Sensitivity Analysis of Relative Worth in Empirical and Simulation-Based QFD Matrices

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robins M. Kalapurackal ◽  
Shun Takai
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Calculation Scheme ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Simulation Based

Quality function deployment (QFD) is one of the most popular tools used in the product development process. It relates customer requirements to product requirements and enables engineers to determine which product requirement is more important than the others in satisfying customers. Some of the benefits of QFD are cost reduction, fewer design changes at the start of production, and improved communication among engineers. QFD applications use various approaches (i.e., worth calculation schemes and rating scales) to calculate the worth of requirements. The purpose of this paper is to study the change in the relative worth (normalized worth) of product requirements yielded by different rating scales and calculation schemes. We studied empirical and simulation-generated QFD matrices to determine how calculation schemes and rating scales influence the relative worth of requirements. Two representative scales and two calculation schemes are used to find the most and least sensitive cases, and the influence of the number of rows and columns in the relative worth of requirements. From the results, we identified the least sensitive and most sensitive combination of calculation scheme and rating scale. We also learned that QFD matrices become less sensitive to changes in rating scale and calculation scheme as the number of columns increases.

Sensitivity of Relative Worth in QFD Matrices to Rating Scales and Worth Calculation Schemes: An Empirical Study

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robins M. Kalapurackal ◽  
Shun Takai
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
System Development ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
System Requirements

In the past several decades, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) has gained its popularity among engineers as a tool to relate (map) customer requirements (inputs) to system requirements or system components (outputs), and to calculate relative worth of these requirements and components. The benefits of QFD in system development include cost reduction, fewer design changes after the start of production, and improved communication among engineers. Despite the observed benefits, the needs for QFD research have been addressed by researchers. These research needs include decision-making process in QFD, rating scales used in QFD matrices, and calculation schemes for calculating the worth of outputs (e.g., system requirements) from the importance of inputs (e.g., customer requirements). The purpose of this paper is to empirically study sensitivity of the relative worth and rank of outputs in QFD matrices to rating scales and worth calculation schemes. We collected QFD matrices from journal articles and textbooks; then calculated the changes of relative worth and the rank of outputs when one type of rating scale and/or worth calculation scheme was changed to the other. The results suggest that the relative worth and rank of outputs are relatively insensitive to rating scales and worth calculation schemes in the QFD matrices studied in this paper.

Sensitivity Analysis of the Rating Scales and Worth Calculation Schemes Used in QFD Matrices

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Takai ◽  
Kosuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
House Of Quality ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Concept Evaluation

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is matrix method that identifies relative worth of product requirements from the customer requirements and their importance. Understanding the relative worth enables engineers to evaluate the potential of design concepts to achieve important requirements. In a QFD matrix called “House of Quality” or QFD I, engineers assess correlations between product requirements and customer requirements using a linear (e.g., 1–3–5) or an exponential (e.g., 1–3–9) rating scale. The exponential scale assigns product requirements that have large correlations with customer requirements a higher ratings of 9 instead of 5, and therefore, gives them larger relative worth. This paper studies how the choice of linear 1–3–5 and exponential 1–3–9 rating scales changes the relative worth of product requirements. To avoid being restricted to any specific pattern of a QFD matrix, this paper uses simulations and analytic approaches to obtain distributions of changes of relative worth, and to calculate the upper bounds of these changes. Finally, in an illustrative example, the authors integrate QFD and concept evaluation activities and provide a case in which the choice of rating scale in a QFD I matrix changes the optimal concept.

System Design Analytics with Low-Fidelity Models

2021 ◽  
pp. 359-385
Author(s):  
Asko Ellman ◽  
Petter Krus
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
System Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Iterative Design

Establishing product requirements for the customer is usually the first step in the product development process. Indeed, identifying and fulfilling customer requirements is the key for successful product development. However, satisfying all the customer requirements is not always possible. Therefore, the best design is the design that fulfils a set of the most important customer requirements. Due to this, design process needs to be agile and iterative. Design and its requirements need to be effectively iterated.

scholarly journals Integration of Application Code Simulations for Data exchange

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 659-666
Author(s):  
Basankar Vikas ◽  
◽  
Dr. S. P. Metkar ◽  
Manoj Mane ◽  
Bhuvaneshwar Kanade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Integration Approach ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Industry Automation

In every product development industry, automation plays a key role in increasing the throughput of the company and providing better planning in product development and improved product quality. It is very necessary to find a solution to interdependencies during the product development process. During simulation-based analysis of a product, it is required that the need for actual hardware of the product is to be eliminated. Because of this, the functionality of the actual hardware can be analyzed by using software using simulations. If simulations of different products are running, the data is to be exchanged between different simulations effectively. It can be considered as simulating data exchange, as it is implemented in the hardware form. A proper and suitable method is to be used to have this goal achieved. This paper will address the integration approach for application code simulations or programs that are built to perform specific tasks.

scholarly journals An Environmental and Operational Analysis of Quality Function Deployment-Based Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Neves Puglieri ◽  
Aldo Roberto Ometto ◽  
Rodrigo Salvador ◽  
Murillo Vetroni Barros ◽  
Cassiano Moro Piekarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Quality Function ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Automotive Company ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Operational Criteria

Ecodesign consists of integrating environmental considerations into the product development process by means of practices that involve the use of methods, techniques, tools, and guidelines. However, many published practices do not incorporate important environmental issues, often resulting in a product development process that is ineffective from an ecodesign standpoint. This paper’s aim is threefold: (i) Identifying environmental and operational criteria and determining weights to these criteria; (ii) assessing and selecting quality function deployment (QFD)-based ecodesign methods using environmental and operational criteria, and (iii) analyzing the practitioners’ perception of the most suitable QFD-based method identified by the second aim. To that end, a comprehensive literature review of ecodesign practices based on QFD and its requirements was carried out, and a survey was conducted with environmental science and product development experts, whose answers enabled the prioritization of the characteristics those practices must meet from environmental and operational standpoints. Thereafter, a workshop was carried out with design engineers from an automotive company in Brazil. This study’s findings indicate that many QFD-based ecodesign methods fail to consider the life cycle perspective, do not assess environmental impacts, and have not been tested before being published. Another finding from industry designers suggests that ecodesign methods should be easy to use and not time-consuming.

Leveraging End-User Data for Enhanced Design Concept Evaluation: A Multimodal Deep Regression Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Chenxi Yuan ◽  
Tucker Marion ◽  
Mohsen Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Attribute Level ◽  
Concept Evaluation

Abstract Design concept evaluation is a key process in the new product development process with a significant impact on the product's success and total cost over its life cycle. This paper is motivated by two limitations of the state-of-the-art in concept evaluation: (1) The amount and diversity of user feedback and insights utilized by existing concept evaluation methods such as quality function deployment are limited. (2) Subjective concept evaluation methods require significant manual effort which in turn may limit the number of concepts considered for evaluation. A Deep Multimodal Design Evaluation (DMDE) model is proposed in this paper to bridge these gaps by providing designers with an accurate and scalable prediction of new concepts' overall and attribute-level desirability based on large-scale user reviews on existing designs. The attribute-level sentiment intensities of users are first extracted and aggregated from online reviews. A multimodal deep regression model is then developed to predict the overall and attribute-level sentiment values based on the features extracted from orthographic product images via a fine-tuned ResNet-50 model and from product descriptions via a fine-tuned BERT model, and aggregated using a novel self-attention-based fusion model. The DMDE model adds a data-driven, user-centered loop within the concept development process to better inform the concept evaluation process. Numerical experiments on a large dataset from an online footwear store indicate a promising performance by the DMDE model with 0.001 MSE loss and over 99.1% accuracy.

scholarly journals Medical Simulation as a Competency-Based Assessment within Physician Assistant Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Physician Assistant ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Competency Based

Simulation-based practices are widely utilized in medical education and are known to be a safe and effective way to train and assess learners, improve provider confidence and competency, and improve patient safety. Competency-based initiatives are being more broadly utilized to assess learner proficiency in health professions education. Recent publication of competencies expected of new graduate physician assistants, and updated accreditation requirements which include assessment of learner competencies in non-knowledge based domains, have led to the creation of this simulation-based summative assessment of learner competency in communication and patient care skills for Physician Assistant students. The purpose of this quantitative study was to identify if this simulation assessment had appropriate construct validity and rater consistency, and to identify if correlation existed between learner performance on the simulation exam and in required Supervised Clinical Training Experiences for measures of communication skills and patient care skills. While raters for the simulation assessment had minimal variability, measures of internal consistency did not achieve suitable thresholds for patient care skills. Communication skills assessment was able to achieve the minimum suitable threshold for internal consistency with minor revisions. No correlation was noted between exam performance for communication skills or patient care skills and clinical practice ratings. Several key areas exist which may explain these results including the rating scale for the simulation exam which utilized checklists and not global rating scales, faculty raters with broad and diverse clinical backgrounds, observation-related factors on the part of the student, and the high-complexity and multidimensional nature of provider-patient interactions.

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