Intercooled Advanced Gas Turbines in Coal Gasification Plants, With Combined or “HAT” Power Cycle

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Chiesa ◽  
Giovanni Lozza
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
The One ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Due to their high efficiency and flexibility, aeroderivative gas turbines were often considered as a development basis for intercooled engines, thus providing better efficiency and larger power output. Those machines, originally studied for natural gas, are here considered as the power section of gasification plants for coal and heavy fuels. This paper investigates the matching between intercooled gas turbine, in complex cycle configurations including combined and HAT cycles, and coal gasification processes based on entrained-bed gasifiers, with syngas cooling accomplished by steam production or by full water-quench. In this frame, a good level of integration can be found (i.e. re-use of intercooler heat, availability of cool, pressurized air for feeding air separation units, etc.) to enhance overall conversion efficiency and to reduce capital cast. Thermodynamic aspects of the proposed systems are investigated, to provide an efficiency assessment, in comparison with mare conventional IGCC plants based on heavy-duty gas turbines. The results outline that elevated conversion efficiencies can be achieved by moderate-size intercooled gas turbines in combined cycle, while the HAT configuration presents critical development problems. On the basis of a preliminary cost assessment, cost of electricity produced is lower than the one obtained by heavy-duty machines of comparable size.

The Qualities of PRENFLO Coal Gas for Use in High-Efficiency Gas Turbines

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schellberg ◽  
Eberhard Kuske
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Cycle System

Up to now, gas turbines have mainly been built for use with liquid fuels or natural gas. For the new combined cycle system with integrated coal gasification, the quality of the feed gas has to match the requirements of the gas turbine, which is particularly important for high-efficiency gas turbines. The paper describes a combined cycle system with integrated PRENFLO coal gasification and, in particular, the treatment of the gas produced by the gasifier. This power plant concept — a highly integrated plant — is a joint development of Siemens/KWU and Krupp Koppers. Our coal gasification is based on the entrained-flow principle with dry coal dust feeding.

Progress Update for Commercial Plants of Air Blown IGCC

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Hashimoto ◽  
Katsuhiro Ota ◽  
Takashi Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Clean Coal ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
The Us ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Gas Price

Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) is attracting considerable attention as clean coal technology for several reasons, including rising natural gas price, escalating environmental scrutiny and fuel diversification. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) has developed an air-blown two stage entrained bed coal gasifier, which realizes the highest net plant efficiency by using a smaller ASU (Air Separation Unit), dry coal feed, and excellent reliability with a membrane water wall structure. A 250 MW demonstration plant is currently under construction in Japan and scheduled to start operation in 2007. This plant will validate MHI Air Blown technology under dispatching conditions. In the mean time, responding to increasing interest on this technology around the world, MHI is expediting the design of a 500MW IGCC plant to be operated with G class gas turbines. The MHI air blown gasifier concept is particularly attractive to the US market, not only because of the higher efficiency, when compared with oxygen blown designs, but because of its capability to handle a wide variety of coals including PRB. This paper will discuss what kind of IGCC will soon be commercially available and how it will fit practical needs in the US market showing the time schedule of realization of commercial plants and economical evaluation in addition to the technical integrity. MHI believes that IGCC is one of the most important clean coal technologies to contribute to worldwide energy security and environmental needs.

Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant With Coal Gasification and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lobachyov ◽  
H. J. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Overall Efficiency

The United States has extensive coal resources; thus, it is important to consider coal as a fuel for electric power production. This work presents a theoretical study of a novel high-efficiency coal-fired power plant. In the proposed combined cycle power plant, the Conoco coal gasification process is linked with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and state-of-the-art gas turbines. The overall efficiency of such a plant can be around 60 percent, considering realistic heat, pressure, and other losses in the different components of the plant. If an additional steam turbine is incorporated, the overall efficiency can be increased to about 62 percent.

Ancillary Services Potential for Flexible Combined Cycles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Vannoni ◽  
Jose Angel Garcia ◽  
Weimar Mantilla ◽  
Rafael Guedez ◽  
Alessandro Sorce
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Ancillary Service ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Ancillary Services Market

Abstract Combined Cycle Gas Turbines, CCGTs, are often considered as the bridging technology to a decarbonized energy system thanks to their high exploitation rate of the fuel energetic potential. At present time in most European countries, however, revenues from the electricity market on their own are insufficient to operate existing CCGTs profitably, also discouraging new investments and compromising the future of the technology. In addition to their high efficiency, CCGTs offer ancillary services in support of the operation of the grid such as spinning reserve and frequency control, thus any potential risk of plant decommissioning or reduced investments could translate into a risk for the well-functioning of the network. To ensure the reliability of the electricity system in a transition towards a higher share of renewables, the economic sustainability of CCGTs must be preserved, for which it becomes relevant to monetize properly the ancillary services provided. In this paper, an accurate statistical analysis was performed on the day-ahead, intra-day, ancillary service, and balancing markets for the whole Italian power-oriented CCGT fleet. The profitability of 45 real production units, spread among 6 market zones, was assessed on an hourly basis considering local temperature, specific plant layouts, and off-design performance. The assessment revealed that net income from the ancillary service market doubled, on average, the one from the day-ahead energy market. It was observed that to be competitive in the ancillary services market CCGTs are required to be more flexible in terms of ramp rates, minimum environmental loads, and partial load efficiencies. This paper explores how integrating a Heat Pump and a Thermal Energy Storage within a CCGT could allow improving its competitiveness in the ancillary services market, and thus its profitability, by means of implementing a model of optimal dispatch operating on the ancillary services market.

Investigation of Failures in Gas Turbines: Part 1 — Techniques and Principles of Failure Investigation

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Dundas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Logical Approach ◽  
Failure Investigation ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
The One ◽  
Aircraft Accident

This paper is Part 1 of a two-part paper on the principles and methods of failure investigation in gas turbines. The qualities of a successful failure investigator are presented, and the most efficacious approaches to an investigation are discussed. An example of an aircraft accident that might have been avoided is used to support the necessity for thorough and conclusive investigations into failures. Two case histories involving heavy-duty industrial gas turbines are described to demonstrate different aspects of the logical approach to construction of hypotheses and the determination of the essential cause of a failure — the one event without which the failure would not have occurred.

scholarly journals Pressure gain combustion advantage in land-based electric power generation

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. K4MD26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyfettin C. Gülen
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Quantum Leap ◽  
Pressure Gain Combustion ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Plant Efficiency

AbstractThis article evaluates the improvement in gas turbine combined cycle power plant efficiency and output via pressure gain combustion (PGC). Ideal and real cycle calculations are provided for a rigorous assessment of PGC variants (e.g., detonation and deflagration) in a realistic power plant framework with advanced heavy-duty industrial gas turbines. It is shown that PGC is the single-most potent knob available to the designers for a quantum leap in combined cycle performance.

scholarly journals Development of a Low-NOx LBG Combustor for Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Generation Systems

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
T. Abe ◽  
T. Ninomiya ◽  
T. Nakata ◽  
T. Yoshine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Power Generation Systems

From the view point of future coal utilization technology for the thermal power generation systems, the coal gasification combined cycle system has drawn special interest recently. In the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system, it is necessary to develop a high temperature gas turbine combustor using a low-BTU gas (LBG) which has high thermal efficiency and low emissions. In Japan a development program of the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system has started in 1985 by the national government and Japanese electric companies. In this program, 1300°C class gas turbines will be developed. If the fuel gas cleaning system is a hot type, the coal gaseous fuel to be supplied to gas turbines will contain ammonia. Ammonia will be converted to nitric oxides in the combustion process in gas turbines. Therefore, low fuel-NOx combustion technology will be one of the most important research subjects. This paper describes low fuel-NOx combustion technology for 1300°C class gas turbine combustors using coal gaseous low-BTU fuel as well as combustion characteristics and carbon monoxide emission characteristics. Combustion tests were conducted using a full-scale combustor used for the 150 MW gas turbine at the atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, high pressure combustion tests were conducted using a half-scale combustor used for the 1 50 MW gas turbine.

scholarly journals Potential Applications of Structural Ceramic Composites in Gas Turbines

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Parks ◽  
R. R. Ramey ◽  
D. C. Rawlins ◽  
J. R. Price ◽  
M. Van Roode
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Structural Ceramic ◽  
Cycle Systems ◽  
Potential Applications

A Babcock and Wilcox - Solar Turbines Team has completed a program to assess the potential for structural ceramic composites in turbines for direct coal-fired or coal gasification environments. A review is made of the existing processes in direct coal firing, pressurized fluid bed combustors, and coal gasification combined cycle systems. Material requirements in these areas were also discussed. The program examined the state-of-the-art in ceramic composite materials. Utilization of ceramic composites in the turbine rotor blades and nozzle vanes would provide the most benefit. A research program designed to introduce ceramic composite components to these turbines was recommended.

Solar Upgrading of Fuels for Generation of Electricity

2001 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Tamme ◽  
Reiner Buck ◽  
Michael Epstein ◽  
Uriyel Fisher ◽  
Chemi Sugarmen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Efficiency Conversion ◽  
Solar Field

This paper presents a novel process comprising solar upgrading of hydrocarbons by steam reforming in solar specific receiver-reactors and utilizing the upgraded, hydrogen-rich fuel in high efficiency conversion systems, such as gas turbines or fuel cells. In comparison to conventionally heated processes about 30% of fuel can be saved with respect to the same specific output. Such processes can be used in small scale as a stand-alone system for off-grid markets as well as in large scale to be operated in connection with conventional combined-cycle plants. The complete reforming process will be demonstrated in the SOLASYS project, supported by the European Commission in the JOULE/THERMIE framework. The project has been started in June 1998. The SOLASYS plant is designed for 300 kWel output, it consists of the solar field, the solar reformer and a gas turbine, adjusted to operate with the reformed gas. The SOLASYS plant will be operated at the experimental solar test facility of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. Start-up of the pilot plant is scheduled in April 2001. The midterm goal is to replace fossil fuels by renewable or non-conventional feedstock in order to increase the share of renewable energy and to establish processes with only minor or no CO2 emission. Examples might be upgrading of bio-gas from municipal solid waste as well as upgrading of weak gas resources.

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