scholarly journals Eyes on the Road

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
Michael Abrams ◽  
Thomas Romer
Keyword(s):  
Major Advance ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Time Data ◽  
High Definition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Software Algorithms ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Hebrew University ◽  
On The Road ◽  
And Training

This article presents an overview of the EyeQ silicon chip developed by Jerusalem-based company Mobileye. The company has been designing hardware and training software algorithms to help vehicles detect and avoid other vehicles. In a major advance, the company has been able to shrink its Advanced Driving Assist System to fit on a single silicon chip it calls EyeQ. When wired to a camera, the system offers superior cruise control, keeps its vehicle in lane, recognizes traffic signs, and can automatically brake for pedestrians and other dangerously close vehicles. The company, which was founded by Amnon Shashua, a professor of computer science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, has already sold 20 million of its chips. The advantage of having so many of them already traveling the world’s highways extends beyond the immediate safety they provide. Mobileye is mining the data those chips collect to create a high-definition mapping system that will work with real-time data to help vehicles navigate and eventually become fully autonomous.

scholarly journals A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON UPDATING HIGH DEFINITION MAPS: DETECTING AND POSITIONING A TRAFFIC CONE BY USING A STEREO CAMERA

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W19 ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
M. L. R. Lagahit ◽  
Y. H. Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Time Data ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Stereo Camera ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Self Driving Cars

Abstract. The concept of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) or self-driving cars has been increasingly popular these past few years. As such, research and development of AVs have also escalated around the world. One of those researches is about High-Definition (HD) maps. HD Maps are basically very detailed maps that provide all the geometric and semantic information on the road, which helps the AV in positioning itself on the lanes as well as mapping objects and markings on the road. This research will focus on the early stages of updating said HD maps. The methodology mainly consists of (1) running YOLOv3, a real-time object detection system, on a photo taken from a stereo camera to detect the object of interest, in this case a traffic cone, (2) applying the theories of stereo-photogrammetry to determine the 3D coordinates of the traffic cone, and (3) executing all of it at the same time on a Python-based platform. Results have shown centimeter-level accuracy in terms of obtained distance and height of the detected traffic cone from the camera setup. In future works, observed coordinates can be uploaded to a database and then connected to an application for real-time data storage/management and interactive visualization.

scholarly journals An Improved Mobile Mapping System to Detect Road-Killed Amphibians and Small Birds

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Sousa Guedes ◽  
Hélder Ribeiro ◽  
Neftalí Sillero
Keyword(s):  
Scanning System ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
The Road ◽  
Moving Platforms ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Mobile Mapping System ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Mobile Mapping Systems

Roads represent a major source of mortality for many species. To mitigate road mortality, it is essential to know where collisions with vehicles are happening and which species and populations are most affected. For this, moving platforms such as mobile mapping systems (MMS) can be used to automatically detect road-killed animals on the road surface. We recently developed an MMS to detect road-killed amphibians, composed of a scanning system on a trailer. We present here a smaller and improved version of this system (MMS2) for detecting road-killed amphibians and small birds. It is composed of a stereo multi-spectral and high definition camera (ZED), a high-power processing laptop, a global positioning system (GPS) device, a support device, and a lighter charger. The MMS2 can be easily attached to any vehicle and the surveys can be performed by any person with or without sampling skills. To evaluate the system’s effectiveness, we performed several controlled and real surveys in the Évora district (Portugal). In real surveys, the system detected approximately 78% of the amphibians and birds present on surveyed roads (overlooking 22%) and generated approximately 17% of false positives. Our system can improve the implementation of conservation measures, saving time for researchers and transportation planning professionals.

How Signs, Markings, and Hazards Impact Motorist Assessment of Cyclist Lane Placement

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1948-1949
Author(s):  
Mary L. Still ◽  
Jeremiah D. Still
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Lane Position ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Human Factors Research ◽  
And Training

Human factors research has led to safer interactions between motorists through redesigned signage, roadway designs, and training. Similar efforts are needed to understand and improve interactions between cyclists and motorists. One challenge to safe motorist-cyclist interactions are expectations about where cyclists should be on the road. In this study, we utilize more directive signage and additional lane markings to clarify where cyclists should ride in the travel lane. The impact of these signifiers was examined by having motorists indicate where cyclists should ride in the lane, how difficult it was to determine the correct lane position, and how safe they would feel if they were in that lane position. Results indicate that more directive signage – “bicycles take the lane”-and painted hazard signifiers can change motorists’ expectations, so they are more aligned with safer cyclist positioning in the lane.

CASA: An Alternative Smartphone-Based ADAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Manolo Dulva Hina ◽  
Hongyu Guan ◽  
Assia Soukane ◽  
Amar Ramdane-Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Assistance ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Driving Assistance System

Advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) is an electronic system that helps the driver navigate roads safely. A typical ADAS, however, is suited to specific brands of vehicle and, due to proprietary restrictions, has non-extendable features. Project CASA is an alternative, low-cost generic ADAS. It is an app deployable on smartphone or tablet. The real-time data needed by the app to make sense of its environment are stored in the vehicle or on the cloud, and are accessible as web services. They are used to determine the current driving context, and, if needed, decide actions to prevent an accident or keep road navigation safe. Project CASA is an undertaking of a consortium of industrial and academic partners. A use case scenario is tested in the laboratory (virtual) and on the road (actual) to validate the appropriateness of CASA. It is a contribution to safe driving. CASA’s contribution also lies in its approach in the semantic modeling of the context of the environment, the vehicle and the driver, and on the modeling of rules for fusion of data and fission process yielding an action to be implemented. In addition, CASA proposes a secured means of transmitting data using light, via light fidelity (LiFi), itself an alternative means of wireless vehicle–smartphone communication.

scholarly journals Development of driving cycle under real world traffic conditions: A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 4798
Author(s):  
Geetha A. ◽  
Subramani C.
Keyword(s):  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Maximum Acceleration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Condensed Form ◽  
On The Road

<p><span>The modeling of a car is essentially done by taking into consideration the driving terrain, traffic conditions, driver’s behavior and various other factors which may directly or indirectly affect the vehicle’s performance. A vehicle is modeled for given specifications and constraints like maximum speed, maximum acceleration, and braking time, appropriate suspension for the gradient of the road and fuel consumption. Henceforth, a profound study and analysis of different drive cycles are essential. A time dependent drive cycle is a condensed form of data that helps us to determine the time taken to conduct the driving test on the road. This article highlights the development of a real driving cycle in the area of Tamilnadu, India. On-road vehicle’s speeds versus time data were obtained along the selected route. The data obtained were analyzed first and then a new driving cycle was developed.</span></p>

scholarly journals Scoping Review of the Driving Behaviour of and Driver Training Programs for People on the Autism Spectrum

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Wilson ◽  
Hoe C. Lee ◽  
Sharmila Vaz ◽  
Priscilla Vindin ◽  
Reinie Cordier
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
On The Road ◽  
And Training

Gaining a driver’s licence represents increased independence and can lead to improved quality of life for individuals and their families. Learning to drive a motor vehicle and maintaining safe on-road skills are often more difficult for people on the autism spectrum. Many countries currently have no autism-specific licencing requirements for learner drivers, and there is a general lack of ASD-specific support and training packages for individuals, their families, and driving instructors. This review synthesises the peer-reviewed literature about the driving characteristics of drivers on the spectrum and driver training available for the cohort. The evidence in this review showed that individuals on the autism spectrum drive differently from their neurotypical counterparts. There are shortcomings in tactical skills of drivers on the autism spectrum, but the extent to which this affects their own safety or the safety of other road users is unclear. Tactical skills can be improved through training programs. There are few autism spectrum-specific learner training programs available. Development of an effective training program will benefit individuals on the spectrum to learn to drive, be independent, and be safe on the road.

A First Investigation of Truck Drivers’ Preferences and Behaviors using a Prototype Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (34) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyan Yang ◽  
Steven E. Shladover ◽  
Xiao-Yun Lu ◽  
Hani Ramezani ◽  
Aravind Kailas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Cruise Control ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
On The Road ◽  
And Performance

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) is a driver-assist technology that uses vehicle-to-vehicle wireless communication to realize faster braking responses in following vehicles and shorter headways compared with adaptive cruise control. This technology not only enhances road safety, but also offers fuel savings benefits as a result of reduced aerodynamic drag. The amount of fuel savings is dictated by the following distances and the driving speeds. So, the overarching goal of this work is to explore driving preferences and behaviors when following in “CACC mode,” an area that remains largely unexplored. While in CACC mode, the brake and throttle actions are automated. A human factors study was conducted to investigate truck drivers’ experiences and performance using CACC at shorter-than-normal vehicle following time gaps. “On-the-road” experiments were conducted by recruiting drivers from commercial fleets to operate the second and third trucks in a three-truck CACC string. The driving route spanned 160 miles on freeways in Northern California and five different time gaps between 0.6 and 1.8 seconds were tested. Factors such as cut-ins by other vehicles, road grades, and traffic conditions were found to influence the drivers’ opinions about use of CACC. The findings presented in this paper provide insights into the factors that will influence driver reactions to the deployment of CACC in their truck fleets.

scholarly journals An advanced planner for urban freight delivering

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (48) ◽  
pp. 27-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio COMI ◽  
Berta BUTTARAZZI ◽  
Massimiliano SCHIRALDI ◽  
Rosy INNARELLA ◽  
Martina VARISCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Delivery Time ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Urban Freight ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

The paper aims at introducing an advanced delivery tour planner to support operators in urban delivery operations through a combined approach which chooses delivery bays and delivery time windows while optimizing the delivery routes. After a literature review on tools for the management and the control of the delivery system implemented for optimizing the usage of on-street delivery bays, a prototypical tour delivery planner is described. The tool allows transport and logistics operators to book the delivery bays and to have real-time suggestions on the delivery tour to follow, through the minimization of the total delivery time. Currently, at development phase, the tool has been tested in a target zone, considering the road network and time/city delivering constraints and real-time data about vehicles location, traffic and delivery bay availability. The tool identifies the possible tours based on the delivery preferences, ranks the possible solutions according to the total route time based on information on the road network (i.e. travel time forecasts), performs a further optimization to reduce the total travel times and presents the user the best alternative along with the indications of which delivery bay to use in each delivery stop. The developed prototype is composed by two main parts: a web application that manages communication between the database and the road network simulation, and, an Android mobile App that supports transport and logistic operators in managing their delivering, pre trip and en route, showing and updating routing based on real-time information.

Hazard Perception in Driving

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Horswill
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Driver Education ◽  
Hazard Perception ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
The Road ◽  
Age Related ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Training

Hazard perception in driving refers to a driver’s ability to anticipate potentially dangerous situations on the road ahead and has been the subject of research for over 50 years. It is typically measured using computer-based hazard-perception tests and has been associated with both retrospective and prospective crash risk, as well as key crash-risk factors such as distraction, fatigue, alcohol consumption, speed choice, and age-related declines. It can also differentiate high- and lower-risk driver groups. The problem is that it is also a skill that appears to take decades of driving experience to acquire. This raises the question of whether it is possible and practical to accelerate this learning process via assessment and training in order to improve traffic safety. We have evidence that, in contrast to most driver education and assessment interventions, hazard-perception testing and training appear to have the capability to reduce crash risk. For example, the inclusion of a hazard-perception test in the UK driver licensing process has been estimated to reduce drivers’ non-low-speed public-road crash rates by 11.3% in the year following their test.

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