Economic Feasibility Study of Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration Systems by an Optimization Approach

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Gamou ◽  
Katsuhiro Joko ◽  
Ryohei Yokoyama ◽  
Koichi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Economic Characteristic

Economic characteristic of micro gas turbine cogeneration systems for commercial and public purposes is evaluated rationally by an optimization method. The number of multiple kinds of micro gas turbine cogeneration units, capacities of other pieces of equipment and utility maximum contract demands are determined so as to minimize the annual total cost in consideration of operational strategies for energy demand requirements. Numerical studies are carried out on systems installed in hotels or office buildings. Through the studies, the following are clarified: (a) the relationships between the number of the installed micro gas turbine cogeneration units and the maximum electricity demands of hotels and office buildings, and (b) the economic effects of the micro gas turbine cogeneration units.

Parametric Study on Economic Feasibility of Microturbine Cogeneration Systems by an Optimization Approach

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Gamou ◽  
Ryohei Yokoyama ◽  
Koichi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Equation Problem ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Cogeneration System

Economic feasibility of microturbine cogeneration systems is investigated by analyzing relationships between the optimal number of microturbine units and the maximum energy demands under various conditions. For this purpose, a method to obtain the maximum energy demand at which the optimal number changes is proposed by combining a nonlinear equation problem and an optimal unit sizing problem hierarchically. Based on the proposed method, a map expressing the aforementioned relationships can be illustrated. Through numerical studies carried out on systems installed in hotels by changing the electrical generating efficiency and the capital unit cost of the microturbine cogeneration unit as parameters, the influence of the parameters on the economic feasibility of the microturbine cogeneration system is clarified.

Optimal Multistage Expansion Planning of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Yokoyama ◽  
K. Ito ◽  
Y. Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Expansion Planning ◽  
Heating And Cooling

A multistage expansion planning problem is discussed concerning a gas turbine cogeneration plant for district heating and cooling using an optimization approach. An optimal sizing method for single-stage planning proposed by the authors is extended to this case. Equipment capacities and utility maximum demands at each expansion stage are determined so as to minimize the levelized annual total cost subject to increasing energy demands. A numerical study on a simple-cycle gas turbine cogeneration plant to be installed in a district development project clarifies the relationship between optimal expansion planning and energy demand trend, and shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine and ORC Bottoming Cycle: Optimal Biomass/Natural Gas CHP Configuration for Residential Energy Demand

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Mario Camporeale ◽  
Patrizia Domenica Ciliberti ◽  
Bernardo Fortunato ◽  
Marco Torresi ◽  
Antonio Marco Pantaleo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Residential Energy Demand ◽  
Heat Demand

Small scale Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants present lower electric efficiency in comparison to large scale ones, and this is particularly true when biomass fuels are used. In most cases, the use of both heat and electricity to serve on site energy demand is a key issue to achieve acceptable global energy efficiency and investment profitability. However, the heat demand follows a typical daily and seasonal pattern and is influenced by climatic conditions, in particular in the case of residential and tertiary end users. During low heat demand periods, a lot of heat produced by the CHP plant is discharged. In order to increase the electric conversion efficiency of small scale micro turbine for heat and power cogeneration, a bottoming ORC system can be coupled to the cycle, however this option reduces the temperature and quantity of cogenerated heat available to the load. In this perspective, the paper presents the results of a thermo-economic analysis of small scale CHP plants composed by a micro gas turbine (MGT) and a bottoming Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), serving a typical residential energy demand. For the topping cycle three different configurations are examined: 1) a simple recuperative micro gas turbine fuelled by natural gas (NG), 2) a dual fuel EFGT cycle, fuelled by biomass and natural gas (50% energy input) (DF) and 3) an externally fired gas turbine (EFGT) with direct combustion of biomass (B). The bottoming cycle is a simple saturated Rankine cycle with regeneration and no superheating. The ORC cycle and the fluid selection are optimized on the basis of the available exhaust gas temperature at the turbine exit. The research assesses the influence of the thermal energy demand typology (residential demand with cold, mild and hot climate conditions) and CHP plant operational strategies (baseload vs heat driven vs electricity driven operation mode) on the global energy efficiency and profitability of the following three configurations: A) MGT with cogeneration; B) MGT+ ORC without cogeneration; C) MGT+ORC with cogeneration. In all cases, a back-up boiler is assumed to match the heat demand of the load (fed by natural gas or biomass). The research explores the profitability of bottoming ORC in view of the following tradeoffs: (i) lower energy conversion efficiency and higher investment cost of high biomass input rate with respect to natural gas; (ii) higher efficiency but higher costs and reduced heat available for cogeneration in the bottoming ORC; (ii) higher primary energy savings and revenues from feed-in tariff available for biomass electricity fed into the grid.

Acquisition of Operational Knowledge of an Industrial Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant by Optimization

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Yokoyama ◽  
K. Ito
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Operational Strategy ◽  
Advisory System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

A computer-aided advisory system is proposed which assists operators in operating an industrial gas turbine cogeneration plant rationally from the economic viewpoint. An optimization approach is adopted to acquire knowledge of the plant’s operational strategy. The on/off and rated/part load status for each piece of constituent equipment is determined so as to minimize the hourly operational cost subject to the energy demand requirement. Various restrictions which must be satisfied in a real operation are incorporated simultaneously. The operational strategy by optimization is compared with that by a real operation, using real data measured on several representative days. The operational status obtained for combinations of electricity and steam demands is illustrated by operational maps.

Analysis of Optimal Unit Numbers and Sizes for Microturbine Cogeneration Systems

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Gamou ◽  
Koichi Ito ◽  
Ryohei Yokoyama
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Annual Total

The relationships between unit numbers and capacities to be installed for microturbine cogeneration systems are analyzed from an economic viewpoint. In analyzing, an optimization approach is adopted. Namely, unit numbers and capacities are determined together with maximum contract demands of utilities such as electricity and natural gas so as to minimize the annual total cost in consideration of annual operational strategies corresponding to seasonal and hourly energy demand requirements. This optimization problem is formulated as a large-scale mixed-integer linear programming one. The suboptimal solution of this problem is obtained efficiently by solving several small-scale subproblems. Through numerical studies carried out on systems installed in hotels by changing the electrical generating/exhaust heat recovery efficiencies, the initial capital cost of the microturbine cogeneration unit and maximum energy demands as parameters, the influence of the parameters on the optimal numbers and capacities of the microturbine cogeneration units is clarified.

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts of a Solar Dish Coupled With a Micro-Gas Turbine for Power Generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Agostini ◽  
C. Carbone ◽  
M. Lanchi ◽  
A. Miliozzi ◽  
M. Misceo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Primary Energy Demand

Concentrated solar power (CSP) systems are regarded as a renewable energy source technology that can contribute to decoupling the energy mix from fossil fuel combustion and related environmental impacts. However, current small-scale CSP technologies (e.g., Dish-Stirling) have not entered the market yet due to high costs, complexity, and poor reliability. The EU-funded OMSoP (Optimised Microturbine Solar Power) project aimed at solving the small-scale CSP shortcomings by coupling a solar dish with the consolidated and relatively cheap technology of the micro gas turbine (MGT). In this study, an environmental life cycle assessment analysis of the production and operation of a CSP-MGT system is performed following an eco-design approach, thus identifying the environmental hotspots and how the system can be improved in terms of environmental impacts. The results of the analysis, per unit of electricity produced, were compared to other renewable technologies with the same level of dispatchability to better evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the system under exam. With regard to climate change, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the CSP-MGT system resulted in the same range as those generated by photovoltaic systems. However, the system can substantially be optimized and the GHG emissions per kWh can be reduced up to 73% with respect to the built prototype. The GHG emissions are much lower than the current Italian energy mix (by up to 94%). To reduce the environmental burden of CSP-MGT plants, the system design here considered should be revised by improving the component’s performance and significantly reducing the reflective surface and therefore the structural materials for the dish foundation and frame. The replacement of steel in the dish frame with aluminum increases all the environmental impact parameters and primary energy demand (17%–27% depending on the environmental category considered) but slightly reduces abiotic element depletion (by 9%).

Thermodynamic Analysis of Innovative Micro Gas Turbine Cycles

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homam Nikpey ◽  
Mohammad Mansouri Majoumerd ◽  
Mohsen Assadi ◽  
Peter Breuhaus
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Improvement Potential ◽  
Full Load Operation ◽  
Additional Demand ◽  
Gas Recirculation

The growing global energy demand has been faced with increasing concerns about climate change over recent decades. In order to cover the additional demand and to mitigate CO2 emissions, one option is to utilize renewable energies such as solar and wind power. These energy sources are, however, intermittent by nature. Therefore, it is inevitable that a quick balancing and back-up power should be available to maintain grid stability at a certain level. Gas turbine (GT) technology could certainly be one alternative for back-up/balancing power and could be utilized to complement renewable energy in the energy market. However, the GT industry needs to consider innovative cycle configurations to attain higher system performance and lower emissions and to cope with renewable powers. In this regard, the humid air turbine (HAT) cycle and the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cycle are amongst the promising GT cycles. In the current study a micro gas turbine (MGT), a Turbec T100, has been selected as the base case for further investigation. A thermodynamic model for the base case has been developed in IPSEpro software and validated using experimental data obtained from an existing test facility in Stavanger, Norway. Based on this validated model, system performance calculations for other alternative cycles, i.e. EGR and HAT cycles, have been carried out. Results confirm that the performance improvement potential is significant for the HAT cycle with only minor modifications to the baseline MGT cycle. The EGR cycle, with a maximum attainable recirculation ratio of 50%, shows a slightly lower level of performance compared to the base case. However, its potential for future CO2 capture is greater compared to the base case and the HAT cycle. The overall cycle efficiencies for the base case, the HAT, and the EGR cycles at full load operation, i.e. 100kW power, are 31.1%, 32.8%, and 30.4%, respectively.

Externally Fired Micro-Gas Turbine and Organic Rankine Cycle Bottoming Cycle: Optimal Biomass/Natural Gas Combined Heat and Power Generation Configuration for Residential Energy Demand

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Mario Camporeale ◽  
Patrizia Domenica Ciliberti ◽  
Bernardo Fortunato ◽  
Marco Torresi ◽  
Antonio Marco Pantaleo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Residential Energy Demand ◽  
Heat Demand

Small-scale combined heat and power (CHP) plants present lower electric efficiency in comparison to large scale ones, and this is particularly true when biomass fuels are used. In most cases, the use of both heat and electricity to serve on-site energy demand is a key issue to achieve acceptable global energy efficiency and investment profitability. However, the heat demand follows a typical daily and seasonal pattern and is influenced by climatic conditions, in particular in the case of residential and tertiary end users. During low heat demand periods, a lot of heat produced by the CHP plant is discharged. In order to increase the electric conversion efficiency of small-scale micro-gas turbine for heat and power cogeneration, a bottoming organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system can be coupled to the cycle, however, this option reduces the temperature and the amount of cogenerated heat available to the thermal load. In this perspective, the paper presents the results of a thermo-economic analysis of small-scale CHP plants composed of a micro-gas turbine (MGT) and a bottoming ORC, serving a typical residential energy demand. For the topping cycle, three different configurations are examined: (1) a simple recuperative micro-gas turbine fueled by natural gas (NG); (2) a dual fuel externally fired gas turbine (EFGT) cycle, fueled by biomass and natural gas (50% share of energy input) (DF); and (3) an externally fired gas turbine (EFGT) with direct combustion of biomass (B). The bottoming ORC is a simple saturated cycle with regeneration and no superheating. The ORC cycle and the fluid selection are optimized on the basis of the available exhaust gas temperature at the turbine exit. The research assesses the influence of the thermal energy demand typology (residential demand with cold, mild, and hot climate conditions) and CHP plant operational strategies (baseload versus heat-driven versus electricity-driven operation mode) on the global energy efficiency and profitability of the following three configurations: (A) MGT with cogeneration; (B) MGT+ ORC without cogeneration; and (C) MGT+ORC with cogeneration. In all cases, a back-up boiler is assumed to match the heat demand of the load (fed by natural gas or biomass). The research explores the profitability of bottoming ORC in view of the following trade-offs: (i) lower energy conversion efficiency and higher investment cost of biomass input with respect to natural gas; (ii) higher efficiency but higher costs and reduced heat available for cogeneration with the bottoming ORC; and (iii) higher primary energy savings and revenues from feed-in tariff available for biomass electricity fed into the grid.

Parametric Study on Economic Feasibility of Microturbine Cogeneration Systems by an Optimization Approach

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Gamou ◽  
Koichi Ito ◽  
Ryohei Yokoyama
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Equation Problem ◽  
Non Linear Equation ◽  
Cogeneration System

Economic feasibility of microturbine cogeneration systems is investigated by analyzing relationships between the optimal number of microturbine units and the maximum energy demands under various conditions. For this purpose, a method to obtain the maximum energy demand at which the optimal number changes is proposed by combining a non-linear equation problem and an optimal unit sizing problem hierarchically. Based on the proposed method, a map expressing the aforementioned relationships can be illustrated. Through numerical studies carried out on systems installed in hotels by changing the electrical generating efficiency and the capital unit cost of the microturbine cogeneration unit as parameters, the influence of the parameters on the economic feasibility of the microturbine cogeneration system is clarified.

The Application of the Combination of Monte Carlo Optimization Method based QSAR Modeling and Molecular Docking in Drug Design and Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1389-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Zivkovic ◽  
Marko Zlatanovic ◽  
Nevena Zlatanovic ◽  
Mladjan Golubović ◽  
Aleksandar M. Veselinović
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Computer Calculation ◽  
Molecular Graph ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Qsar Modeling ◽  
Monte Carlo Optimization ◽  
Molecular Docking Studies

In recent years, one of the promising approaches in the QSAR modeling Monte Carlo optimization approach as conformation independent method, has emerged. Monte Carlo optimization has proven to be a valuable tool in chemoinformatics, and this review presents its application in drug discovery and design. In this review, the basic principles and important features of these methods are discussed as well as the advantages of conformation independent optimal descriptors developed from the molecular graph and the Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) notation compared to commonly used descriptors in QSAR modeling. This review presents the summary of obtained results from Monte Carlo optimization-based QSAR modeling with the further addition of molecular docking studies applied for various pharmacologically important endpoints. SMILES notation based optimal descriptors, defined as molecular fragments, identified as main contributors to the increase/ decrease of biological activity, which are used further to design compounds with targeted activity based on computer calculation, are presented. In this mini-review, research papers in which molecular docking was applied as an additional method to design molecules to validate their activity further, are summarized. These papers present a very good correlation among results obtained from Monte Carlo optimization modeling and molecular docking studies.

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