. Stack levels of NOx can be reduced to below 9 g/GJ (0.02 lb/106 Btu). Construction of an 80 MWe LEBS proof-of-concept plant is scheduled to begin in the spring of 1999. Engineering development of two different HIPPS configurations is continuing. Recent tests of a radiant air heater, a key component of HIPPS, have indicated the soundness of the design for air temperatures to 1150°C. LEBS and HIPPS applications include both new power plants and repowering/upgrading existing plants.

scholarly journals High-Performance Power Systems for the Near-Term and Beyond

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianne M. Klara
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Near Term

Demand for electricity in the United States is expected to grow in the foreseeable future, requiring approximately 200 gigawatts of new generating capacity by 2010. Coal-based power plants built to supply this additional baseload capacity will be required to perform at high thermal efficiency and meet tough environmental regulations, all at competitive electric generating costs. The Department of Energy (DOE) / Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) is managing a program called Combustion 2000 that is aimed at developing technologies that will assure the continued use of coal to meet the Nation’s power generating needs well into the 21st century. The High-Performance Power System (HIPPS) element of Combustion 2000 is based on an indirectly fired combined cycle. By using an indirectly fired gas turbine and a conventional steam cycle, HIPPS cleanly produces electricity from coal at a thermal efficiency that is about one-third higher than that of today’s conventional coal-based power plants. DOE/PETC’s HIPPS program, which is described in this paper, aims to demonstrate a commercial-scale prototype plant by 2004. An engineering analysis was performed to assess the feasibility of accelerating the demonstration of HIPPS by using only those materials available today. Results predict attractive efficiencies and competitive electric generating costs for a near-term design. The feasibility of HIPPS as a repowering option has also been examined. Preliminary projections reveal that added generating capacity and reduced emissions can be accomplished at an increased overall plant efficiency and with the potential to minimize capital expenditure.

Thermo-Economic Assessment Under Electrical Market Uncertainties of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Integrated With a Flue Gas-Condensing Heat Pump

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Vannoni ◽  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Alessandro Sorce
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Abstract Renewable energy penetration is growing, due to the target of greenhouse-gas-emission reduction, even though fossil fuel-based technologies are still necessary in the current energy market scenario to provide reliable back-up power to stabilize the grid. Nevertheless, currently, an investment in such a kind of power plant might not be profitable enough, since some energy policies have led to a general decrease of both the average price of electricity and its variability; moreover, in several countries negative prices are reached on some sunny or windy days. Within this context, Combined Heat and Power systems appear not just as a fuel-efficient way to fulfill local thermal demand, but also as a sustainable way to maintain installed capacity able to support electricity grid reliability. Innovative solutions to increase both the efficiency and flexibility of those power plants, as well as careful evaluations of the economic context, are essential to ensure the sustainability of the economic investment in a fast-paced changing energy field. This study aims to evaluate the economic viability and environmental impact of an integrated solution of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a flue gas condensing heat pump. Considering capital expenditure, heat demand, electricity price and its fluctuations during the whole system life, the sustainability of the investment is evaluated taking into account the uncertainties of economic scenarios and benchmarked against the integration of a cogenerative combined cycle gas turbine power plant with a Heat-Only Boiler.

scholarly journals Advanced Aeroderivative Gas Turbines in Coal-Based High Performance Power Systems (HIPPS)

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Robson ◽  
D. J. Seery
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Near Term

The Department of Energy’s Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC) is sponsoring the Combustion 2000 Program aimed at introducing clean and more efficient advanced technology coal-based power systems in the early 21st century. As part of this program, the United Technologies Research Center has assembled a seven member team to identify and develop the technology for a High Performance Power Systems (HIPPS) that will provide in the near term, 47% efficiency (HHV), and meet emission goals only one-tenth of current New Source Performance Standards for coal-fired power plants. In addition, the team is identifying advanced technologies that could result in HIPPS with efficiencies approaching 55% (HHV). The HIPPS is a combined cycle that uses a coal-fired High Temperature Advanced Furnace (HITAF) to preheat compressor discharge air in both convective and radiant heaters. The heated air is then sent to the gas turbine where additional fuel, either natural gas or distillate, is burned to raise the temperature to the levels of modern gas turbines. Steam is raised in the HITAF and in a Heat Recovery Steam Generator for the steam bottoming cycle. With state-of-the-art frame type gas turbines, the efficiency goal of 47% is met in a system with more than two-thirds of the heat input furnished by coal. By using advanced aeroderivative engine technology, HIPPS in combined-cycle and Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycle configurations could result in efficiencies of over 50% and could approach 55%. The following paper contains descriptions of the HIPPS concept including the HITAF and heat exchangers, and of the various gas turbine configurations. Projections of HIPPS performance, emissions including significant reduction in greenhouse gases are given. Application of HIPPS to repowering is discussed.

Assessment of Humid Air Turbines in Coal-Fired High Performance Power Systems

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianne M. Klara ◽  
Robert M. Enick ◽  
Scott M. Klara ◽  
Lawrence E. Van Bibber
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Net Power Output

The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of incorporating a Humid Air Turbine (HAT) into a coal-based, indirectly fired High Performance Power System (HIPPS). The HIPPS/HAT power plant exhibits a one percentage point greater thermal efficiency than the combined-cycle HIPPS plant. The capital costs for the HIPPS and HIPPS/HAT plants with identical net power output are nearly equivalent at $1380/kW. Levelized cost of electricity (COE) for the same size plants is 5.3 cents/kWh for the HIPPS plant and 5.4 cents/kWh for the HIPPS/HAT plant; the HIPPS/HAT plant improved thermal efficiency is offset by the higher fuel cost associated with a lower coal/natural gas fuel ratio. However, improved environmental performance is associated with the HIPPS/HAT cycle, as evidenced by lower CO2, SO2, and NOx emissions. Considering the uncertainties associated with the performance and cost estimates of the yet unbuilt components, the HIPPS/HAT and HIPPS power plants are presently considered to be comparable alternatives for future power generation technologies. The Department of Energy’s Combustion 2000 Program will provide revised design specifications and more accurate costs for these components allowing more definitive assessments to be performed.

Development of an Indirect Coal-Fired High Performance Power Generation System

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Bannister ◽  
D. J. Amos ◽  
A. J. Scalzo ◽  
S. C. Datsko
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Engineering Development ◽  
Cycle System

The U.S. Department of Energy/Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (DOE/PETC) initiated the Engineering Development of Coal-Fired High Performance Power Generation Systems Program to develop an advanced technology for coal-fired electric plants that can boost efficiency and reduce emissions. This three phase program includes concept definition and preliminary R&D, engineering development and testing which will culminate in the operation of a prototype plant by the year 2005. This paper presents an overview of the work proposed by a Westinghouse-led R&D team which includes Babcock and Wilcox, Black and Veatch, FluiDyne Engineering, and Allegheny Power Systems to design and evaluate the technical and economic feasibility and relevant R&D required for one or more advanced power generation concepts developed during Phase I. Allison Division of General Motors, ERC and SeiTec are also supporting the Westinghouse team in the initial phase of this program. Key objectives include evaluation of plant cycle designs capable of at least 47-percent efficiency, substantial reductions in airborne emissions below current new source performance standards (NSPS) for coal-fired boilers, and solid waste generation of only benign material. The proposed design approach includes an indirect coal-fired combustion turbine combined cycle system which incorporates a high-temperature advanced furnace with ceramic heat exchanger components. The indirect-fired system circumvents some of the technical challenges of a direct coal-fired system (Bannister et al., 1990). Proposed alternative designs have plant efficiencies that range up to 53 percent.

Advanced Technology Biomass-Fueled Combined Cycle

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Liscinsky ◽  
J. J. Sangiovanni ◽  
R. L. Robson ◽  
R. S. Tuthill ◽  
A. G. Foyt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Integrated Gasification

Under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Energy Technology Laboratory, a multidisciplinary team led by the United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) has identified a high performance biomass gasification/combined cycle system using Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) as the major fuel resource. The system consists of fuel receiving/preparation/feed, advanced transport gasifier, high temperature gas cleanup and Pratt & Whitney Power Systems FT8 aero-derivative gas turbine with heat recovery steam generator and steam turbine. One of the team members, Connecticut Resource Recovery Agency (CRRA), currently processes approximately 2200 tons/day of municipal solid waste and delivers 1825 tons/day of RDF “across the fence” to a nominal 65 MWe steam plant. Based on the characteristics of the RDF from this plant, an 80 MWe combined cycle system having an estimated efficiency of 45% (RDF in/kW out) was identified. Other advanced cycle variations had even greater performance potential. The resulting cost of electricity for the biomass integrated gasification combined cycle (BIGCC) is competitive with that of natural gas fueled combined cycles, and the plant is projected to meet or exceed all environmental requirements.

RANCANGAN DASAR GASIFIER BATUBARA SIRKULASI UNGGUN MENGAMBANG UNTUK MEMBANGKITKAN LISTRIK 1 MW

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Soedjoko Tirtosoekotjo ◽  
Bambang Suwondo Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Modification System ◽  
Coal Gasifier ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Cost Development ◽  
Electric Generation ◽  
To Come ◽  
Standard Regulation

There are 3 choices in accommodating power station facility which have beeninstalled to fulfill standard regulation of environmental quality which progressivelytighten. Firstly, facility modification of pulverized–coal fired power plant byapplying a flue–gas desulfurisation technology throw away to cost moneyinstallation of tired which can 20% of total cost development of it. Secondly,modification system of coal fired power generation become natural gas combinedcycle (NGCC) can reach low emission, but fuel cost relatively high, so willinfluence the electricity generating cost. Third, modification system of electricgeneration which have been installed by utilizing a mechanism of coalgasification is most efficient and best alternative to yield an environmentalfriendly of electric generation combined cycle. In this paper, writer try to make abasic design of circulating fluidized–bed coal gasifier using clay catalist relatedon third choice which expected applicable in the next future to come replacepower station system which have ended a period as well as newly even if.Kata Kunci: gasifier batubara unggun mengambang, katalis tanah liat,pembangkit listrik

Investigation of the Down-Scaling Effects on the Low Swirl Burner and its Application to Microturbines

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Frank ◽  
Peter Therkelsen ◽  
Miguel Sierra Aznar ◽  
Vi H. Rapp ◽  
Robert K. Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Scaling Effects ◽  
Swirl Burner

About 75% of the electric power generated by centralized power plants feeds the energy needs from the residential and commercial sectors. These power plants waste about 67% of primary energy as heat emitting 2 billion tons of CO2 per year in the process (∼ 38% of total US CO2 generated per year) [1]. A study conducted by the United States Department of Energy indicated that developing small-scale combined heat and power systems to serve the commercial and residential sectors could have a significant impact on both energy savings and CO2 emissions. However, systems of this scale historically suffer from low efficiencies for a variety of reasons. From a combustion perspective, at these small scales, few systems can achieve the balance between low emissions and high efficiencies due in part to the increasing sensitivity of the system to hydrodynamic and heat transfer effects. Addressing the hydrodynamic impact, the effects of downscaling on the flowfield evolution were studied on the low swirl burner (LSB) to understand if it could be adapted to systems at smaller scales. Utilizing particle image velocimetry (PIV), three different swirlers were studied ranging from 12 mm to 25.4 mm representing an output range of less than 1 kW to over 23 kW. Results have shown that the small-scale burners tested exhibited similar flowfield characteristics to their larger-scale counterparts in the non-reacting cases studied. Utilizing this data, as a proof of concept, a 14 mm diameter LSB with an output of 3.33 kW was developed for use in microturbine operating on a recuperated Brayton cycle. Emissions results from this burner proved the feasibility of the system at sufficiently lean mixtures. Furthermore, integration of the newly developed LSB into a can style combustor for a microturbine application was successfully completed and comfortably meet the stringent emissions targets. While the analysis of the non-reacting cases was successful, the reacting cases were less conclusive and further investigation is required to gain an understanding of the flowfield evolution which is the subject of future work.

scholarly journals Study on SO3 Cooperative Removal Effect of Ultra-low Emission Technology in Coal-fired Power Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Yang ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
XingLian Ye ◽  
WeiXiang Chen ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitators

SO3 is one of the main precursors of atmospheric PM2.5, and its emission has attracted more and more attention in the industry. This paper briefly analyzes the harm of SO3 and the method of controlled condensation to test SO3. The effect of cooperative removal of SO3 by ultra-low emission technology in some coal-fired power plants has been tested by using the method of controlled condensation. The results show that the cooperative removal of SO3 by ultra-low emission technology in coal-fired power plants is effective. The removal rate of SO3 by low-low temperature electrostatic precipitators and electrostatic-fabric integrated precipitators can be exceeded 80%, while the removal rate of SO3 by wet flue gas desulfurization equipment displays lower than the above two facilities, and the wet electrostatic precipitator shows a better removal effect on SO3. With the use of ultra-low emission technology in coal-fired power plants, the SO3 emission concentration of the tail chimney reaches less than 1 mg / Nm3.

New Free-Piston Topping Cycle for Gas-Turbine Power Plants

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Kopko ◽  
John S. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Piston Engine ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Free Piston Engine ◽  
Topping Cycle

A proposed topping cycle inserts a free-piston internal-combustion engine between the compressor and the combustor of a combustion turbine. The topping cycle diverts air from the compressor to supercharge the free-piston engine. Because the free-piston engine uses gas bearings to support the piston and is built of high-temperature materials, the engine can increase the pressure and temperature of the gas, exhausting it to a small expander that produces power. The exhaust from the topping-cycle expander is at a pressure that can be re-introduced to the main turbine, allowing almost complete recovery of waste heat. A capacity increase exceeding 35% is possible, and overall cycle efficiency can approach 70% when incorporated into a state-of-the-art combined-cycle plant. The cost of per incremental kW of the topping cycle can be dramatically lower than that of the base turbine because of the high power density and simplicity of the engine. Building on decades of progress in combustion turbines systems, the new cycle promises high performance without the engineering risks of manufacturing a completely new cycle.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document