Analytical Model to Predict Nonhomogeneous Soil Temperature Variation

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krarti ◽  
D. E. Claridge ◽  
J. F. Kreider
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Thermal Properties ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Soil Surface Temperature ◽  
Annual Time

This paper presents an analytical model to predict the temperature variation within a multilayered soil. The soil surface temperature is assumed to have a sinusoidal time variation for both daily and annual time scales. The soil thermal properties in each layer are assumed to be uniform. The model is applied to two-layered, three-layered, and to nonhomogeneous soils. In case of two-layered soil, a detailed analysis of the thermal behavior of each layer is presented. It was found that as long as the order of magnitude of the thermal diffusivity of soil surface does not exceed three times that of deep soil; the soil temperature variation with depth can be predicted accurately by a simplified model that assumes that the soil has constant thermal properties.

Analytical Model to Predict Annual Soil Surface Temperature Variation

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krarti ◽  
C. Lopez-Alonzo ◽  
D. E. Claridge ◽  
J. F. Kreider
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Soil Thermal Properties ◽  
Soil Surface Temperature ◽  
Surface Temperature Variation

An analytical model is developed to predict the annual variation of soil surface temperature from readily available weather data and soil thermal properties. The time variation is approximated by a first harmonic function characterized by an average, an amplitude, and a phase lag. A parametric analysis is presented to determine the effect of various factors such as evaporation, soil absorptivity, and soil convective properties on soil surface temperature. A comparison of the model predictions with experimental data is presented. The comparative analysis indicates that the simplified model predicts soil surface temperatures within ten percent of measured data for five locations.

Sensitivity of soil surface temperature in a force-restore equation to heat fluxes and deep soil temperature

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 1617-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragutin T. Mihailović ◽  
George Kallos ◽  
Ilija D. Arsenić ◽  
Branislava Lalić ◽  
Borivoj Rajković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Surface Temperature

scholarly journals Characteristics of Soil Moisture and Evaporation under the Activities of Earthworms in Typical Anthrosols in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6603
Author(s):  
Li Ma ◽  
Ming’an Shao ◽  
Tongchuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Soil Surface Temperature ◽  
Water Holding

Earthworms have an important influence on the terrestrial ecological environment. This study assesses the effect of different earthworm densities on soil water content (SWC) and evaporation in a laboratory experiment. Four earthworm densities (0 no-earthworm, control [C]; 207 earthworms m−2, low density [LDE]; 345 earthworms m−2, medium density [MDE]; and 690 earthworms m−2, high density [HDE]) are tested in soil columns. Results show that cumulative evaporation occurs in the decreasing order of densities: C (98.6 mm) > LDE (115.8 mm) > MDE (118.4 mm) > HDE (124.6 mm). Compared with the control, earthworm activity decreases cumulative soil evaporation by 5.0–20.9%, increases soil temperature to 0.46 °C–0.63 °C at 8:00, and decreases soil temperature to 0.21 °C–0.52 °C at 14:00 on the soil surface. Temperature fluctuations reduce with increasing earthworm densities. A negative correlation is found between cumulative soil evaporation and earthworm density (R2 = 0.969, p < 0.001). Earthworms significantly (p < 0.05) decrease the surface SWC loss (0–20 cm) soil layer but increase the subsoil SWC loss (60–100 cm) by adjusting the soil temperature and reducing soil water evaporation. Earthworm activities (burrows, casts…) improve the soil water holding ability by adjusting soil temperature and reducing soil water evaporation. Thus, the population quantity of earthworms may provide valuable ecosystem services in soil water and heat cycles to save water resources and realize sustainable agricultural development.

The effect of soil temperature and soil water content on thermal properties in an artificial forestland and a natural regrowth grassland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tangtang Zhang ◽  
Xin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Soil Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Soil Thermal Properties ◽  
Increasing Temperature

&lt;p&gt;Soil temperature, soil water content and soil thermal properties were measured in an artificial forestland and a natural regrowth grassland from November in 2017 to July in 2019. The results show that the effects of soil temperature and soil water content on thermal properties are different in different soil condition. Soil thermal conductivity (K) and soil volumetric heat capacity (C) increase with increasing temperature in unfrozen period, but soil diffusivity (D) has no significant dynamic cycle and it almost keeps a constant level in a certain time. Soil thermal conductivity (K) decreases with increasing temperature during soil frozen period. The C and K increase with increasing soil water content in unfrozen period, while the D decrease with increasing soil water content.&lt;/p&gt;

Influence of long-term feedlot manure amendments on soil hydraulic conductivity, water-stable aggregates, and soil thermal properties during the growing season

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Miller ◽  
B.W. Beasley ◽  
C.F. Drury ◽  
F.J. Larney ◽  
X. Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Soil Thermal Properties

Long-term application of feedlot manure to cropland may change the physical properties of soils. We measured selected soil (surface) physical properties of a Dark Brown Chernozemic clay loam where different amendments were annually applied for 15 (2013), 16 (2014), and 17 (2015) yr. The treatments were stockpiled (SM) or composted (CM) manure with either straw (ST) or wood-chip (WD) bedding applied at three rates (13, 39, and 77 Mg ha−1) and an unamended control. The effect of selected or all treatments on selected properties was determined in 2013–2015. These properties included field-saturated (Kfs) and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity or K(ψ), bulk density (BD), volumetric water content, soil temperature, soil thermal properties, and wet aggregate stability. The hypotheses that selected soil physical properties would improve more for treatments with greater total carbon in the amendments (SM > CM, WD > ST) was rejected. The exceptions were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower soil BD for SM than CM and WD than ST for certain dates, and lower soil thermal conductivity for WD than ST. Most soil physical properties generally had no response to 15–17 yr of annual applications of these feedlot amendments, but a few showed a positive response.

Soil temperature and the energy balance of vegetative mulch in the semi-arid tropics. I. Static analysis of the radiation balance

Soil Research ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Ross ◽  
J Williams ◽  
RL Mccown
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Approximate Expression ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Incoming Radiation ◽  
Soil Surface Temperature

Planting crops into chemically killed pasture protects seedlings from high soil temperature. In this paper the radiation balance and convective heat loss of such dead vegetative mulch canopies are analysed mathematically for windless conditions, and maximum soil temperatures are calculated, together with their sensitivities to mulch and soil parameters. An approximate expression for soil heat flux, and assumptions about rates of change of radiation and other inputs with time, allow calculations where actual data are unavailable. A simplified analysis regards the mulch as a radiation filter which acts independently of the soil surface. Agreement with experimental data is good. The results show that energy losses by reflection, conduction, convection, radiation and evaporative cooling are all important in balancing incoming radiation and determining soil surface temperature, so that quantitative analysis is essential for a proper understanding of the system. .Mulch can reduce soil surface temperature by up to 20�C by intercepting incoming radiation; it dissipates this intercepted energy quite efficiently by free convection without concomitant increase in the temperature of the underlying soil surface. Penetration of radiation through the mulch is its most important characteristic. Forward scattering of shortwave radiation from the mulch to the soil surface has a big effect on soil temperature, but backward scattering has little effect, hence lighter-coloured more reflective mulches may be less efficient than darker ones. Evaporation of soil water is very efficient in reducing soil temperature, and the mulch prolongs the process of slow evaporation from the soil surface. The resulting higher soil water content also decreases soil surface temperature through its effects on soil thermal properties.

Spatial Distribution of ABL height and Soil Temperature over Indian Subcontinent

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikhar Upadhyay ◽  
Sarit Das ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cubic Curve ◽  
Soil Surface Temperature

&lt;p&gt;The spatial variations of ABL depth has wide applications in aeronautical meteorology, urban meteorology, agricultural meteorology and hydrology. In the context of Indian subcontinent, it is more important where air pollution episodes, smog, fog etc. are getting worse over the years. The dispersal of smog and low-level pollutants depends strongly on meteorological conditions. Monitoring and management of air quality is closely associated with the transport and dispersal of atmospheric pollutants, including industrial plumes. Processes of pollutant transport include turbulent mixing in the ABL, particularly the role of convection, photochemistry and dry and wet deposition to the surface. The depth of the ABL determine the extent of thermal and mechanical mixing of pollutants. Further, mean ABL depth can be used to determine the average seasonal air pollution scenarios. Soil surface temperature is one of the major factors which derives the ABL depth. Thus, it is important to know - what is the spatial ABL depth and soil surface temperature variation, in which direction changes in ABL depth and soil surface temperature is more or less consistent, over Indian subcontinent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To understand the spatial variability of ABL depth and soil surface temperature, a variogram analysis is performed taking 30 stations over Indian sub-continent. Data at 30 stations (Ahmadabad, Bhopal, Gwalior, Aurangabad, Nagpur, Raipur, New Delhi, Gorakhpur, Patna, Lucknow, Patiala, Siliguri, Karaikal, Vishakhapatnam, Machilipatnam, Lhasa, Minfeng, Jodhpur, Agartalla, Bengaluru, Bhubaneshwar, Chennai, Dibrugarh, Hotan, Hyderabad, Jagdalpur, Kolkata, Panjim, Port Blair, Srinagar) are collected for three years 1994, 1997 and 2000. ABL depths are computed using soundings obtained from the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archived (IGRA) by adopting the bulk Richardson method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Both ABL depth and soil surface temperature are greater in central region, but low near shore and in hilly regions. By using both these parameters, omnidirectional variograms are drawn, which show the spatial distribution of ABL depths and surface soil temperature over India are determined for different years. The particular variogram demonstrates a well-suited spatial relationship for geostatistical analysis as pairs of points are more correlated the closer they are together and the greater the distance between points becomes less correlated. There are certain parameters of variogram (sill and range) that adjust iteratively to get the best fitted model. Then, models are fitted to the experimental variogram using least square approach between the experimental and modelled variogram values. The model with its corresponding parameters based on least square method is selected as the best variogram model. These parameters are finally used in the ordinary kriging analysis. Spherical variograms are fitted and found to have significant correlation for stations within a lags of 19, 18, 18 and 17, 17, 20 degrees latitude/longitude change for ABL depth and soil surface temperature and for the year 1994, 1997 and 2000 respectively. Utilizing variogram parameters, the spatial distributions are plotted using ordinary Kriging. A polynomial curve of order 3 fitted Cubic curve fitting on the scatter plots between soil surface temperature and ABL depth, yield R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; value as 0.44, 0.52 and 0.53 in 1994, 1997, 2000 respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

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