A Framework for Automated Model Interface Coordination Using SysML

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Bailey ◽  
Judy Che ◽  
Poyu Tsou ◽  
Mark Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Simulink Model ◽  
New Models ◽  
Single Vehicle ◽  
Domain Models ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Multidisciplinary Group ◽  
Significant Effort

Integrated vehicle simulation models are being increasingly used to improve engineering efficiency and reduce the number of real-world prototypes needed to understand vehicle attributes and subsystem interactions. Each domain within the vehicle must be represented by its own model developed with the appropriate operating ranges, behaviors, fidelity, and interfaces needed to interact appropriately with other domains in the vehicle. Planning and managing the development of these models across a large, multidisciplinary group of engineers can be a significant effort. In particular, carefully managing each model’s interfaces is crucial to enabling the entire process; missing or inappropriately used signals can cause significant issues when many separate domain models are integrated into a single vehicle model. To help system engineers better manage these interfaces across a broad variety of applications, a SysML-based modeling approach is proposed to describe these models and their interfaces formally and completely. However, even with a consistent modeling approach, creating and managing the interfaces across a large number of domains and applications can be a significant, error-prone task. To reduce the amount of manual modeling work required to maintain and update Simulink model interfaces, an interface management toolset is proposed to help automate the process of importing existing interfaces, routing and visualizing them, and exporting model templates for developers to use when creating new models. By automating this process, it becomes significantly easier to reuse models across vehicle platforms (rather than creating new models from scratch) and frees up resources to create more accurate simulations throughout the system design process.

A Framework for Automated Model Interface Coordination Using SysML

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Bailey ◽  
Judy Che ◽  
Poyu Tsou ◽  
Mark Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
New Models ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Domain Models ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Multidisciplinary Group ◽  
Significant Effort

Integrated vehicle simulation models are being increasingly used to improve engineering efficiency and reduce the number of real-world prototypes needed to understand vehicle attributes and subsystem interactions. Each domain within the vehicle must be represented by its own model developed with the appropriate operating ranges, behaviors, fidelity, and interfaces needed to interact appropriately with other domains in the vehicle. Planning and managing the development of these models across a large, multidisciplinary group of engineers can be a significant effort. In particular, carefully managing each model's interfaces is crucial to enabling the entire process; missing or inappropriately used signals can cause significant issues when many separate domain models are integrated into a single simulation. To help system engineers better manage these interfaces across a broad variety of applications, a SysML-based modeling approach is proposed to describe these models and their interfaces formally and completely. However, even with a consistent modeling approach, creating and managing interfaces across a large number of domains and applications can be a significant, error-prone task. To reduce the amount of manual modeling work required and help scale the process for complex models, an interface management framework is proposed to help automate the process of importing existing interfaces, routing and visualizing them, and exporting model templates for developers to use when creating new models. By automating this process, it becomes significantly easier to reuse models across simulation architectures (rather than creating new models from scratch) and frees up resources to create more accurate simulations throughout a system's design.

Assessment and design of real world driving cycles targeted to the calibration of vehicles with electrified powertrain

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110387
Author(s):  
Stylianos Doulgeris ◽  
Zisimos Toumasatos ◽  
Maria Vittoria Prati ◽  
Carlo Beatrice ◽  
Zissis Samaras
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Virtual Design ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
The Impact

Vehicles’ powertrain electrification is one of the key measures adopted by manufacturers in order to develop low emissions vehicles and reduce the CO2 emissions from passenger cars. High complexity of electrified powertrains increases the demand of cost-effective tools that can be used during the design of such powertrain architectures. Objective of the study is the proposal of a series of real-world velocity profiles that can be used during virtual design. To that aim, using three state of the art plug-in hybrid vehicles, a combined experimental, and simulation approach is followed to derive generic real-world cycles that can be used for the evaluation of the overall energy efficiency of electrified powertrains. The vehicles were tested under standard real driving emissions routes, real-world routes with reversed order (compared to a standard real driving emissions route) of urban, rural, motorway, and routes with high slope variation. To enhance the experimental activities, additional virtual mission profiles simulated using vehicle simulation models. Outcome of the study consists of specific driving cycles, designed based on standard real-world route, and a methodology for real-world data analysis and evaluation, along with the results from the assessment of the impact of different operational parameters on the total electrified powertrain.

Basic Concepts of Modeling Pesticide Fate in the Crop Root Zone

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (S2) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Wagenet ◽  
P.S.C. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Efficacy Trials ◽  
Sorption Leaching ◽  
Crop Root

Modeling is increasingly being used as a tool for the evaluation of the environmental fate of pesticides. Sorption, leaching, degradation, and volatilization are some of the processes being integrated through the use of simulation modeling techniques. Several research programs are focusing their attention on such issues (16, 17, 18, 32, 35), with regulatory agencies involved in management of pesticides also taking a modeling approach (3, 7). Because of the extreme complexity of agroecosystems, it is obvious that the use of simulation models will continue to be the most expeditious, reliable, and cost-effective means of integrating the various processes acting upon a pesticide to determine its fate. For example, modeling will help to summarize and interpret efficacy trials and will provide the vehicle for transferring experimental results to unstudied situations, such as the potential environmental fate of an applied herbicide. However, proper development, testing, and responsible use of a modeling approach must be based upon a thorough, comprehensive understanding of interdependent and dynamic natural processes.

Vehicle-Terrain Interaction Simulation With Parallelized Multiscale Moving Soil Patch Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yamashita ◽  
Guanchu Chen ◽  
Yeefeng Ruan ◽  
Paramsothy Jayakumar ◽  
Hiroyuki Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Model ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Patch Technique ◽  
Dynamics Models ◽  
Hierarchical Multiscale ◽  
Soil Patch

Abstract Although many physics-based off-road mobility simulation models are proposed and utilized for vehicle performance evaluation as well as for understanding of tire-soil interaction problems, full vehicle simulation on deformable terrain requires addressing the computational complexity associated with the large dimensional physics-based terrain dynamics models for practical use. This paper, therefore, presents a hierarchical multiscale tire-soil interaction model that is fully integrated into parallelized off-road mobility simulation framework. In particular, a co-simulation procedure is developed for full vehicle simulation with multiscale terrain dynamics models by exploiting the moving soil patch technique. To this end, a detailed off-road vehicle simulation model is divided into five subsystems: a multibody vehicle subsystem and four tire-soil subsystems composed of nonlinear FE tires and multiscale moving soil patches. The tire-soil subsystems are interfaced with the vehicle subsystem by MPI through force-displacement coupling. It is demonstrated that the proposed framework allows for alleviating computational intensity of a full vehicle simulation that involves complex hierarchical multiscale terrain dynamics models by effectively distributing computational loads with co-simulation techniques.

The Role of Smart Technologies to Improve the Utilization of Wood Uses in Engineering Applications: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
Salah Hamed Ramadan Ali ◽  
Gehan A. Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Current Path ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Scientific Treatment

Nowadays, smart technology plays an important role in engineering applications to improve the quality of life. Thus, the development of natural materials and the use of nanotechnology, will give wood new properties to maximize its benefit. It is clear that there is a great challenge to prove the strength and durability of wood acquiring new features to reach innovative use that can influence the current path in many engineering applications. Therefore, this paper summarizes a review of the possibility of using nano- and smart-technologies to make the most of the natural and acquired potential for adding new features and physical properties of wood to improve its efficiency in architectural and mechanical applications. Moreover, experiments have shown that the use of certain types of wood in many applications such as the manufacture of 3D vehicle simulation models to study dynamic behaviors as well as in the manufacture of mechanical measurement systems to improve accuracy. In conclusion, new directions under development in this field are proposed to provide solutions to important issues in the future of measurement and quality control systems that need scientific treatment.--

Development and Evaluation of Vehicle Simulation Models for a 4WS Application

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 343-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.T.H. JANSEN ◽  
J.J.M. VAN OOSTEN
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Vehicle Simulation

A Full Vehicle Model for the Development of a Variable Camber Suspension

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Kuwayama ◽  
Fernando Baldoni ◽  
Federico Cheli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Active Systems ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Multi Body

The accuracy of the recent vehicle dynamics simulation technology, represented by Multi-Body Simulations along with reliable tire models, has been remarkably progressing and provides reasonable simulation results not only for conventional passive vehicles but also for advanced active vehicles equipped with electronic components; however, when it comes to advanced vehicle applications with complex active systems, the complexity causes a longer simulation time. On the other hand, even though simple numerical vehicle simulation models such as single-track, two-track and a dozen degrees of freedom (dofs) models can provide less information than those of multi-body models, they are still appreciated by specific applications particularly the ones related to the development of active systems. The advantages of these numerical simulation models lie in the simulation platform, namely the Matlab/Simulink environment, which is suitable for modeling electronic components. In this paper, an 18 dofs vehicle model has been proposed for the development of a type of active suspension named Variable Camber which has an additional degree of freedom in camber angle direction and a description of the models and some preliminary results are reported: the control strategy for the variable camber suspension will be published ([3]). The model can reproduce a passive vehicle with a passive suspension as well; all the necessary dimensions, parameters, and physical properties are derived from a specific multi-body full vehicle model which has been fully validated with respect to a real one on the track. As for a tire model, Magic Formula 5.2 has been implemented on both the numerical and the multi-body vehicle models respectively so that the same tire model can be applied.

Validation of vehicle-based tyre testing methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Anton Albinsson ◽  
Fredrik Bruzelius ◽  
Bengt Jacobson ◽  
Shenhai Ran
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Tyre Model ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Full Vehicle

The development process for passenger cars is both time- and resource-consuming. Full vehicle testing is an extensive part of the development process that consumes large amount of resources, especially within the field of vehicle dynamics and active safety. By replacing physical testing with complete vehicle simulations, both the development time and cost can potentially be reduced. This requires accurate simulation models that represent the real vehicle. One major challenge with full vehicle simulation models is the representation of tyres in terms of force and moment generation. The force and moment generation of the tyres is affected by both operating conditions and road surface. Vehicle-based tyre testing offers a fast and efficient way to rescale force and moment tyre models to different road surfaces, in this study the Pacejka 2002 model. The resulting tyre model is sensitive to both the operating conditions during testing and the road surface used. This study investigates the influence of the slip angle sweep rate and road surface on the lateral tyre force characteristics of the fitted tyre model. Tyre models fitted to different manoeuvres are compared and the influence on the full vehicle behaviour is investigated in IPG Carmaker. The results show that by using the wrong road surface, the resulting tyre model can end up outside the tolerances specified by the ISO standard for vehicle simulation model verification in steady-state cornering. The use of Pacejka 2002 models parameterized in a steady-state manoeuvre to simulate the vehicle behaviour in sine-with-dwell manoeuvres is also discussed.

A simulation-based case study for powertrain efficiency improvement by automated driving functions

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. 1320-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Plum ◽  
Marius Wegener ◽  
Markus Eisenbarth ◽  
Ziqi Ye ◽  
Konstantin Etzold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Virtual Testing ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Testing Environments

An increasing level of driving automation and a successive electrification of modern powertrains enable a higher degree of freedom to improve vehicle fuel efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions. Currently, both domains themselves, driving automation as well as powertrain electrification, face the challenge of a rising development complexity with extensive use of virtual testing environments. However, state-of-the-art virtual testing environments typically strictly focus on just one domain and neglect the other. This paper shows the results of a simulation-based case study considering both domains simultaneously. The influence of energy saving automated functionalities on a conventional, a hybrid, and a pure electric powertrain is investigated for a carefully selected inner-city driving scenario. The vehicle simulation models for the different powertrain configurations are calibrated using test bench results and vehicle measurements. A model predictive acceleration controller is developed for realizing the speed optimization function. By considering traffic conditions such as traffic light schedules and a preceding vehicle as the boundary conditions, unnecessary accelerations and decelerations are avoided to reduce the energy demand. The case study is realized by applying this function to the three powertrains variants. As a final result, a clear difference in energy demand is observed: the hybrid powertrain benefits the most in terms of energy demand reduction in the given use case. The results clearly underscore that in future vehicle development programs, the powertrain and the real-world driving functionalities have to be optimized simultaneously to minimize the energy demand during everyday vehicle operation.

Study on Lateral Vibration Offsets of Speed Increased Freight Cars on the Tangent Track

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 567-571
Author(s):  
Hui Shi Han ◽  
Mei Han ◽  
Xiao Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Lateral Vibration ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Single Vehicle ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Line Condition

According to the vehicle dynamics theory, the dynamics simulation models of single-vehicle NX70H flat marked loading capacity of 70t with K5 bogies and NX70 flat marked loading capacity of 70t with K6 bogies under certain loading and running conditions were established by SIMPACK, in order to discuss the change rules of the roll angles, the yaw angles, the lateral offsets and the maximum lateral vibration offsets. Based on the statistical analysis of data calculated by SIMPACK, the results of dynamics single-vehicle models of the two wagon types running on Chinese I and III grade railway lines respectively were compared. Simulation results show that the running speed, the line condition and the height distancing the rail surface all have a significant impact on the maximum lateral vibration offset.

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