Rule of Mixtures Model to Determine Elastic Modulus and Tensile Strength of 3D Printed Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nylon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyue Deng ◽  
Hamid Khakpour Nejadkhaki ◽  
Felipe M. Pasquali ◽  
Anosh P. Amaria ◽  
Jason N. Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Rule Of Mixtures ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Abstract A model to compute the elastic modulus and tensile properties of 3D printed Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) is presented. The material under consideration is Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nylon (CFRN) produced in a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process. A relationship between the nylon raster in each layer and the carbon fiber volume fraction was devised with the help of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thirteen groups with different layer configurations and carbon-fiber percentages were formulated and tested to obtain the elastic modulus and tensile strength. This study focused only on the properties along the printed fiber direction. The results from these tests were analyzed within the rule of mixtures framework. The results suggest that the rule of mixtures can be successfully applied to unidirectional CFRP fabricated using additive manufacturing.

Research in Recycling Technology of Fiber Reinforced Polymers for Reduction of Environmental Load: Optimum Decomposition Conditions of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers in the Purpose of Fiber Reuse

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Shi ◽  
Kiyoshi Kemmochi ◽  
Li Min Bao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Recycled Fibers

The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of pyrolysis time and temperature on the mechanical properties of recycled carbon fiber, based on tensile strength measurements, determining the optimum decomposition conditions for carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) by superheated steam. In this research, CFRPs were efficiently depolymerized and reinforced fibers were separated from resin by superheated steam. Tensile strength of fibrous recyclates was measured and compared to that of virgin fiber. Although tensile strength of recycled fibers were litter lower than that of virgin fiber, under some conditions tensile strength of recycled fibers were close to that of virgin fiber. With pyrolysis, some char residue from the polymer remains on the fibers and degrees of char on the recycled fibers were closely examined by scanning electron microscopy.

3D Printing of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics and their Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 913 ◽  
pp. 558-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Dong Zhou ◽  
Jian Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

3D printing of carbon fiber reinforced plastics can produce lightweight components with higher efficiency and more complex structure. For the short carbon fiber reinforced plastics, the composites are firstly made by compounding, then they are processed to filaments, powders or other needed forms, finally the components are printed by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Selected Laser Sintering (SLS) or other methods. The tensile strength of the nylon-based component is more than 70 MPa. Companies such as EOS, Stratasys and Farsoon can provide the materials and equipments. For the continuous carbon fiber reinforced plastics, the divided carbon fibers and plastic filaments or impregnated carbon fiber filaments are firstly prepared, then the components are printed by FDM or other methods. The average tensile strength of the nylon-based component is more than 200 MPa. Companies such as Markforged and Arevo Labs have commercialized the 3D printing equipment/platform for the continuous fiber reinforced plastics.

scholarly journals Finite Element Analysis of Lightning Damage Factors Based on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5210
Author(s):  
Yansong Zhu ◽  
Yueke Ming ◽  
Ben Wang ◽  
Yugang Duan ◽  
Hong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

While carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely used in the aerospace industry, they are not able to disperse current from lightning strikes because their conductivity is relatively low compared to metallic materials. As such, the undispersed current can cause the vaporization or delamination of the composites, threatening aircraft safety. In this paper, finite element models of lightning damage to CFRPs were established using commercial finite element analysis software, Abaqus, with the user-defined subroutines USDFLD and HEAVEL. The influences of factors such as the structural geometry, laminate sequence, and intrinsic properties of CFRPs on the degree of damage to the composites are further discussed. The results showed that when a current from lightning is applied to the CFRP surface, it mainly disperses along the fiber direction in the outermost layer. As the length of the CFRP increases, the injected current has a longer residence time in the material due to the increased current exporting distance. Consequently, larger amounts of current accumulate on the surface, eventually leading to more severe damage to the CFRP. This damage can be alleviated by increasing the thickness of the CFRP, as the greater overall resistance makes the CFRP a better insulator against the imposed current. This study also found that the damaged area increased as the angle between the first two layers increased, whereas the depth of the damage decreased due to the current dispersion between the first two layers. The analysis of the electrical conductivity of the composite suggested that damage in the fiber direction will be markedly reduced if the conductivity in the vertical fiber direction increases approximately up to the conductivity of the fiber direction. Moreover, increasing the thermal conductivity along the fiber direction will accelerate the heat dissipation process after the lightning strike, but the influence of the improved thermal conductivity on the extent of the lightning damage is less significant than that of the electrical conductivity.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer–FeSi Composites with Enhanced Magnetic Properties

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2325
Author(s):  
Alexandre Tugirumubano ◽  
Sun Ho Go ◽  
Hee Jae Shin ◽  
Lee Ku Kwac ◽  
Hong Gun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Magnetic Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Cfrp Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

In this work, we aimed to manufacture and characterize carbon-fiber–polymer–metal-particles magnetic composites with a sandwichlike structure. The composites were manufactured by stacking the plain woven carbon fiber prepregs (or carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP)) and layers of the FeSi particles. The layer of FeSi particles were formed by evenly distributing the FeSi powder on the surface of carbon fiber prepreg sheet. The composites were found to have better magnetic properties when the magnetic field were applied in in-plane (0°) rather than in through-thickness (90°), and the highest saturation magnetization of 149.71 A.m2/kg was achieved. The best inductance and permeability of 12.2 μH and 13.08 were achieved. The composites obviously exhibited mechanical strength that was good but lower than that of CFRP composite. The lowest tensile strength and lowest flexural strength were 306.98 MPa and 855.53 MPa, which correspond to 39.58% and 59.83% of the tensile strength and flexural strength of CFRP (four layers), respectively.

Effect of Air Oxidation Treated Carbon Fiber on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polyethylene Resin Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 506-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xia Yu ◽  
Bo Lin He ◽  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Treated Carbon

The composite of carbon fiber reinforced polyethylene resin was prepared by using a twin-screw extruder. The effect of carbon fiber oxidation treating on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyethylene resin composite was researched. The tensile fracture failure mechanism of composite was analyzed for both untreated and air oxidation treated specimen. The experimental results indicate that when carbon fiber content is equal, the tensile strength and the elastic modulus of air oxidation-treated carbon fiber-reinforced polyethylene composite are improved than that of the untreated. When the fraction of adding carbon fiber is 3.99%, compared with the pure polyethylene resin matrix, the tensile strength, elastic modulus is increased by 13.12% and 172.91%, respectively. Compared to the untreated carbon fiber reinforced polyethylene resin composite, the tensile strength and tensile modulus is increased by 4.71% and 13.14%, respectively.

scholarly journals UV-Assisted 3D Printing of Polymer Composites from Thermally and Mechanically Recycled Carbon Fibers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Mantelli ◽  
Alessia Romani ◽  
Raffaella Suriano ◽  
Marco Diani ◽  
Marcello Colledani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Despite the growing global interest in 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced polymers, most of the applications are still limited to high-performance sectors due to the low effectiveness–cost ratio of virgin carbon fibers. However, the use of recycled carbon fibers in 3D printing is almost unexplored, especially for thermoset-based composites. This paper aims to demonstrate the feasibility of recycled carbon fibers 3D printing via UV-assisted direct ink writing. Pyrolyzed recycled carbon fibers with a sizing treatment were firstly shredded to be used as a reinforcement of a thermally and photo-curable acrylic resin. UV-differential scanning calorimetry analyses were then performed to define the material crosslinking of the 3D printable ink. Because of the poor UV reactivity of the resin loaded with carbon fibers, a rheology modifier was added to guarantee shape retention after 3D printing. Thanks to a customized 3D printer based on a commercial apparatus, a batch of specimens was successfully 3D printed. According to the tensile tests and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, the material shows good mechanical properties and the absence of layer marks related to the 3D printing. These results will, therefore, pave the way for the use of 3D printed recycled carbon fiber reinforced polymers in new fields of application.

Investigation of the shear properties of 3D printed short carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites

2022 ◽  
pp. 089270572110633
Author(s):  
Hamed Tanabi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Shear Properties ◽  
Short Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Short Carbon

Short fiber-reinforced 3D printed components are high performance materials with a wide range of potential applications in various industries ranging from aerospace to automotive. Mechanical characterization of 3D printed short carbon fiber polyethylene terephthalate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene parts are presented under the application of shear load in this study. The anisotropy properties of both composite and polymer materials were investigated by printing samples at two different orientations, using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. The fabricated samples were subjected to tensile and shearing loads while 2D digital image correlation (DIC) was used to measure full-field strain on the specimen. The obtained results revealed a noticeable anisotropy in shear properties as the function of printing orientation. Moreover, it found that using carbon fiber-reinforced PET results in higher elastic modulus, tensile, and shear strengths up to 180%, 230%, and 40% compared to ABS.

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