Investigation of Noise Features of Planetary Gear Trains Based on Human Aural Characteristic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Nakagawa ◽  
Dai Nishida ◽  
Deepak Sah ◽  
Toshiki Hirogaki ◽  
Eiichi Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Error ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Tooth Stiffness ◽  
Gear Trains

Planetary gear trains (PGTs) are widely used in various machines owing to their many advantages. However, they suffer from problems of noise and vibration due to the structural complexity and giving rise to substantial noise, vibration, and harshness with respect to both structures and human users. In this report, the sound level from PGTs is measured in an anechoic chamber based on human aural characteristic, and basic features of sound are investigated. Gear noise is generated by the vibration force due to varying gear tooth stiffness and the vibration force due to tooth surface error, or transmission error (TE). Dynamic TE is considered to be increased because of internal and external meshing. The vibration force due to tooth surface error can be ignored owing to almost perfect tooth surface. A vibration force due to varying tooth stiffness could be a major factor.

Investigation on Influence of Tooth Precision on Meshing Noise of Planetary Gear Train

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Hamada ◽  
Masao Nakagawa ◽  
Tomoki Fukuda ◽  
Toshiki Hirogaki ◽  
Eiichi Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Stiffness Coefficient ◽  
Meshing Stiffness ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Gear Trains

Abstract Noise is one of the major serious issues for planetary gear trains (PGTs). This noise is regarded as a noise hazard in certain cases such as helicopter cabins where the sound level reaches 100dB. Herein, planet gears of several precisions are combined to investigate the influence of tooth precision on meshing noise of PGT. The meshing noise of PGTs is generated by stiffness coefficient excitation and error excitation forces; however, the stiffness coefficient excitation is assumed to be constant in this paper because a slight error on the tooth surface does not affect the meshing stiffness. It was found that maintaining the same precision for all planet gears is the best. If one of the planet gears has a precision that is significantly different from that of the others, the sound pressure level increases. The deviation for the maximum error among all meshing pairs, should be restricted to no more than 3μm in case of module one spur gear.

A Simplified Approach Based Phase Angle for Tooth Contact Analysis of Planetary Gear Trains

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 709-712
Author(s):  
Kai Xu ◽  
Geng Liu ◽  
Xiao Zhong Deng ◽  
Jian Jun Yang ◽  
Jian Xin Su
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Contact Analysis ◽  
Tooth Contact Analysis ◽  
Tooth Contact ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Gear Trains

Planetary gear trains have many advantages in applications. In these advantages, quiet noise and slight vibration may be contribute to low Transmission Error (TE), which can be calculated by Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA). However, to obtain numerical solution of the meshing equations based on TCA for planetary gear trains is very difficult because of a large number of nonlinear equations and unknowns. A simplified method utilizing planet phase angle is investigated and the numerical solution of planetary gear trains TE by TCA can be realized in this paper.

Analytical Predictions for the Transmission Error Excitation in Various Multiple-Mesh Gear-Trains

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kartik ◽  
Donald R. Houser
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Simplex Algorithm ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Gear Trains ◽  
Local Compliance ◽  
Computationally Intensive

Transmission error has long been considered the primary exciter of gear whine noise. Previous work has resulted in the development of an analytical procedure for contact analysis of gear meshing based on plate deflection models. This procedure has been demonstrated to give good accuracy while being much less computationally intensive than finite element models. This paper extends this procedure to predict the load distribution and transmission error in multiple-mesh gear-trains. The model takes into account the effect of the load distribution at one mesh, on the load distribution and transmission error on the other meshes. The local compliance at the meshes is calculated and the kinematic constraints are used to determine the contact points. The equations of contact are linearized and solved using a modified simplex algorithm. The effect of the ‘phasing’ of the meshes is also considered. Application areas of this analysis procedure include idler gears, planetary gear-trains and split-path transmissions.

Dynamic Model and Vibration Characteristics of Planetary Gear Train Based on Transmission Errors

2014 ◽  
Vol 668-669 ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xu ◽  
Ping Jia ◽  
Ming Qiu ◽  
Jian Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Tooth Contact Analysis ◽  
Gear Noise ◽  
Transmission Errors ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Gear Trains ◽  
Noise Vibration

The paper defines the transmission errors of planetary gear trains, derives from kinetic tooth contact analysis. The method to calculate transmission errors of planetary gear trains is put forward. An integrated platform was constructed for measuring gear noise, vibration and transmission error to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the analytical. Finally, experimental investigations of the gear noise and vibration spectrum in time domain are introduced, which was solved and simulated in Matlab software.

Tooth Contact Analysis of Planetary Gear Trains and its Transmission Error Experiments and Frequency Spectrum Analysis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xu ◽  
Aijun Xu ◽  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Ming Qiu ◽  
Jianxin Su
Keyword(s):  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Contact Analysis ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Tooth Contact Analysis ◽  
Planetary Gear Train ◽  
Tooth Contact ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Gear Trains

Based on Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA), a feasible approach for Transmission Error (TE) of planetary gear train is proposed in this paper as follows: the first step is to proceed a specific analysis of the TE from the planetary gear train with only one planet, the second step is to calculate each phase difference of planets in the gear train. Then the total TE of a planetary gear train can be calculated simply by the two steps. The paper points out 3 kinds of positional difference of planets: coincidence, equalization, imparity and their respective effect on the total TE of the gear train, then draws a conclusion that the equalization is the optimized one among the above three. Eventually, the TE experiment of the planetary gear train is performed, and spectrum analysis is adopted in the paper.

Investigation of Power Transmission Mechanism Under Three-Axis Driving Planetary Gear Train Based on the Mechanism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Nakagawa ◽  
Dai Nishida ◽  
Toshiki Hirogaki ◽  
Eiichi Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Planetary Gear Train ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Planet Gear ◽  
Gear Trains ◽  
Driving Condition

Planetary gear trains are presently widely used in various machines owing to their many advantages. They, however, suffer from problems of noise and vibration due to their structural complexity. Moreover, their dynamic characteristics are yet to be fully understood. Although several studies have been conducted on two-axis driving and displacement of planet gear, none has considered three-axis driving. In the present study, the general driving conditions of a planetary gear train, including during three-axis driving, were investigated based on the theory of instant center. Ideal driving condition is proposed based on the experimental result on three-axis driving which was tested on an original fully wireless test stand.

Influence of the backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear on dynamic behavior of compound planetary gear set

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (11) ◽  
pp. 2025-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijing Wu ◽  
Haibo Zhang ◽  
Xiaosun Wang ◽  
Zeming Peng ◽  
Kangkang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Gear Transmission ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Backlash is a key internal excitation on the dynamic response of planetary gear transmission. After the gear transmission running for a long time under load torque, due to tooth wear accumulation, the backlash between the tooth surface of two mating gears increases, which results in a larger and irregular backlash. However, the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear is generally neglected in lots of dynamics analysis for epicyclic gear trains. In order to investigate the impact of backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear on dynamic behavior of compound planetary gear set, in this work, first a static tooth surface wear prediction model is incorporated with a dynamic iteration methodology to get the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear for one pair of mating teeth under the condition that contact ratio equals to one. Then in order to introduce the tooth accumulated wear into dynamic model of compound planetary gear set, the backlash excitation generated by tooth accumulated wear for each meshing pair in compound planetary gear set is given under the condition that contact ratio equals to one and does not equal to one. Last, in order to investigate the impact of the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear on dynamic response of compound planetary gear set, a nonlinear lumped-parameter dynamic model of compound planetary gear set is employed to describe the dynamic relationships of gear transmission under the internal excitations generated by worn profile, meshing stiffness, transmission error, and backlash. The results indicate that the introduction of the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear makes a significant influence on the bifurcation and chaotic characteristics, dynamic response in time domain, and load sharing behavior of compound planetary gear set.

A New Technique Based on Loops to Investigate Displacement Isomorphism in Planetary Gear Trains

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. N. R. Prasad Raju Pathapati ◽  
A. C. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Graph Isomorphism ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Graph Representation ◽  
Kinematic Structure ◽  
Graph Representations ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Gear Trains ◽  
A New Technique

The most important step in the structural synthesis of planetary gear trains (PGTs) requires the identification of isomorphism (rotational as well as displacement) between the graphs which represent the kinematic structure of planetary gear train. Previously used methods for identifying graph isomorphism yielded incorrect results. Literature review in this area shows there is inconsistency in results from six link, one degree-of-freedom onwards. The purpose of this paper is to present an efficient methodology through the use of Loop concept and Hamming number concept to detect displacement and rotational isomorphism in PGTs in an unambiguous way. New invariants for rotational graphs and displacement graphs called geared chain hamming strings and geared chain loop hamming strings are developed respectively to identify rotational and displacement isomorphism. This paper also presents a procedure to redraw conventional graph representation that not only clarifies the kinematic structure of a PGT but also averts the problem of pseudo isomorphism. Finally a thorough analysis of existing methods is carried out using the proposed technique and the results in the category of six links one degree-of-freedom are established and an Atlas comprises of graph representations in conventional form as well as in new form is presented.

Dynamic Modeling of the Torsional Vibration of the Slewing Mechanism of a Hydraulic Excavator

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 2102-2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Juan Yang ◽  
Zong Hua Wu ◽  
Zhao Jun Li ◽  
Gan Wei Cai
Keyword(s):  
Torsional Vibration ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Hydraulic Excavator ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Vibration Model ◽  
Gear Trains ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Relationship Of

A torsional vibration model of the slewing mechanism of a hydraulic excavator is developed to predict its free vibration characteristics with consideration of many fundamental factors, such as the mesh stiffness of gear pairs, the coupling relationship of a two stage planetary gear trains and the variety of moment of inertia of the input end caused by the motion of work equipment. The natural frequencies are solved using the corresponding eigenvalue problem. Taking the moment of inertia of the input end for example to illustrate the relationship between the natural frequencies of the slewing mechanism and its parameters, based on the simulation results, just the first order frequency varies significantly with the moment of inertia of the input end of the slewing mechanism.

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