Turbine Stator Well CFD Studies: Effects of Coolant Supply Geometry on Cavity Sealing Performance

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Andreini ◽  
Riccardo Da Soghe ◽  
Bruno Facchini
Keyword(s):  
Air Cooling ◽  
Sector Model ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
Supply Systems

The increase of aeroengine performance through the improvement of aerodynamic efficiency of core flow is becoming more and more difficult to achieve. However, there are still some devices that could be improved to enhance global engine efficiency. Particularly, investigations on the internal air cooling systems may lead to a reduction of cooling air with a direct benefit to the overall performance. At the same time, further investigations on heat transfer mechanisms within turbine cavities may help to optimize cooling air flows, saving engine life duration. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study aimed at the characterization of the effects of different geometries for cooling air supply within turbine cavities on wall thermal effectiveness and sealing mass flow rate. Several sealing air supply geometries were considered in order to point out the role of cooling air injection position, swirl number, and jet penetration on the cavities’ sealing performance. Steady state calculations were performed using two different computational domains: the first consists of a sector model of the whole turbine including the second stator well, while the second is a cut-down model of the stator well. Thanks to the simplified geometry of the test rig with respect to actual engines, the study has pointed out clear design suggestions regarding the effects of geometry modification of cooling air supply systems.

Turbine Stator Well CFD Studies: Effects of Coolant Supply Geometry on Cavity Sealing Performance

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Andreini ◽  
Riccardo Da Soghe ◽  
Bruno Facchini
Keyword(s):  
Research Programme ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Sector Model ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Aero Engines ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cooling Air

The increase of aero engines performance through the improvement of aerodynamic efficiency of main annulus flow is becoming more and more difficult to achieve. However there are still some devices that could be improved to enhance global engine efficiency. Particularly, investigations on the internal air cooling systems, may lead to a reduction of cooling air with a direct benefit to the overall performance. At the same time, further investigations on heat transfer mechanisms within turbine cavities may help to optimize cooling air flows saving engine life duration. This paper presents a CFD study aimed at the characterization of the effects of different geometries for cooling air supply within turbine cavities on wall thermal effectiveness and sealing mass flow rate. Several sealing air supply geometries were considered in order to point out the role of cooling air injection position, swirl number and jet penetration on the cavities sealing performance. The study was set up on a two-stage axial turbine rig developed in a research programme on internal air systems funded by EU (Main Annulus Gas Path Interactions - MAGPI). Steady state calculations were performed using two different computational domains: the first consists in a sector model of the whole turbine including the second stator well, while the second is a cut-down model of the stator well. Thanks to the simplified geometry of the test rig with respect to actual engines, the study has pointed out clear design suggestions regarding the effects of geometry modification of cooling air supply system.

Heat Transfer in Turbine Hub Cavities Adjacent to the Main Gas Path

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Dixon ◽  
Antonio Guijarro Valencia ◽  
Andreas Bauknecht ◽  
Daniel Coren ◽  
Nick Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Turbine Stator ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Burn ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
Component Temperature

Reliable means of predicting heat transfer in cavities adjacent to the main gas path are increasingly being sought by engineers involved in the design of gas turbines. In this paper, an interim summary of the results of a five-year research program sponsored by the European Union (EU) and several leading gas turbine manufacturers and universities will be presented. Extensive use is made of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element (FE) modeling techniques to understand the thermo-mechanical behavior of a turbine stator well cavity, including the interaction of cooling air supply with the main annulus gas. The objective of the study has been to provide a means of optimizing the design of such cavities for maintaining a safe environment for critical parts, such as disc rims and blade fixings, while maximizing the turbine efficiency and minimizing the fuel burn and emissions penalties associated with the secondary airflow system. The modeling methods employed have been validated against data gathered from a dedicated two-stage turbine rig running at engine representative conditions. Extensive measurements are available for a range of flow conditions and alternative cooling arrangements. The analysis method has been used to inform a design change, which is also to be tested. Comparisons are provided between the predictions and measurements of the turbine stator well component temperature.

Egress Interaction Through Turbine Rim Seals

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Scobie ◽  
Fabian P. Hualca ◽  
Carl M. Sangan ◽  
Gary D. Lock
Keyword(s):  
Film Cooling ◽  
Outer Region ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Cfd Validation ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Purge Flow ◽  
Rotor Disk ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Cooling Air

Engine designers require accurate predictions of ingestion (or ingress) principally caused by circumferential pressure asymmetry in the mainstream annulus. Cooling air systems provide purge flow designed to limit metal temperatures and protect vulnerable components from the hot gases which would otherwise be entrained into disk cavities through clearances between rotating and static disks. Rim seals are fitted at the periphery of these disks to minimize purge. The mixing between the efflux of purge (or egress) and the mainstream gases near the hub end-wall results in a deterioration of aerodynamic performance. This paper presents experimental results using a turbine test rig with wheel-spaces upstream and downstream of a rotor disk. Ingress and egress was quantified using a CO2 concentration probe, with seeding injected into the upstream and downstream sealing flows. The probe measurements have identified an outer region in the wheel-space and confirmed the expected flow structure. For the first time, asymmetric variations of concentration have been shown to penetrate through the seal clearance and the outer portion of the wheel-space between the disks. For a given flow coefficient in the annulus, the concentration profiles were invariant with rotational Reynolds number. The measurements also reveal that the egress provides a film-cooling benefit on the vane and rotor platforms. Further, these measurements provide unprecedented insight into the flow interaction and provide quantitative data for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) validation, which should help to reduce the use of purge and improve engine efficiency.

Digital x-ray mapping of nanometer-size supported bimetallic catalysts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
L. T. Germinario
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Metal Cluster ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Induced Changes

Understanding the role of metal cluster composition in determining catalytic selectivity and activity is of major interest in heterogeneous catalysis. The electron microscope is well established as a powerful tool for ultrastructural and compositional characterization of support and catalyst. Because the spatial resolution of x-ray microanalysis is defined by the smallest beam diameter into which the required number of electrons can be focused, the dedicated STEM with FEG is the instrument of choice. The main sources of errors in energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS) are: (1) beam-induced changes in specimen composition, (2) specimen drift, (3) instrumental factors which produce background radiation, and (4) basic statistical limitations which result in the detection of a finite number of x-ray photons. Digital beam techniques have been described for supported single-element metal clusters with spatial resolutions of about 10 nm. However, the detection of spurious characteristic x-rays away from catalyst particles produced images requiring several image processing steps.

Consideraciones en torno a la reducción solipsista

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Carolina Petrillo

ResumenEn el presente trabajo se intentará mostrar que la fenomenología no conduce a una postura solipsista. Para ello, se caracterizará en qué consiste el solipsismo. Luego, se intentará refutar a lo que se ha de llamar “solipsismo metafísico” y “solipsismo gnoseológico”, con el objetivo principal de poner de manifiesto el fundamento de motivación para la salida de la ficción solipsista.Palabras claves:Phenomenology – solipsim – empatía - HusserlAbstractWith the aim of showing that phenomenology does not lead in solipsism, I will first attempt a characterization of it. Then, I will attempt a refutation of the so-called “metaphysical” and “epistemological” solipsisms. Finally, the nature and role of Husserl´s solipsistic fiction is examined, and the grounds that motivate the overcoming of this standpoint are disclosed.key wordsFenomenología – solipsismo - empathy – Husserl

ART STUDIOS – A WAY TO DEVELOPE CHILDREN’S IMAGINATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Liuba Zlatkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Complete Product ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Role Of Parents

The report describes the steps for creating a musical tale by children in the art studios of „Art Workshop“, Shumen. These studios are led by students volunteers related to the arts from pedagogical department of Shumen University, and are realized in time for optional activities in the school where the child studies. The stages of creating a complete product with the help of different arts are traced – from the birth of the idea; the creation of a fairy tale plot by the children; the characterization of the fairy-tale characters; dressing them in movement, song and speech; creating sets and costumes and creating a finished product to present on stage. The role of parents as a link and a necessary helper for children and leaders is also considered, as well as the positive psychological effects that this cooperation creates.

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