Multidisciplinary Optimization of Supersonic Aircraft Including Low-Boom Considerations

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joël Brezillon ◽  
Gerald Carrier ◽  
Martin Laban
Keyword(s):  
Delta Wing ◽  
Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽  
Sonic Boom ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Supersonic Aircraft ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Multidisciplinary Analysis ◽  
Business Jet ◽  
Aircraft Performance

This paper presents a multidisciplinary optimization framework developed by the authors and applied to small-size supersonic aircraft. The multidisciplinary analysis suite is based on the combination of low (empirical) and high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structure mechanics (CSM) tools for predicting the overall aircraft performance and the sonic boom overpressure at supersonic flight, which represents the most challenging environmental constraint for supersonic aircraft. The analysis suite is coupled with a multi-objective optimization strategy for quantifying the trade-off between the maximum take-off weight, mission range, and the sonic boom overpressure. The optimization framework is applied to a small-size supersonic business-jet cruising at Mach number M = 1.8 and featuring a double delta wing. The trade-offs between disciplines are well captured and an optimized configuration achieving the target mission range with a lower maximum take-off weight, and a moderate sonic boom signature is obtained through changes in wing dihedral and sweep. A more drastic reduction of the sonic boom signature is also obtained but at the cost of a significant reduction of the aircraft performance.

scholarly journals Conceptual design of sonic boom stealth supersonic transports

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yicheng Sun ◽  
Howard Smith
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Sonic Boom ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Supersonic Aircraft ◽  
Business Jet ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Aircraft Conceptual Design

AbstractThis paper introduces a supersonic transport aircraft design model developed in the GENUS aircraft conceptual design environment. A conceptual design model appropriate to supersonic transports with low-to-medium-fidelity methods are developed in GENUS. With this model, the authors reveal the relationship between the sonic boom signature and the lift and volume distributions and the possibility to optimise the lift distribution and volume distribution together so that they can cancel each other at some region. A new inspiring design concept—sonic boom stealth is proposed by the authors. The sonic boom stealth concept is expected to inspire the supersonic aircraft designers to design low-boom concepts through aircraft shaping and to achieve low ground impacts. A family of different classes of supersonic aircraft, including a single-seat supersonic demonstrator (0.47 psf), a 10-passenger supersonic business jet (0.90 psf) and a 50-seat supersonic airliner (1.02 psf), are designed to demonstrate the sonic boom stealth design principles. Although, there are challenges to balance the volume with packaging and control requirements, these concepts prove the feasibility of low-boom low-drag design for supersonic transports from a multidisciplinary perspective.

scholarly journals Airworthiness and Conceptual Design Optimization Considerations of the Environmental Impact Assessment of a Supersonic Business Jet Aircraft

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Lappas ◽  
Nikolaos Pergamalis
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Supersonic Aircraft ◽  
Business Jet ◽  
Aircraft Performance ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Certification Requirements

In recent years, the anticipation of sustainable supersonic passenger jet operations has elevated again. The progress achieved in propulsion together with the increased usage of composite materials favour the potential of sustained and cost efficient supersonic commercial operations. However, obstacles remain with regards to the certification of the new supersonic aircraft platforms, while the two main certification bodies EASA and FAA are under pressure to develop certification requirements which will reassure that the supersonic operations are going to have the least possible environmental impact. From a design perspective, past and current research suggests that there is a trade-off between the aircraft performance and the environmental impact, which should be balanced. The current study attempts to balance this trade-off and to conceptually design a SuperSonic Business Jet (SSBJ) by taking into account environmental concerns of the supersonic flight together with design methods that facilitate a sustained supersonic cruise. An environmental impact assessment is undertaken for the SSBJ design and its results are compared to a typical commercial subsonic airliner.

scholarly journals Airworthiness and Conceptual Design Optimization Considerations of the Environmental Impact Assessment of a Supersonic Business Jet Aircraft

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Lappas ◽  
Nikolaos Pergamalis
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Supersonic Jet ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Supersonic Aircraft ◽  
Business Jet ◽  
Aircraft Performance ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Certification Requirements

In recent years, the anticipation of sustainable commercial supersonic jet operations has elevated again. Advances in propulsion together with the increased usage of composite materials favour the potential of sustained and cost efficient supersonic commercial operations. However, obstacles remain with regards to the certification of the new supersonic aircraft platforms, while the two main certification bodies EASA and FAA are under pressure to develop certification requirements which will reassure that the supersonic operations are going to have the least possible environmental impact. From a design perspective, past and current research suggests that a trade-off exists between the aircraft performance and the environmental impact, which should be balanced. The current study attempts to balance this trade-off and to conceptually design a SuperSonic Business Jet (SSBJ) by taking into account environmental concerns of the supersonic flight together with design methods that facilitate a sustained supersonic cruise. An environmental impact assessment is undertaken for the SSBJ design and its results are compared to a typical commercial subsonic airliner.

A holistic optimization framework for forest machine trail network design accounting for multiple objectives and machines

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hosseini ◽  
Ola Lindroos ◽  
Eddie Wadbro
Keyword(s):  
Network Design ◽  
Multiple Objectives ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Optimal Network Design ◽  
Optimal Network ◽  
Ecological Objectives ◽  
Holistic Optimization ◽  
The Impact

Ground-based mechanized forestry requires the traversal of terrain by heavy machines. The routes that they take are often called “machine trails” and are created by removing trees from the trail and placing the logs outside it. Designing an optimal machine trail network is a complex locational problem that requires understanding how forestry machines can operate on the terrain, as well as the trade-offs between various economic and ecological aspects. Machine trail designs are currently created manually based on intuitive decisions about the importance, correlations, and effects of many potentially conflicting aspects. Badly designed machine trail networks could result in costly operations and adverse environmental impacts. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a holistic optimization framework for machine trail network design. Key economic and ecological objectives involved in designing machine trail networks for mechanized cut-to-length operations are presented, along with strategies for simultaneously addressing multiple objectives while accounting for the physical capabilities of forestry machines, the impact of slope, and the operating costs. Ways of quantitatively formulating and combining these different aspects are demonstrated, together with examples showing how the optimal network design changes in response to various inputs.

Analysis and Optimization of a Passive Micromixer With Curved-Shaped Baffles for Efficient Mixing With Low Pressure Loss in Continuous Flow

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar A. Cortes-Quiroz ◽  
Alireza Azarbadegan ◽  
Emadaldin Moeendarbary ◽  
Mehrdad Zangeneh
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Outlet Section ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Mixing Index ◽  
Trade Offs

Numerical simulations and an optimization method are used to study the design of a planar T-micromixer with curved-shaped baffles in the mixing channel. The mixing efficiency and the pressure loss in the mixing channel have been evaluated for Reynolds number (Re) in the mixing channel in the range 1 to 250. A Mixing index (Mi) has been defined to quantify the mixing efficiency. Three geometric dimensions: radius of baffle, baffles pitch and height of the channel, are taken as design parameters, whereas the mixing index at the outlet section and the pressure loss in the mixing channel are the performance parameters used to optimize the micromixer geometry. To investigate the effect of design and operation parameters on the device performance, a systematic design and optimization methodology is applied, which combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with an optimization strategy that integrates Design of Experiments (DOE), Surrogate modeling (SM) and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) techniques. The Pareto front of designs with the optimum trade-offs of mixing index and pressure loss is obtained for different values of Re. The micromixer can enhance mixing using the mechanisms of diffusion (lower Re) and convection (higher Re) to achieve values over 90%, in particular for Re in the order of 100 that has been found the cost-effective level for volume flow. This study applies a systematic procedure for evaluation and optimization of a planar T-mixer with baffles in the channel that promote transversal 3-D flow as well as recirculation secondary flows that enhance mixing.

Flight phase and altitude-dependent geometrical vertical flight plan optimization minimizing the total number of vertical plan segments

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (13) ◽  
pp. 4825-4838
Author(s):  
Bogdan Dumitru Dancila ◽  
Benoit Beulze ◽  
Ruxandra Mihaela Botez
Keyword(s):  
Flight Path ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Geometrical Construction ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Flight Phase ◽  
Flight Plan ◽  
Plan Optimization ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Aircraft Performance

This paper presents a new method for the geometrical construction of an optimal vertical flight plan associated to a provided lateral flight plan defined as a succession of waypoints characterized by their along-the-track distance relative to the first waypoint and their constraints. The principal objective of the proposed method is the minimization of the total number of vertical flight plan segments, whose slope values closest match the values set for their corresponding flight phase and altitude. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it constructs the optimized vertical flight plan employing faster—and less-intensive computations than methods based solely on aircraft performance models. Also, the proposed algorithm has the advantage of generating ground-fixed predicted vertical flight plans which, when flown, are less sensitive to varying wind conditions, thus, smaller trajectory deviations than those computed using solely the model-based algorithms. Two implementations corresponding to different trade-offs between conflicting preferred gradient and minimal segment length constraints were compared. The results show that a vertical flight path segment’s construction and resulting configuration is dependent on the configuration of the vertical flight plan segments that precede it. The results also show that for a majority of the test cases, the resulting flight plans computed using the two implementations were identical. Moreover, even when the flight plans were not completely identical, many of the corresponding segments were identical.

Meteorological Parameters Affecting Supersonic Transport Operations

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Scherhag ◽  
Gunter Warnecke ◽  
Werner Wehry
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Sonic Boom ◽  
Atmospheric Ozone ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Free Atmosphere ◽  
Supersonic Transport ◽  
Supersonic Aircraft ◽  
Initial Task

In 1965, following the Eastbourne Conference, the British, French and German Institutes of Navigation formed a Working Group to make a study of the environment in which the supersonic transport will operate and of its implications for the navigation of such aircraft. The Group's initial task has been one of education, largely through discussion of a series of papers submitted to it. Some of the papers considered have already been published in the Journal (Vol. 19) and a further selection is published below. Table I was contributed by Mr. G. E. Beck. The illustrations to these papers have not all been reproduced.1. Atmospheric Conditions. It will be useful to distinguish between different kinds of atmospheric influences on supersonic aircraft operations. They may be classed as follows:(a) Sporadic effects near the ground(b) Sporadic effects in the free atmosphere(c) Effects on sonic boom(d) Effects of atmospheric ozone(e) Permanently effective atmospheric parameters, such as temperature, density and wind.

Decision-Based Collaborative Optimization Under Uncertainty

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Gu ◽  
John E. Renaud ◽  
Leah M. Ashe ◽  
Stephen M. Batill ◽  
Amarjit S. Budhiraja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Design ◽  
Collaborative Optimization ◽  
Optimization Under Uncertainty ◽  
System Level ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Multidisciplinary Systems ◽  
Decision Based Design

Abstract In this research a Collaborative Optimization (CO) approach for multidisciplinary systems design is used to develop a decision based design framework for non-deterministic optimization. To date CO strategies have been developed for use in application to deterministic systems design problems. In this research the decision based design (DBD) framework proposed by Hazelrigg (1996a, 1998) is modified for use in a collaborative optimization framework. The Hazelrigg framework as originally proposed provides a single level optimization strategy that combines engineering decisions with business decisions in a single level optimization. By transforming the Hazelrigg framework for use in collaborative optimization one can decompose the business and engineering decision making processes. In the new multilevel framework of Decision Based Collaborative Optimization (DBCO) the business decisions are made at the system level. These business decisions result in a set of engineering performance targets that disciplinary engineering design teams seek to satisfy as part of subspace optimizations. The Decision Based Collaborative Optimization framework more accurately models the existing relationship between business and engineering in multidisciplinary systems design.

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