Proposal of Innovative Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Power Generation System

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideto Moritsuka
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Power Generation System

In order to estimate the possibility to improve thermal efficiency of power generation use gas turbine combined cycle power generation system, benefits of employing the advanced gas turbine technologies proposed here have been made clear based on the recently developed 1500C-class steam cooling gas turbine and 1300C-class reheat cycle gas turbine combined cycle power generation systems. In addition, methane reforming cooling method and NO reducing catalytic reheater are proposed. Based on these findings, the Maximized efficiency Optimized Reheat cycle Innovative Gas Turbine Combined cycle (MORITC) Power Generation System with the most effective combination of advanced technologies and the new devices have been proposed. In case of the proposed reheat cycle gas turbine with pressure ratio being 55, the high pressure turbine inlet temperature being 1700C, the low pressure turbine inlet temperature being 800C, combined with the ultra super critical pressure, double reheat type heat recovery Rankine cycle, the thermal efficiency of combined cycle are expected approximately 66.7% (LHV, generator end).

Disappearing Thermo-Economic Sanity in Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Ratings: A Critique

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Can Gülen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Steam Turbine Condenser

Abstract There is very little doubt that there has been a noticeable advance in heavy-duty industrial gas turbine technology for utility scale electric power generation in the last decade. In keeping with the first six decades of the technology (roughly 1950 through 2010), the main drivers in increasing thermal efficiency and megawatt ratings have been increasing turbine inlet temperature and airflow. In accordance with the basic thermodynamic principles governing the underlying Brayton cycle, compressor pressure ratio kept pace with them. It is hard to quibble about the 40+ percent in rated thermal efficiency in simple cycle. If projected turbine inlet temperatures and cycle pressure ratios can be sustained in the field, current state-of-the-art in turbine hot gas path metallurgy, coatings and advanced film cooling techniques indeed support published ratings. Unfortunately, published combined cycle ratings are an altogether different matter. It is one thing to set the product line rating performance at an aggressive level with well-understood albeit optimistic assumptions such as very low water-cooled steam turbine condenser pressure with open-loop cooling. It is yet another thing to blatantly disregard fundamental laws of thermodynamics with outlandish performance ratings, which are unlikely to materialize even in the next decade or two cost-effectively (unless an unforeseen transformative step-change in technology materializes). In this paper, using fundamental thermodynamic arguments and detailed heat and mass balance simulations, it will be shown that some, if not all, OEM ratings are losing touch with reality.

Thermodynamics Analysis of a Combined Cycle Power Plant

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feliciano Pava´n ◽  
Marco Romo ◽  
Juan Prince
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Work Output ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant

The present paper is a thermodynamics analysis, i.e. both energy and exergy analyses for a natural gas based combined cycle power plant. The analysis was performed for an existing 240 MW plant, where the steam cycle reduces the irreversibilities during heat transfer from gas to water/steam. The effect of operating variables such as pressure ratio, gas turbine inlet temperature on the performance of combined cycle power plant has been investigated. The pressure ratio and maximum temperature (gas turbine inlet temperature) are identified as the dominant parameters having impact on the combined cycle plant performance. The work output of the topping cycle is found to increase with pressure ratio, while for the bottoming cycle it decreases. However, for the same gas turbine inlet temperature the overall work output of the combined cycle plant increases up to a certain pressure ratio, and thereafter not much increase is observed. The exergy losses of the individual components in the plant are evaluated based on second law of thermodynamics. The present results form a basis on which further work can be conducted to improve the performance of these units.

scholarly journals Thermodynamical Optimization of a Combined Cycle Plant Performance

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sarabchi ◽  
G. T. Polley
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Recovery Boiler

Computer modelling of Performance optimization was done to examine the effect of key operating variables like compressor pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, and recovery boiler pressure on performance parameters of a simple combined cycle and comparison was made to a simple gas turbine cycle. Both thermal efficiency and specific net work were examined as pressure ratio and recovery boiler pressure were varied for each turbine inlet temperature. Also careful consideration was given to admissible values of stack gas temperature, steam turbine outlet dryness fraction, and steam turbine outlet dryness fraction, and steam turbine inlet temperature. Specifically, it was shown that when we treat a combined cycle as an integrated system, efficiency optimization entails a pressure ratio below that suitable for simple gas turbine plant.

scholarly journals Development of a Low-NOx LBG Combustor for Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Generation Systems

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
T. Abe ◽  
T. Ninomiya ◽  
T. Nakata ◽  
T. Yoshine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Power Generation Systems

From the view point of future coal utilization technology for the thermal power generation systems, the coal gasification combined cycle system has drawn special interest recently. In the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system, it is necessary to develop a high temperature gas turbine combustor using a low-BTU gas (LBG) which has high thermal efficiency and low emissions. In Japan a development program of the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system has started in 1985 by the national government and Japanese electric companies. In this program, 1300°C class gas turbines will be developed. If the fuel gas cleaning system is a hot type, the coal gaseous fuel to be supplied to gas turbines will contain ammonia. Ammonia will be converted to nitric oxides in the combustion process in gas turbines. Therefore, low fuel-NOx combustion technology will be one of the most important research subjects. This paper describes low fuel-NOx combustion technology for 1300°C class gas turbine combustors using coal gaseous low-BTU fuel as well as combustion characteristics and carbon monoxide emission characteristics. Combustion tests were conducted using a full-scale combustor used for the 150 MW gas turbine at the atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, high pressure combustion tests were conducted using a half-scale combustor used for the 1 50 MW gas turbine.

Expanding Fuel Flexibility in MHPS’ Dry Low NOx Combustor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyoshi Tada ◽  
Kei Inoue ◽  
Tomo Kawakami ◽  
Keijiro Saitoh ◽  
Satoshi Tanimura
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Fuel Flexibility

Gas-turbine combined-cycle (GTCC) power generation is clean and efficient, and its demand will increase in the future from economic and social perspectives. Raising turbine inlet temperature is an effective way to increase combined cycle efficiency and contributes to global environmental conservation by reducing CO2 emissions and preventing global warming. However, increasing turbine inlet temperature can lead to the increase of NOx emissions, depletion of the ozone layer and generation of photochemical smog. To deal with this issue, MHPS (MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS) and MHI (MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES) have developed Dry Low NOx (DLN) combustion techniques for high temperature gas turbines. In addition, fuel flexibility is one of the most important features for DLN combustors to meet the requirement of the gas turbine market. MHPS and MHI have demonstrated DLN combustor fuel flexibility with natural gas (NG) fuels that have a large Wobbe Index variation, a Hydrogen-NG mixture, and crude oils.

Micro Gas Turbine With Ceramic Nozzles and Rotor: Part 2

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Iki ◽  
Takahiro Inoue ◽  
Takayuki Matsunuma ◽  
Hiro Yoshida ◽  
Satoshi Sodeoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Metal Combustion ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Inlet

In order to develop a micro gas turbine with high turbine inlet temperature and thermal efficiency, a series of running tests has been carried out. J-850 jet engine (Sophia Precision Co., Ltd.) was chosen as a baseline machine. The turbine nozzle and the rotor are replaced by type SN-01 (Otsuka Ceramics Co., Ltd.) and type SN-235 (Kyocera Corporation) ceramic elements, respectively. By using type 3a engine, we succeeded one-hour running test of the engine without cooling and severe damages. The turbine inlet temperature was higher than 1000 °C. The rotating speed was about 120,000 rpm. Performances of the type 3a engine (with ceramic nozzle and rotor) and the type 1 (with Inconel alloy nozzle and ceramic rotor) were compared as follows: At the same rotation speed, turbine inlet temperature of the type 3a became higher than that of the type 1. Simultaneously, fuel consumption of type 3a was larger than that of the type 1. Thrust of the type 3a was slightly larger than that of the type 1. Those results imply that the thermal efficiency of type 3a is slightly, 2%, lower than that of the type 1. The present sealing configurations between ceramic nozzle-vanes and their holder plate and ceramic rotor-housing and metal combustion chamber were found to work well.

A 2000-HP Military Vehicle Gas Turbine: A Study of Significant Thermodynamic and Mechanical Parameters

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Blade Cooling ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Military Vehicle ◽  
Compressor Pressure Ratio ◽  
Selection Of

During a study of possible gas turbine cycles for a 2000-hp unit for tank propulsion, it has been established that the level of achievable specific fuel consumption (sfc) is principally determined by the combustor inlet temperature. If a regenerative cycle is selected, a particular value of combustor inlet temperature (and hence sfc) can be produced by an extremely large number of combinations of compressor pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, and heat exchanger effectiveness. This paper outlines the overall design considerations which led to the selection of a relatively low pressure ratio engine in which the turbine inlet temperature was sufficiently low that blade cooling was not necessary.

Optimum Performance Improvements of the Combined Cycle Based on an Intercooler–Reheated Gas Turbine

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamir K. Ibrahim ◽  
M. M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Turbine Inlet

The performance enhancements and modeling of the gas turbine (GT), together with the combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant, are described in this study. The thermal analysis has proposed intercooler–reheated-GT (IHGT) configuration of the CCGT system, as well as the development of a simulation code and integrated model for exploiting the CCGT power plants performance, using the matlab code. The validation of a heavy-duty CCGT power plants performance is done through real power plants, namely, MARAFIQ CCGT plants in Saudi Arabia with satisfactory results. The results from this simulation show that the higher thermal efficiency of 56% MW, while high power output of 1640 MW, occurred in IHGT combined cycle plants (IHGTCC), having an optimal turbine inlet temperature about 1900 K. Furthermore, the CCGT system proposed in the study has improved power output by 94%. The results of optimization show that the IHGTCC has optimum power of 1860 MW and thermal efficiency of 59%. Therefore, the ambient temperatures and operation conditions of the CCGT strongly affect their performance. The optimum level of power and efficiency is seen at high turbine inlet temperatures and isentropic turbine efficiency. Thus, it can be understood that the models developed in this study are useful tools for estimating the CCGT power plant's performance.

Development of a Maintenance Program for Major Gas Turbine Hot Gas Path Parts

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideto Moritsuka ◽  
Tomoharu Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Turbine Inlet

The thermal efficiency of gas turbine combined cycle power generation plants increase significantly in accordance with turbine inlet temperature. Gas turbine combined cycle power plants operating at high turbine inlet temperature are popular as a main thermal power station among our electric power companies in Japan. Thus, gas turbine hot gas parts are working under extreme conditions which will strongly affect their lifetime as well as maintenance costs for repaired and replaced parts. To reduce the latter is of major importance to enhance cost effectiveness of the plant. This report describes a gas turbine maintenance management program of main hot gas parts (combustor chambers, transition peices, turbine 1st. stage nozzles and 1st. stage buckets) for management persons of gas turbine combined cycle power stations in order to obtain an optimal gas turbine maintenance schedule considering rotation, repair and replacement or exchange of those parts.

Comparative Thermodynamic Analysis of Gas Turbine Systems with Turbine Blade Film Cooling

2012 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
pp. 539-543
Author(s):  
Kyoung Hoon Kim ◽  
Kyoung Jin Kim ◽  
Chul Ho Han
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Blade Cooling ◽  
Turbine Inlet

Since the gas turbine systems require active cooling to maintain high operating temperature while avoiding a reduction in the system operating life, turbine blade cooling is very important and essential but it may cause the performance losses in gas turbine. This paper deals with the comparative thermodynamic analysis of gas turbine system with and without regeneration by using the recently developed blade-cooling model when the turbine blades are cooled by the method of film cooling. Special attention is paid to investigating the effects of system parameters such as pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature on the thermodynamic performance of the systems. In both systems the thermal efficiency increases with turbine inlet temperature, but its effect is less sensitive in simpler system

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