Information and Communication – The Limits of Media Discourse. Case Study – Romanian School in the News

In this study we propose an analysis of the media discourse on education. This paper is based on questions such as: in what manner is the media an echo for the public policy authors, for the dominant ideology, and what are the stories featuring the school topic. Using the content analysis, we aimed to find the narrative frames, and a map of the most cited journalistic sources. We found that the media is a very important source for public agenda. In fact, the media is one of the most powerful public and social policy agents. Our analysis covers the journalistic discourse in Romania for a period of one year, from the moment of declaring the state of emergency. One of the hypotheses was that the type of journalistic discourse under analysis is specific to crisis communication. Regarding the corpus of texts, we selected a publication where there are published only features on education, edupedu.ro, a quality publication with stories from different fields, including education, libertatea.ro, and a soft publication, kanald.ro. The texts were analysed from a multidisciplinary perspective, in order to define and describe a narrative pattern. One of our main findings is this fear of contaminating the quality press with false information. And, as a consequence, we have found a journalistic conformism and a lake of creativity and new approaches, respectively assuming a role of facilitating the information, of carrier, rather than of a watchdog.

Conceptual design of sonic boom stealth supersonic transports

This paper introduces a supersonic transport aircraft design model developed in the GENUS aircraft conceptual design environment. A conceptual design model appropriate to supersonic transports with low-to-medium-fidelity methods are developed in GENUS. With this model, the authors reveal the relationship between the sonic boom signature and the lift and volume distributions and the possibility to optimise the lift distribution and volume distribution together so that they can cancel each other at some region. A new inspiring design concept—sonic boom stealth is proposed by the authors. The sonic boom stealth concept is expected to inspire the supersonic aircraft designers to design low-boom concepts through aircraft shaping and to achieve low ground impacts. A family of different classes of supersonic aircraft, including a single-seat supersonic demonstrator (0.47 psf), a 10-passenger supersonic business jet (0.90 psf) and a 50-seat supersonic airliner (1.02 psf), are designed to demonstrate the sonic boom stealth design principles. Although, there are challenges to balance the volume with packaging and control requirements, these concepts prove the feasibility of low-boom low-drag design for supersonic transports from a multidisciplinary perspective.

Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a Dutch Cohort of Very Preterm Infants: Prevalence, Mortality, and Long-Term Outcomes

Introduction To improve counseling of parents and to guide care strategies, we studied the disease course and outcomes of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) up to 2 years of corrected age (CA) from a multidisciplinary perspective. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study in preterm infants (birth weight < 1,500 g, gestational age < 32 weeks), diagnosed with NEC (Bell's stage ≥ II) from 2008 through 2020. Data on prevalence, mortality, surgery, intestinal failure (IF), growth, and neurodevelopment at 2-year follow-up were separately analyzed for medically and surgically treated children. Results Of 3,456 preterm infants, 200 (6%) were diagnosed with NEC, of whom 135 developed an indication for surgery within 7 days after the diagnosis; 28/135 died before surgery, and 37/107 died after an open-and-close procedure. An enterostomy was constructed in 62 patients and an end-to-end anastomosis in 15. The postoperative course was described for 77 patients, of whom 23 developed surgical complications (12/23 incisional hernias, 9/23 anastomotic strictures), 13/77 a short bowel, and 25/77 IF. Sixty-day survival after birth for medical NEC patients was 88% (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.698; p = 0.318), and for surgically treated NEC patients was 40% (HR: 3.729; p < 0.001). At 2-year follow-up, one patient received parenteral nutrition. Severe delay in weight for age, motor, and cognitive development was seen in 3, 6, and 2%, respectively. Conclusion In this cohort, the mortality rate was high, especially in surgically treated NEC patients. The surgical complication rate is comparable to previous studies, but in surviving patients, persisting IF and severe delay in growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years CA were relatively rare.

The Contribution of Neuroscience and Health Psychology to Macroergonomics

When a work system is considered we must focus on people that are part of the system as an active agent that can participate and interact all along the working process. In this process, stress contributes to increasing the probability of diseases and accidents. Therefore, one of the main objectives, from a preventive perspective, is to reduce stress levels. Related to this, the characteristics of healthy organizations will be described as a model to promote health. The objective of this chapter is to offer a broad and multidisciplinary perspective of prevention risk in the workplace centered in the worker, taking the view of neuroscience and health psychology. For that purpose, stress interventions in the organizations and in the individuals will be outlined. Finally, this chapter would finish proposing a preventive intervention to improve healthier work environments, taking into account neurosciences and health psychology. This proposal will be based on improving lifestyle, education for health, and self-respect.

Intellectural Structure of the “Extreme Poverty” Research Field

The main objective of this work is to know the situation of the intellectual structure of the scientific community researching “extreme poverty,” especially to identify the most relevant authors, journals, and descriptors. In addition, the authors intend to present evidence that allows these researchers and other interested groups to improve the efficiency in acquiring high-impact knowledge on the topic. Through bibliometric analysis, both at the count and relationship levels (in this case with social network analysis [SNA] technique), they have carried out a study of the characteristics and intellectual structure of the academic and scientific network that has addressed the issue of extreme poverty. This work makes an important contribution to the literature on “extreme poverty” since it is the first known work that raises the intellectual structure of this topic from a multidisciplinary perspective.

Evaluating the Use of Digital Cartography to Showcase the Intangible Heritage

New narratives are essential for ensuring the sustainability of tourist destinations and improving visitor experience. One key resource destination that can be drawn on is intangible heritage, which digital cartography can help visitors to interpret. The overall objective of this chapter is to analyze—from a multidisciplinary perspective—the opportunities digital cartography offers for the exploitation of literary heritage. The authors present an evaluation tool (validated by experts), whose aim is to analyze the different dimensions and elements that should be incorporated in digital maps. The intention is to enable the analysis of existing digital literary tourism maps and to encourage the future use of the many options offered by digital cartography in maps of this nature.

Health Behaviors During the COVID-19 Epidemic: Perspectives From Studying International Coping and Compliance

Control of the COVID-19 pandemic requires significant changes in people’s health behaviors. We offer this multidisciplinary perspective on the extent of compliance with social distancing recommendations and on coping with these measures around the globe in the first months of the pandemic. We present descriptive data from our survey of 17,650 respondents across 18 countries and territories in June 2020. The majority of respondents worried about contracting the virus. Nearly all engaged in at least some preventive behaviors, particularly handwashing, mask wearing, and avoiding social events. Most reported that it would be difficult to continue these behaviors for more than a few months, and about half reported feeling more anxious since the start of the pandemic. Commonly reported coping behaviors included news consumption, watching television, and sleeping. Our cross-national study highlights areas for developing and implementing health behavior interventions in the global fight to stop the spread of COVID-19.