Utilization of the Cold by LNG Vaporization With Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Krey
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Very High

In the course of the world-wide efforts to save energy, the utilization of cold in connection with the regasification of liquefied natural gas gains more and more importance. The aim is the partial recovery of the energy consumed in liquefaction. There are particular advantages when using the closed-cycle gas turbine, in which the exergy of the liquefied natural gas is transformed to electrical energy with a very high efficiency. The paper deals with the optimization, design, and operational behavior of such a plant.

Utilization of Cryogenic Exergy of LNG by MGT (Mirror Gas Turbine)

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tsujikawa ◽  
K. Kaneko ◽  
S. Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Topping Cycle ◽  
Very High

In the course of the worldwide efforts to suppress the global warming, the saving energy becomes more important. Recently, the LNG (liquefied natural gas) terminals in our country have received more than 50 million tons of LNG per year. Therefore, the utilization of the cryogenic exergy in connection with the regasification of LNG gains more and more importance. The aim of this paper is the recovery of the energy consumed in liquefaction using the MGT (Mirror Gas Turbine), which is a kind of new combined cycle of a conventional gas turbine worked as a topping cycle and TG (inverted Brayton cycle) as a bottoming cycle. The optimum characteristics have been calculated and it is shown that this cycle is superior to the current-use gasification systems in employing seawater heats in terms of thermal efficiency and specific output. In the present cycle, the cold of LNG is used to cool the exhaust gas from a turbine of TG, and then the exergy of the liquefied natural gas is transformed to electric energy with a very high efficiency. The main feature of this new concept is the removal of an evaporation system using seawater.

scholarly journals High Efficiency-Coal and Gas (HE-C&G): An Advanced Hybrid Power Plant Concept With Sequential Combustion Gas Turbines GT24/GT26

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea Fetescu
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Very High

The High Efficiency-Coal and Gas (HE-C&G) is a hybrid power plant concept integrating Conventional Steam Power Plants (CSPP) and gas turbine / combined cycle plants. The gas turbine exhaust gas energy is recovered in the HRSG providing partial condensate and feedwater preheating and generating steam corresponding to the main boiler live steam conditions (second steam source for the ST). The concept, exhibiting very high design flexibility, integrates the high performance Sequential Combustion gas turbines GT24/GT26 technology into a wide range of existing or new CSPP. Although HE-C&G refers to coal as the most abundant fossil fuel resource, oil or natural gas fired steam plants could be also designed or converted following the same principle. The HE-C&G provides very high marginal efficiencies on natural gas, up to and above 60%, very high operating and dispatching flexibility and on-line optimization of fuel and O&M costs at low capital investment. This paper emphasizes the operating flexibility and resulting benefits, recommending the HE-C&G as one of the most profitable options for generating power especially for conversion of existing CSPP with gas turbines.

Comparative Performance Study of Closed Cycle Gas Turbine Utilizing Cryogenic Cold

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Cycle Temperature

The re-evaporation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is capable of acting as a low temperature heat sink for power cycles, thereby enhancing the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Leaving aside the detail of the appropriate heat exchanger technology, the comparative performance of improved high and low temperature closed cycle gas turbines is investigated using non-dimensionalized performance analysis. It was shown that the effect of lowering the minimum cycle temperature on the efficiency is equivalent to raising the maximum cycle temperature by a multiple amount. The specific output, however, decreases to a fraction of that achieved by the cycle with the original minimum cycle temperature. Implications are drawn for the application of the closed cycle gas turbine utilizing cryogenic cold.

Enhancing Gas Turbine Operation With Heavy Fuel Oil

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Muralidharan ◽  
Matthieu Vierling
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydro Power

Power generation in south Asia has witnessed a steep fall due to the shortage of natural gas supplies for power plants and poor water storage in reservoirs for low hydro power generation. Due to the current economic scenario, there is worldwide pressure to secure and make more gas and oil available to support global power needs. With constrained fuel sources and increasing environmental focus, the quest for higher efficiency would be imminent. Natural gas combined cycle plants operate at a very high efficiency, increasing the demand for gas. At the same time, countries may continue to look for alternate fuels such as coal and liquid fuels, including crude and residual oil, to increase energy stability and security. In over the past few decades, the technology for refining crude oil has gone through a significant transformation. With the advanced refining process, there are additional lighter distillates produced from crude that could significantly change the quality of residual oil used for producing heavy fuel. Using poor quality residual fuel in a gas turbine to generate power could have many challenges with regards to availability and efficiency of a gas turbine. The fuel needs to be treated prior to combustion and needs a frequent turbine cleaning to recover the lost performance due to fouling. This paper will discuss GE’s recently developed gas turbine features, including automatic water wash, smart cooldown and model based control (MBC) firing temperature control. These features could significantly increase availability and improve the average performance of heavy fuel oil (HFO). The duration of the gas turbine offline water wash sequence and the rate of output degradation due to fouling can be considerably reduced.

Performance and Cost Analysis of Advanced Gas Turbine Cycles With Precombustion CO2 Capture

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Hoffmann ◽  
Michael Bartlett ◽  
Matthias Finkenrath ◽  
Andrei Evulet ◽  
Tord Peter Ursin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of advanced combined cycle gas turbine plants with precombustion capture of CO2 from natural gas. In particular, the designs are carried out with the objectives of high efficiency, low capital cost, and low emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The novel cycles introduced in this paper are comprised of a high-pressure syngas generation island, in which an air-blown partial oxidation reformer is used to generate syngas from natural gas, and a power island, in which a CO2-lean syngas is burnt in a large frame machine. In order to reduce the efficiency penalty of natural gas reforming, a significant effort is spent evaluating and optimizing alternatives to recover the heat released during the process. CO2 is removed from the shifted syngas using either CO2 absorbing solvents or a CO2 membrane. CO2 separation membranes, in particular, have the potential for considerable cost or energy savings compared with conventional solvent-based separation and benefit from the high-pressure level of the syngas generation island. A feasibility analysis and a cycle performance evaluation are carried out for large frame gas turbines such as the 9FB. Both short-term and long-term solutions have been investigated. An analysis of the cost of CO2 avoided is presented, including an evaluation of the cost of modifying the combined cycle due to CO2 separation. The paper describes a power plant reaching the performance targets of 50% net cycle efficiency and 80% CO2 capture, as well as the cost target of 30$ per ton of CO2 avoided (2006 Q1 basis). This paper indicates a development path to this power plant that minimizes technical risks by incremental implementation of new technology.

Semi-Closed Gas Turbine Cycles: An Ecological Solution

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Laganelli ◽  
C. Rodgers ◽  
W. E. Lear ◽  
P. L. Meitner
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Anthropogenic Heat ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
The Impact

The impact on global warming of transportation and the infrastructure that supports it has been investigated over several decades. Anthropogenic heat and the generation of greenhouse gases from burning of fossil fuels and are major contributors to the warming process. An approach to mitigate these effects is discussed that considers semi-closed cycle gas turbine engines as a practical approach to slowing the release of greenhouse gases. Semi-closed cycle gas turbine engines have an inherent capability to reduce all regulated emissions while maintaining high efficiency, which in turn reduces CO2 emissions. With emerging technology development that includes higher component efficiencies, high temperature material development, improved control devices, and advanced combustor designs, aided by computational fluid dynamics, semi-closed cycle engines appear to have the potential to mitigate global warming with little economic or infrastructural impact. A specific semi-closed engine type is described, the high pressure recuperated turbine engine (HPRTE), along with the inherent mechanisms for control of NOx, CO, unburned hydrocarbons, and particulates. Results from a breadboard demonstration of the HPRTE are discussed, as well as emerging technologies which benefit this type of engine.

High efficiency power plant with liquefied natural gas cold energy utilization

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Romero Gómez ◽  
R. Ferreiro Garcia ◽  
J. Carbia Carril ◽  
J. Romero Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Cold Energy

Flameholding Tendencies of Natural Gas and Hydrogen Flames at Gas Turbine Premixer Conditions

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot Sullivan-Lewis ◽  
Vincent McDonell
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lean Premixed

Ground based gas turbines are responsible for generating a significant amount of electric power as well as providing mechanical power for a variety of applications. This is due to their high efficiency, high power density, high reliability, and ability to operate on a wide range of fuels. Due to increasingly stringent air quality requirements, stationary power gas turbines have moved to lean-premixed operation. Lean-premixed operation maintains low combustion temperatures for a given turbine inlet temperature, resulting in low NOx emissions while minimizing emissions of CO and hydrocarbons. In addition, to increase overall cycle efficiency, engines are being operated at higher pressure ratios and/or higher combustor inlet temperatures. Increasing combustor inlet temperatures and pressures in combination with lean-premixed operation leads to increased reactivity of the fuel/air mixture, leading to increased risk of potentially damaging flashback. Curtailing flashback on engines operated on hydrocarbon fuels requires care in design of the premixer. Curtailing flashback becomes more challenging when fuels with reactive components such as hydrogen are considered. Such fuels are gaining interest because they can be generated from both conventional and renewable sources and can be blended with natural gas as a means for storage of renewably generated hydrogen. The two main approaches for coping with flashback are either to design a combustor that is resistant to flashback, or to design one that will not anchor a flame if a flashback occurs. An experiment was constructed to determine the flameholding tendencies of various fuels on typical features found in premixer passage ways (spokes, steps, etc.) at conditions representative of a gas turbine premixer passage way. In the present work tests were conducted for natural gas and hydrogen between 3 and 9 atm, between 530 K and 650K, and free stream velocities from 40 to 100 m/s. Features considered in the present study include a spoke in the center of the channel and a step at the wall. The results are used in conjunction with existing blowoff correlations to evaluate flameholding propensity of these physical features over the range of conditions studied. The results illustrate that correlations that collapse data obtained at atmospheric pressure do not capture trends observed for spoke and wall step features at elevated pressure conditions. Also, a notable fuel compositional effect is observed.

scholarly journals Gas Turbines and Natural Gas Synergism

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (02) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Lee S. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Energy Information Administration ◽  
Gas Fueled

This article presents a study on new electric power gas turbines and the advent of shale natural gas, which now are upending electrical energy markets. Energy Information Administration (EIA) results show that total electrical production cost for a conventional coal plant would be 9.8 cents/kWh, while a conventional natural gas fueled gas turbine combined cycle plant would be a much lower at 6.6 cents/kWh. Furthermore, EIA estimates that 70% of new US power plants will be fueled by natural gas. Gas turbines are the prime movers for the modern combined cycle power plant. On the natural gas side of the recently upended electrical energy markets, new shale gas production and the continued development of worldwide liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities provide the other element of synergism. The US natural gas prices are now low enough to compete directly with coal. The study concludes that the natural gas fueled gas turbine will continue to be a growing part of the world’s electric power generation.

Blue Combustion: Stoichiometric Hydrogen-Oxygen Combustion Under Humidified Conditions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schimek ◽  
Panagiotis Stathopoulos ◽  
Tom Tanneberger ◽  
Christian Oliver Paschereit
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Operating Limits ◽  
Fast Power ◽  
Very High ◽  
Combustion Of Hydrogen

The use of renewable energy sources raises the demand of fast and flexible storage techniques and fast power availability to ensure electrical grid stability. A promising storage approach is the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis. The possibility of using a completely closed cycle of water, hydrogen and oxygen promises an attractive approach for high efficiency, zero emission energy storage. Since electrolysis can be carried out under high pressure, the compressor part of the gas turbine would be unnecessary, which is beneficial in terms of efficiency. Furthermore, high turbine pressure ratios, compared to typical gas turbine applications, can be reached easily. However, the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen in gas turbines is a challenging task. Hydrogen and oxygen mixtures are extremely reactive and result in very high flame temperatures. In the present study the feasibility of steam-diluted combustion of hydrogen and oxygen at stoichiometric conditions is shown. A suitable combustor is developed and experimentally validated. The degree of humidity is varied systematically for stoichiometric hydrogen oxygen combustion. Flame shapes, temperature estimations and operating limits are compared and discussed.

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