Application of CFD-Based Analysis Technique for Design and Optimization of Gas Turbine Combustors

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Koutsenko ◽  
S. F. Onegin ◽  
A. M. Sipatov
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Nitric Oxide Emissions ◽  
Operational Development

The design and operational development of gas turbine combustors is a complex process, involving a great volume of design and experimental work. The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods allows to lower the volume of experimental works on operational development of combustors and to make changes to the design of combustion chambers on early design stages. In this paper the application of commercial CFD package CFX-TASCflow for calculation of flow structure and analysis of nitric oxide formation process in the combustion chamber of the PS-90A gas turbine and its modifications is considered. The results of the analysis show, that the basic determinative criterion of a nitric oxide emission level is the residence time of a combustion products in high-temperature zones. With help of this criterion, an optimization of the PS-90A combustion chamber was performed. A design of an optimized combustion chamber allows to achieve a low level of nitric oxide emissions.

Prediction of CO and NOx Pollutants in a Stratified Bluff Body Burner

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Gruhlke ◽  
Fabian Proch ◽  
Andreas M. Kempf ◽  
Enric Illana Mahiques ◽  
Stefan Dederichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Bluff Body ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flame Region ◽  
Numerical Grid ◽  
Nitric Oxide Emissions ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine

The major exhaust gas pollutants from heavy duty gas turbine engines are CO and NOx. The difficulty of predicting the concentration of these combustion products originates from their wide range of chemical time scales. In this paper, a combustion model that includes the prediction of the carbon monoxide and nitric oxide emissions is tested. Large eddy simulations (LES) are performed using a compressible code (OpenFOAM). A modified flamelet generated manifolds (FGM) approach is applied with a thickened flame approach (ATF) to resolve the flame on the numerical grid, with a flame sensor to ensure that the flame is only thickened in the flame region. For the prediction of the CO and NOx emissions, pollutant species transport equations and a second, CO based, progress variable are introduced for the flame burnout zone to account for slow chemistry effects. For the validation of the models, the Cambridge burner of Sweeney and Hochgreb [1, 2] is employed, as both carbon monoxide and nitric oxide [3] data is available.

Valveless-Gas-Turbine Combustors With Pressure Gain

1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carroll D. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Steady Flow ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Gas Turbine Compressor

A valveless combustor has been developed which has been tested at one to three atmospheres of pressure. It discharged combustion products at practical turbine-inlet temperatures and at a total pressure above that of the inlet. Developmental problems encountered and results are discussed. The smooth combustor cycle, a phased system of combustor tubes and pulsation traps, achieves steady flow at the inlet and outlet of the combustor system to preserve the high efficiency of today’s turbines and compressors. The combustor will soon be tested on a gas-turbine compressor to verify efficiency gain estimates.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Combustion in Gas Turbine Combustors

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge R. Gran ◽  
M. C. Melaaen ◽  
F. Magnussen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Reacting Flows ◽  
Staggered Grid ◽  
Computational Grids ◽  
Turbulent Reacting Flows ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors ◽  
Elliptic Differential Equations ◽  
Finite Volume Approach

The finite-volume approach together with body-fitted curvilinear non-orthogonal coordinates and a non-staggered grid arrangement is used for investigating turbulent reacting flows inside gas turbine combustion chambers. The computational grids are generated by solving elliptic differential equations, permitting an accurate description of the complex geometry of commercial gas turbine combustors. Different combustion models are briefly discussed with a view to their suitability for practical combustor predictions. The k-ε model and the Eddy Dissipation Concept are selected to account for the turbulent combustion in the present study. The governing equations and coordinate transformations needed to derive the discretized equations are reviewed. One isothermal and two combusting flow fields are calculated. The calculations are in reasonable agreement with measurements, but the results should be improved by grid refinement and by using a better turbulence model.

Development and Application of CFD-Based Analysis Methodology to Evaluate Efficiency of Low NOx Combustion Technologies

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Kutsenko ◽  
S. F. Onegin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Radiation Heat ◽  
Emission Level ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Operational Development

A combustor is a crucial unit of gas turbine engine because it should work reliably at high temperatures; provide a suitable temperature distribution at entry to the turbine and supply a low emission level of harmful substances. An operational development of combustors is a very complex process, involving a great volume of design and experimental work. The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods allows to decrease the volume of experimental works on operational development of combustors and to make changes to the design of combustors on early stages. This paper describes development and validation of CFD-based analysis methodology, used to predict NOx emission level for different types of gas turbine combustors. This methodology includes comprehensive modeling of physical and chemical processes that take place in gas turbine combustors: turbulent flow of reacting gases, heat transfer, chemical kinetics and formation of nitric oxide. To simulate these processes the following mathematical models were used and validated: • Navier-Stockes equations; k-ε RNG, k-ε RSM, k-ω SST turbulence models; • Flamelet and Flamefront combustion models; • Different chemical kinetics mechanisms, describing methane and aviation kerosene oxidation processes; • Diffusion radiation model and discrete ordinates method to calculate radiation heat fluxes; • Extended n-heptane oxidation mechanism to simulate PAH and soot formation; • Prompt and thermal NO formation mechanisms; • Wide band exponential model for gases and empirical correlation for soot to calculate radiation properties of medium. Different factors that affect NOx formation process are considered. They include O and OH prediction methods, influence of radiation heat transfer, and choice of combustion and turbulence models. Developed methodology was used to simulate combustion process in gas turbine combustors that use RQL, LPP, wet NO technologies of low NOx combustion. Merits, demerits and peculiarities of considered low NOx combustion technologies are discussed. According to the results of the analysis, the most efficient technology for NOx reduction was selected.

Recirculation Effects in Gas Turbine Combustors

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kollrack ◽  
L. D. Aceto
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
General Result ◽  
Bluff Body ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors ◽  
End Products ◽  
Temperature Levels

An evaluation of the effects caused by recirculation of hot final combustion products into unburned or partially burned fuel/air mixtures indicates that the thermal effect predominates the combustion activity. Dilution and the introduction of active radicals produce lesser results. Internal recirculation, such as produced by swirl or bluff body stabilization, differs from external recirculation by the temperature levels of the recirculant and its composition. The net effect of recirculation is to simulate a longer residence time and/or an effective higher inlet temperature. As a general result, the end products are closer to equilibrium, specifically the CO levels are lower and the NO levels higher.

Numerical Simulation as Design Optimization Tool for Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Digvijay B. Kulshreshtha ◽  
S. A. Channiwala ◽  
Saurabh B. Dikshit
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Intermediate Zone ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Primary Zone

In present study an attempt has been made through CFD approach using CFX 11 to analyze the flow patterns within the combustion liner and through different air admission holes, namely, primary zone, intermediate zone, dilution zone and wall cooling, and from these the temperature distribution in the liner and at walls as well as the temperature quality at the exit of the combustion chamber are predicted. The design optimization is carried out using the CFD results with validation using experimental investigations.

scholarly journals Notes on the Occurrence and Determination of Carbon Within Gas Turbine Combustors

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Odgers ◽  
E. R. Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Carbon Distribution ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion ◽  
Carbon Determination

Details are presented of two series of experiments to investigate carbon determination in gas turbine combustion chambers. The first series employed a gravimetric technique to examine carbon distribution within the various zones of a combustor with the aim of identifying zones of formation and oxidation. In the second series a fairly comprehensive investigation of the technique of measuring Smoke Number was made with the objective of obtaining details relevant to its accuracy and applicability. Mixtures of iso-octane and benzene were used as fuel, thereby permitting the effects of hydrogen content to be established. The results are correlated with othersome obtained previously.

THERMO ACOUSTIC PROCESSES IN LOW EMISSION COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE CAPACITY 25 MW

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Sergey Serbin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Low Emission

The appliance of modern tools of the computational fluid dynamics for the investigation of the pulsation processes in the combustion chamber caused by the design features of flame tubes and aerodynamic interaction compressor, combustor and turbine is discussed. The aim of the research is to investigate and forecast the non-stationary processes in the gas turbine combustion chambers. The results of the numerical experiments which were carried out using three-dimensional mathematical models in gaseous fuels combustion chambers reflect sufficiently the physical and chemical processes of the unsteady combustion and can be recommended to optimize the geometrical and operational parameters of the low-emission combustion chamber. The appliance of such mathematical models are reasonable for the development of new samples of combustors which operate at the lean air-fuel mixture as well as for the modernization of the existing chambers with the aim to develop the constructive measures aimed at reducing the probability of the occurrence of the pulsation combustion modes. Keywords: gas turbine engine, combustor, turbulent combustion, pulsation combustion, numerical methods, mathematical simulation.

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