scholarly journals Analysis of Flow Within Pump Impeller of Torque Converter

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoshio Tsujita ◽  
Shimpei Mizuki ◽  
Eiji Ejiri
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Meridional Plane ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Simple Method

It is difficult to measure flow patterns within rotating elements of a torque converter due to the complicated construction. Therefore, the numerical calculation is considered to be an effective tool to know the internal flow. Three-dimensional incompressible turbulent flow within a pump impeller of an automotive torque converter was analyzed numerically at three different speed ratios, 0.02, 0.4 and 0.8 under the same inlet boundary condition. The speed ratio was defined as the ratio of rotating speed of the turbine impeller to that of the pump. The governing equations using the k-ε model in the physical component tensor form were solved with a boundary-fitted coordinate system fixed on a rotating impeller. The solution algorithm was the SIMPLE method applied to the curvilinear coordinate system. The computed results were compared with those obtained experimentally by an oil film flow visualization technique for the pressure, suction, core and shell surfaces. Moreover, the results at three different speed ratios were examined in detail in order to clarify the behavior of secondary flow patterns. The computed results showed good agreement with the experimental results and clarified the behavior of the complicated flow patterns. The secondary flow patterns were strongly influenced by the correlation between the intensities of the Corinlis force (COF) and the centrifugal force due to the passage curvature in the meridional plane (CMF).

scholarly journals A Simulation of Secondary Flow in Centrifugal Impeller Channel by a Stationary Three-Dimensional Curved Duct

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimpei Mizuki ◽  
Hoshio Tsujita
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Centrifugal Impeller ◽  
Meridional Plane ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Tip Leakage Flow ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Qualitative Similarity

A duct with three-dimensional curvatures was employed in order to investigate the complex secondary flow patterns similar to those within centrifugal impellers. The curvature within a pair of co-cylindrical surfaces of the duct simulates that within the meridional plane of an impeller, and the curvature within the other pair of co-cylindrical surfaces perpendicular to the above-mentioned surfaces simulates the effect of the Coriolis force within the blade-to-blade surface. The computed and the measured results showed the qualitative similarity of the secondary flow patterns to those within centrifugal impellers except the effects of pressure rise by the centrifugal force generated by the impeller rotation and the tip leakage flow.

scholarly journals Semi-Inverse Design of Compressor Cascades, Including Supersonic Inflow

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kirschner ◽  
H. Stoff
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Axisymmetric Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Meridional Plane ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Blade Loading ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Blade Element

A cascade design-method is presented which complements the meridional through-flow design procedure of turbomachines. Starting from an axisymmetric flow field and the streamline geometry in the meridional plane this simple method produces a solution for the quasi three-dimensional flow field and the blade-element geometry on corresponding stream surfaces. In addition, it provides intra-blade data on loss and turning required for a consistent design and a convenient means of optimizing blade loading. The purpose of this paper is to describe the theoretical basis of the method and to illustrate its application in the design of transonic compressors.

scholarly journals Laser Velocimeter Measurements in the Stator of an Automotive Torque Converter

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 417-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Ainley ◽  
Ronald D. Flack
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Pressure Side ◽  
Suction Surface ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Pressure Surface ◽  
Mass Flow Rates

The flow field in the stator of a clear torque converter was studied using laser velocimetry. Five planes in the stator were studied at a speed ratio of 0.800 and three planes were studied at a speed ratio of 0.065. Data complements previously available pump and turbine data. Flow in the stator inlet plane is highly non-uniform due to the complicated flow exiting the turbine. At the 0.800 speed ratio, separation regions are located in the 1/4 and mid-planes in the corepressure corner region. In the 3/4 and exit planes, separation regions are located in the shellsuction corner. In the inlet plane a region of high velocities is located along the shell near the pressure side for a speed ratio of 0.800. The high velocity region migrated to the shell-suction corner and suction side in the 1/4 and mid-planes. The overall velocity field for the speed ratio of 0.065 changes significantly from the inlet plane to the mid-plane. The velocity magnitude generally decreases from the suction to the pressure side of the inlet plane and the general direction of the tangential velocity is from pressure-to-suction surface. At the speed ratio of 0.065 a strong secondary flow in the inlet from suction surface to pressure surface was seen. However, at the high speed ratio a moderate secondary flow in the inlet from pressure surface to suction surface was observed. Mass flow rates at the different planes are within the experimental uncertainty and also within the uncertainty of pump and turbine mass flow rates. The flow in the stator inlet plane are significantly influenced by the turbine relative blade position. The turbine influence on the mid-plane data is significantly less than on the inlet plane data. The influence of the pump blade position on the stator exit plane is small.

scholarly journals Effect of internal leakage on torque converter characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 168781402095996
Author(s):  
Xiong Pan ◽  
Chen Xinyuan ◽  
Sun Hongjun ◽  
Zhong Jiping ◽  
Zhen Chenping
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Pressure Pulsation ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Main Flow ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Simulation Accuracy ◽  
Leakage Area

To understand the effect of internal leakage on the torque field and characteristics of a torque converter (TC), a transient analysis was performed on the internal flow of a TC and the pressure pulsation characteristics of monitoring points in the convection channel. It was found that dividing the leakage area of the TC into a separate watershed improved simulation accuracy by 4%. When there was a leakage area, there were distinct collision, mixing, and assimilation stages between the leakage flow and the main flow. These phenomena caused energy loss that was highest at low speed ratios. However, the leakage flow always accounted for 12% of the main flow regardless of the speed ratio. At the same time, the leakage flow had a larger influence on pressure pulsation inside the TC and especially the low frequency band was more substantial. This shows that the leakage area has a large influence on the TC performance, energy loss, and flow state. Analysis of the leakage area showed that reducing the leakage area helps to improve powertrain performance and fuel economy.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Stator Exit Flow Field of an Automotive Torque Converter

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Marathe ◽  
B. Lakshminarayana ◽  
Y. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Rate Of Decay

The objective of this investigation is to understand the nature of the complex flow field inside each element of the torque converter through a systematic experimental and numerical investigation of the flow field. A miniature five-hole probe was used to acquire the data at the exit of the stator at several operating conditions. The flow field is found to be highly three dimensional with substantial flow deviations, and secondary flow at the exit of the stator. The secondary flow structure, caused by the upstream radial variation of the through flow, induces flow overturning near the core. Flow separation near the shell causes flow underturning in this region. The rate of decay of stator wake is found to be slower than that observed in the wakes of axial flow turbine nozzles. The flow predictions by a Navier–Stokes code are in good agreement with the pressure and the flow field measured at the exit of the stator at the design and the off-design conditions.

scholarly journals Laser Velocimeter Measurements in the Pump of an Automotive Torque Converter Part II – Effect of Pump Speed and Oil Viscosity

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Flack ◽  
Steven B. Ainley ◽  
Klaus Brun ◽  
Leonard Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Pump Speed ◽  
Mass Flows

The velocity field inside a torque converter pump was studied for two separate effects: variable pump rotational speed and variable oil viscosity. Three-dimensional velocity measurements were taken using a laser velocimeter for both the pump mid- and exit planes. The effect ofvariable pump rotational speed was studied by running the pump at two different speeds and holding speed ratio (pump rotational speed]turbine rotational speed) constant. Similarly, the effect of viscosity on the pump flow field was studied by varying the temperature and]or using two different viscosity oils as the working fluid in the pump. Threedimensional velocity vector plots, through-flow contour plots, and secondary flow profiles were obtained for both pump planes and all test conditions. Results showed that torque converter mass flows increased approximately linearly with increasing pump rotational speed (and fixed speed ratio) but that the flow was not directly proportional to pump rotational speed. However, mass flows were seen to decrease as the oil viscosity was decreased with a resulting increased Reynolds number; for these conditions the high velocity regions were seen to decrease in size and low velocity regions were seen to increase in size. In the pump mid-plane strong counter-clockwise secondary flows and in the exit plane strong clockwise secondary flows were observed. The vorticities and slip factors were calculated from the experimental results and are presented. The torque core-to-shell and blade-to-blade torque distributions were calculated for both planes. Finally, the flow fields were seen to demonstrate similitude when Reynolds numbers were matched.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Rotor/Rotor Interaction in a Hydrodynamic Torque Converter Using Hot-Film Anemometry

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Browarzik
Keyword(s):  
Computer Animation ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Ensemble Averaging ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Hot Film ◽  
Hot Film Anemometry

Unsteady flow measurements were performed to investigate the internal flow field of a torque converter, especially unsteady rotor/rotor-interaction in the region between pump exit and turbine inlet. Instantaneous flow data were measured with hot-film probes and a computer based data acquisition system. The commonly used ensemble averaging method was adapted to this special case with two independently rotating impellers. Velocity profiles of the flow in the relative frame of reference of the pump impeller were evaluated and they were used to generate a computer animation. The paper gives an overview over the test facilities and the background of the present investigations. It follows a discussion of some essential aspects concerning the use of hot-film anemometry. The methods used to evaluate the data are described in detail and measuring results of the region between pump exit and turbine inlet are presented.

A Photographic Study of the Three-Dimensional Flow in a Radial Compressor

1968 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Senoo ◽  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
M. Nishi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Vaneless Diffuser ◽  
Three Dimensional Flow ◽  
Radial Compressor ◽  
Dimensional Flow

In order to visualize the three-dimensional flow in the impeller and the vaneless diffuser of a centrifugal compressor, water is used as the working fluid and streak lines of colored water are photographed and examined. The test is made at an extremely low speed so that streak lines do not diffuse due to turbulent mixing. The streak lines clearly demonstrate several types of secondary flow, some of which agree with what have been speculated to exist in actual compressors. Most of observed secondary flow patterns are qualitatively understandable with existing theories.

Structure Design and Flow Field Simulation of Magnetic Liquid Suspension Centrifugal Blood Pump

2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Hua Chun Wu ◽  
Zheng Yuan Zhang ◽  
Pu Chen ◽  
Yong Wu Ren
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Blood Pump ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Centrifugal Blood Pump ◽  
Pump Design ◽  
Liquid Suspension

To reduce the energy consumption and blood damage of a centrifugal blood pump, this paper uses a permanent magnet bearing and blood flow pressure bearing to support blood pump impeller, design a magnetic fluid suspension centrifugal blood pump, three-dimensional numerical simulation of a magnetic fluid suspension centrifugal blood pump internal flow field, achieve the pressure of the blood pump flow channel and the velocity distribution, get the relationship between blood pressure and flow rate of the pump. The results can provide a theoretical basis for centrifugal blood pump design and improvement.

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