Proposed External Pressure Design Rules for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
J. R. Maison ◽  
E. M. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
Mathematical Development ◽  
Work Systems ◽  
Safety Code ◽  
Section Viii

The safety of externally pressurized manned diving bells, submersibles and underwater work systems resides in the ability of the system to rise to the surface in case of an emergency. Use of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII design rules, lead to unacceptably heavy structures, and thus substantially compromise the sought-for safety in underwater manned systems. A recognition on the part of the diving industry of the inherent limitations in using the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for design of underwater pressure vessels, motivated the formation of the ASME Safety Code Committee on Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy (PVHO) in 1974. A subcommittee of the PVHO Safety Code Committee was formed to address the specific problems of external pressure vessel design. The mathematical development which provided the basis for the proposed rules are presented. The restrictions imposed by the External Pressure Subcommittee are also presented.

Fourier Series Analysis of Cylindrical Pressure Vessel Subjected to External Pressure

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurinder Singh Brar ◽  
Yogeshwar Hari ◽  
Dennis K. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Series ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Buckling Load ◽  
Critical Buckling Load ◽  
Cylindrical Pressure Vessel ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2

This paper presents the comparison of a reliability technique that employs a Fourier series representation of random asymmetric imperfections in a cylindrical pressure vessel subjected to external pressure. Comparison with evaluations prescribed by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 2 Rules for the same shell geometries are also conducted. The ultimate goal of the reliability type technique is to predict the critical buckling load associated with the chosen cylindrical pressure vessel. Initial geometric imperfections are shown to have a significant effect on the load carrying capacity of the example cylindrical pressure vessel. Fourier decomposition is employed to interpret imperfections as structural features that can be easily related to various other types of defined imperfections. The initial functional description of the imperfections consists of an axisymmetric portion and a deviant portion, which are availed in the form of a double Fourier series. Fifty simulated shells generated by the Monte Carlo technique are employed in the final prediction of the critical buckling load. The representation of initial geometrical imperfections in the cylindrical pressure vessel requires the determination of appropriate Fourier coefficients. Multi-mode analyses are expanded to evaluate a large number of potential buckling modes for both predefined geometries and associated asymmetric imperfections as a function of position within a given cylindrical shell. The probability of the ultimate buckling stress that may exceed a predefined threshold stress is also calculated. The method and results described herein are in stark contrast to the “knockdown factor” approach as applied to compressive stress evaluations currently utilized in industry. Recommendations for further study of imperfect cylindrical pressure vessels are also outlined in an effort to improve on the current design rules regarding column buckling of large diameter pressure vessels designed in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 2 and ASME STS-1.

Code Case 2286 Applied to the Design of Pressure Vessels

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanhaiya L. Bardia ◽  
Kim Nguyen ◽  
Manfred Lengsfeld ◽  
Donald G. LaBounty ◽  
Bernie Au
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Shell Design ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Sample Vessel

Code Case 2286-1 [1] of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code [2][3] provides alternate rules for determining the allowable external pressure and compressive stresses for cylinders, cones, spheres, and formed heads in lieu of the rules of Section VIII, Divisions 1 and 2. The authors in this paper present a comparison of the longitudinal and circumferential compressive stresses in pressure vessels based on the methods outlined in Paragraph UG-28 of Division 1, Section VIII of the ASME Code and Code Case 2286-1. The Do/t ratio in this paper is limited to 600 which covers the majority of pressure vessel designs found in the petrochemical industry. A sample vessel shell design is presented applying both the ASME Code, Section VIII, Div. 1 method and that of Code Case 2286-1.

Adoption of the Composite Reinforced Pressure Vessels (CRPV) Into the ASME BPV Code

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Biel ◽  
Gregory Cano
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Hoop Stresses ◽  
Full Utilization

Adoption of composite reinforced pressure vessels (CRPV) into the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code represented advancement in the technology of pressure vessels. The advantage of this construction technique is that the weight of a CRPV for compressed gas service built may be reduced to about one-half conventional pressure vessel of the same capacity. The concept of hoop wrapping fibers in a plastic composite (>90% fiber fill) makes full utilization of the fiber strength as the fibers share the hoop load with a metal cylinder. With reduced hoop stresses in the metal, a substantial reduction in wall thickness is attainable. The process of adoption of this technology presented several challenges and some robust administrative hurdles. These included coordination with ASME BPV Code Section X for the composite application and Section VIII for the steel design and overall acceptance of the Case. The most vexing technical challenge was the inspection of an unfinished weld on the inside of the shell from the outside of the shell. The next challenge was to gain consensus on the testing criteria for the acceptance of finished vessels. Case 2390 was drafted in the winter of 2000 and spring of 2001 and approved for publication after nine revisions with an approval date of October 9, 2002. The Case was subsequently adopted into the body of ASME BPV Code Section VIII, Division 3 [1] (VIII-3) in the 2010 edition.

Analysis of Half-Pipe Heating Channels on Pressure Vessel Shells

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-529
Author(s):  
A. E. Blach
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Asme Code

Half-pipe heating channels are used on the outside of pressure vessels such as agitators, mixers, reactors, etc., to avoid the high external pressure associated with heating jackets. No applicable method of analysis is contained in the ASME Code and proof tests are normally required for registration with governing authorities. An analytical method is presented which permits the evaluation of stresses in shell and half pipe; numerical examples are included.

The Applicability of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section XII, Transport Tanks, for Use in U.S. Federal Maritime Regulations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Selz ◽  
Daniel R. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
The Us ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Marine Applications

Developed at the request of the US Department of Transportation, Section XII-Transport Tanks, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code addresses rules for the construction and continued service of pressure vessels for the transportation of dangerous goods by road, air, rail, or water. The standard is intended to replace most of the vessel design rules and be referenced in the federal hazardous material regulations, Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). While the majority of the current rules focus on over-the-road transport, there are rules for portable tanks which can be used in marine applications for the transport of liquefied gases, and for ton tanks used for rail and barge shipping of chlorine and other compressed gases. Rules for non-cryogenic portable tanks are currently provided in Section VIII, Division 2, but will be moved into Section XII. These portable tank requirements should also replace the existing references to the outmoded 1989 edition of ASME Section VIII, Division 1 cited in Title 46 of the CFR. Paper published with permission.

Square Root 3: Background to the New Design Margin for High Pressure Vessels

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Keltjens ◽  
Philip Cornelissen ◽  
Peter Koerner ◽  
Waldemar Hiller ◽  
Rolf Wink
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Code Change ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Background Material ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
High Pressure Equipment ◽  
Design Margin

The ASME Section VIII Division 3 Pressure Vessel Design Code adopted in its 2004 edition a significant change of the design margin against plastic collapse. There are several reasons and justifications for this code change, in particular the comparison with design margins used for high pressure equipment in Europe. Also, the ASME Pressure Vessel Code books themselves are not always consistent with respect to design margin. This paper discusses not only the background material for the code change, but also gives some practical information on when pressure vessels could be designed to a thinner wall.

A Study of the Conservatism in ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 2 Opening Design for External Pressure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Millet ◽  
Kaveh Ebrahimi ◽  
James Lu ◽  
Kenneth Kirkpatrick ◽  
Bryan Mosher
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Allowable Compressive Stress ◽  
Division 2

Abstract In the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, nozzle reinforcement rules for nozzles attached to shells under external pressure differ from the rules for internal pressure. ASME BPVC Section I, Section VIII Division 1 and Section VIII Division 2 (Pre-2007 Edition) reinforcement rules for external pressure are less stringent than those for internal pressure. The reinforcement rules for external pressure published since the 2007 Edition of ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 2 are more stringent than those for internal pressure. The previous rule only required reinforcement for external pressure to be one-half of the reinforcement required for internal pressure. In the current BPVC Code the required reinforcement is inversely proportional to the allowable compressive stress for the shell under external pressure. Therefore as the allowable drops, the required reinforcement increases. Understandably, the rules for external pressure differ in these two Divisions, but the amount of required reinforcement can be significantly larger. This paper will examine the possible conservatism in the current Division 2 rules as compared to the other Divisions of the BPVC Code and the EN 13445-3. The paper will review the background of each method and provide finite element analyses of several selected nozzles and geometries.

Comparison Between the ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 3 and the Chinese Regulation TSG 21-2016 With Regard to the Design of High Pressure Vessels

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fuenmayor ◽  
Rolf Wink ◽  
Matthias Bortz
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
High Pressure Vessel ◽  
Safety Technology ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Design Construction

There are numerous codes covering the design, manufacturing, inspection, testing, and operation of pressure vessels. These national or international codes aim at providing assurance regarding the safety and quality of pressure vessels. The development of the Chinese economy has led to a significant increase in the number of installed high-pressure vessels which in turn required a revision of the existing regulations. The Supervision Regulation on Safety Technology for Stationary Pressure Vessel TSG 21-2016 superseded the existing Super-High Pressure Vessel Safety and Technical Supervision Regulation TSG R0002-2005 in October of 2016. This new regulation covers, among others, the design, construction, and inspection of pressure vessels with design pressures above 100 MPa. This paper provides a technical comparison between the provisions given in TSG 21-2016 for super-high pressure vessels and the requirements in ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Division 3.

scholarly journals An Ability to Adapt and Change

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Madiha El Mehelmy Kotb
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Electronic Format ◽  
The World ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2 ◽  
Service Inspection ◽  
Technical Services

This article reviews about the views of Madiha El Mehelmy Hotb, the Head of the Pressure Vessels Technical Services Division for Regie Du Batiment Du Quedec, on how ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code has evolved over the years. Hotb reveals that during the 1980s, ASME’s regulatory approach covered all aspects of the life cycle of a boiler or a pressure vessel from design to being taken out of service. It also confirmed every step in between – fabrication, installation, repair and modification, and in-service inspection. During later years, the institution moved toward accreditation of authorized inspection agencies, changed the publication cycle from three years to two, eliminated addenda, and restructured the Code committees. New Section VIII and division 2 were written, and the Codes were published in digital electronic format. Hotb believes that the Code will continue to be widely used and adopted in future. It will have a bigger and larger input from all over the world and will have further outreach and adoption by far more countries.

Overview of Revisions to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Division 3 for the 2017 Edition and Near Future

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Peters ◽  
Gregory Mital ◽  
Adam P. Maslowski
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Conformity Assessment ◽  
Inspection Planning ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
American Society ◽  
Rules Changes

This paper provides an overview of the significant revisions pending for the upcoming 2017 edition of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section VIII Division 3, Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels, as well as potential changes to future editions under consideration of the Subgroup on High Pressure Vessels (SG-HPV). Changes to the 2017 edition include the removal of material information used in the construction of composite reinforced pressure vessels (CRPV); this information has been consolidated to the newly-developed Appendix 10 of ASME BPVC Section X, Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels. Similarly, the development of the ASME CA-1, Conformity Assessment Requirements standard necessitated removal of associated conformity assessment information from Section VIII Division 3. Additionally, requirements for the assembly of pressure vessels at a location other than that listed on the Certificate of Authorization have been clarified with the definitions of “field” and “intermediate” sites. Furthermore, certain design related issues have been addressed and incorporated into the current edition, including changes to the fracture mechanics rules, changes to wires stress limits in wire-wound vessels, and clarification on bolting and end closure requirements. Finally, the removal of Appendix B, Suggested Practice Regarding Post-Construction Requalification for High Pressure Vessels, will be discussed, including a short discussion of the new appendix incorporated into the updated edition of ASME PCC-3, Inspection Planning Using Risk Based Methods. Additionally, this paper discusses some areas in Section VIII Division 3 under consideration for improvement. One such area involves consolidation of material models presented in the book into a central area for easier reference. Another is the clarification of local strain limit analysis and the intended number and types of evaluations needed for the non-linear finite element analyses. The requirements for test locations in prolongations on forgings are also being examined as well as other material that can be used in testing for vessel construction. Finally, a discussion is presented on an ongoing debate regarding “occasional loads” and “abnormal loads”, their current evaluation, and proposed changes to design margins regarding these loads.

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