Multi-Layer Mini-Channel and Ribbed Mini-Channel Based High Performance Cooling Configurations for Automotive Inverters—Part A: Design and Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritish R. Parida ◽  
Srinath V. Ekkad ◽  
Khai Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Power Control ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Necessitated by the dwindling supply of petroleum resources, various new automotive technologies have been actively developed from the perspective of achieving energy security and diversifying energy sources. Hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles are a few such examples. Such diversification requires the use of power control units essentially for power control, power conversion, and power conditioning applications such as variable speed motor drives (dc–ac conversion), dc–dc converters and other similar devices. The power control unit of a hybrid electric vehicle or electric vehicle is essentially the brain of the hybrid system as it manages the power flow between the electric motor generator, battery and gas engine. Over the last few years, the performance of this power control unit has been improved and size has been reduced to attain higher efficiency and performance, causing the heat dissipation as well as heat density to increase significantly. Efforts are constantly being made to reduce this size even further. As a consequence, a better high performance cooler/heat exchanger is required to maintain the active devices temperature within optimum range. Cooling schemes based on multiple parallel channels are a few solutions which have been widely used to dissipate transient and steady concentrated heat loads and can be applied to existing cooling system with minor modifications. The aim of the present study has therefore been to study the various cooling options based on mini-channel and rib-turbulated mini-channel cooling for application in a hybrid electric vehicle and other similar consumer products, and perform a parametric and optimization study on the selected designs. Significant improvements in terms of thermal performance, reduced overall pressure drop, and volume reduction have been shown both experimentally and numerically. This paper is the first part in a two part submission and focuses on the design and evaluation of mini-channel and rib-turbulated mini-channel cooling configurations. The second part of this paper discusses the manufacturing and testing of the cooling device.

High Efficiency Minichannel and Mini-Impingement Cooling Systems for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Electronics

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinath V. Ekkad ◽  
Pritish Parida ◽  
Khai Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
And Performance

Over the years, electronic equipment, especially semiconductor based devices, have found their applications in almost all fields of research. The demand for more power and performance from such electronic equipment has constantly been growing resulting in an increased amount of heat dissipation from these devices. While conventional cooling solutions have performed the task of heat removal, no straightforward extension has been possible for significantly high heat fluxes dissipated by smaller and more efficient electronic devices. Thermal management of high-density power control unit for hybrid electric vehicle is one such challenging application. Over the last few years, the performance of this power control unit has been improved and size has been reduced to attain higher efficiency and performance causing the heat dissipation as well as heat density to increase significantly. Efforts are constantly being made to reduce the PCU size even further and also to reduce the manufacturing costs. As a consequence, heat density will go up (∼200–250 W/cm2) and thus, a better high performance cooler/heat exchanger is required which can operate under the existing cooling system design (pressure drop limitation) and at the same time, maintain active devices temperature within optimum range (<120–125°C) for higher reliability. The focus of this paper is to discuss the development of various cooling options for high heat flux dissipating devices with severe size constraints. A parametric and optimization study on the selected designs was performed. Finally, the optimized cooler/heat exchanger was tested under actual running conditions. The methodology was to explore various high performance cooling options such as impinging jets, pin fins, and ribbed mini-channels and to arrive at new promising, conceptual designs. These new designs were then compared against similar conventional designs both numerically and experimentally. Additionally, conjugate heat transfer simulations were performed on partial packaging model to compare the various designs. Experiments were also performed to validate the simulation models and characterize the meshing parameters to perform cost and time effective calculations/simulations.

scholarly journals Design Requirements of Solar Powered Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4635-4641
Author(s):  
GouthamiEragamreddy Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Solar Powered

The Paper is focused to give the design requirements of SPPHEV (Solar Powered Plug in Hybrid Electric vehicle), which is one of the solution to reduce the air pollution. As transportation in India is mainly dependent on Fossil fuels to drive the vehicle. Installation of Solar panels on the roof top of Electric vehicle is proposed in this paper which helps to adopt the full range electric vehicles in near future. The proposed model is solar powered PHEV (SPPHEV) in which the vehicle battery gets charged with multiple energy sources specifically Power from Photo voltaic (PV), Grid power, Regenerative power and Engine power. Vehicle Control Unit is designed to standardize the flow of power from the energy sources available and also to monitor SOC (State of Charge) of the battery.

Multirate Integration in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Virtual Proving Grounds

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Solis ◽  
Chris Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Differential Algebraic Equations ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Abstract In recent years technology development for the design of electric and hybrid-electric vehicle systems has reached a peak, due to ever increasing restrictions on fuel economy and reduced vehicle emissions. An international race among car manufacturers to bring production hybrid-electric vehicles to market has generated a great deal of interest in the scientific community. The design of these systems requires development of new simulation and optimization tools. In this paper, a description of a real-time numerical environment for Virtual Proving Grounds studies for hybrid-electric vehicles is presented. Within this environment, vehicle models are developed using a recursive multibody dynamics formulation that results in a set of Differential-Algebraic Equations (DAE), and vehicle subsystem models are created using Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE). Based on engineering knowledge of vehicle systems, two time scales are identified. The first time scale, referred to as slow time scale, contains generalized coordinates describing the mechanical vehicle system that includs the chassis, steering rack, and suspension assemblies. The second time scale, referred to as fast time scale, contains the hybrid-electric powertrain components and vehicle tires. Multirate techniques to integrate the combined set of DAE and ODE in two time scales are used to obtain computational gains that will allow solution of the system’s governing equations for state derivatives, and efficient numerical integration in real time.

Investigation of Parameter Effect to Performance of Battery's Cooling System

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 2015-2019
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhe Li ◽  
Xiao Ming Pan ◽  
Ming Ren ◽  
Mei Qin Li ◽  
Gui Ying Shen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Hybrid Electric

With the heightened concern for energy consumption and environment conservation, the interest on fuel cell HEV (hybrid electric vehicle) has been greatly increased. In this study, a numerical model for the cooling system of batteries was constructed. Using the constructed analysis model, the material of the cartridge and the cartridge width were checked for improving the performance of the cooling system of batteries. The performance was changed by using different cartridge material, and the cartridge width also has an effect to the performance of the cooling system of batteries as shown in the analysis results. The constructed model and method can be used to investigate the performance of the cooling system of batteries.

Control Strategy of Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Driving Style Identification

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 1587-1596
Author(s):  
Xian Zhi Tang ◽  
Shu Jun Yang ◽  
Huai Cheng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Entropy Theory ◽  
Driving Style ◽  
Identification Error ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
Hybrid Electric

The driving style comprehensive identification method based on the entropy theory is presented. The error and error proportion of each identification result are calculated. The entropy and the variation degree of the identification error of each identification method are calculated based on the definition of information entropy. According to the entropy and the variation degree of the identification error, the weight of each kind of identification method can be determined in the comprehensive identification method, and the driving style comprehensive identification algorithm is derived. The control strategy of hybrid electric vehicles based on the driving style identification is proposed. The economic control strategy and dynamic control strategy are established. Depending on the results of driving style identification, aiming at different kinds of drivers, the mode of control strategies can be adjusted, so the demands of different kinds of drivers can be satisfied. The hybrid electric vehicle simulation model and control strategy model are built, and the simulations have been done. Due to the simulation results, the drivers’ intention comprehensive identification method based on the entropy theory is proved to represent the driver’s driving style systematically and comprehensively, and the hybrid electric vehicle control strategy based on the driving style identification can make the vehicles satisfy different drivers’ demands.

An Integrated Cooling System for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Motors: Design and Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junkui (Allen) Huang ◽  
Shervin Shoai Naini ◽  
Richard miller ◽  
John R. Wagner ◽  
Denise Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Hybrid Electric

scholarly journals Real-Time Co-optimization of Vehicle Route and Speed Using Generic Algorithm for Improved Fuel Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (03) ◽  
pp. S08-S15
Author(s):  
Guoming G. Zhu ◽  
Chengsheng Miao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Making future vehicles intelligent with improved fuel economy and satisfactory emissions are the main drivers for current vehicle research and development. The connected and autonomous vehicles still need years or decades to be widely used in practice. However, some advanced technologies have been developed and deployed for the conventional vehicles to improve the vehicle performance and safety, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), automatic parking, automatic lane keeping, active safety, super cruise, and so on. On the other hand, the vehicle propulsion system technologies, such as clean and high efficiency combustion, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and electric vehicle, are continuously advancing to improve fuel economy with satisfactory emissions for traditional internal combustion engine powered and hybrid electric vehicles or to increase cruise range for electric vehicles.

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