Performance Testing of Microturbine Generator System Fueled by Biodiesel

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Wei D. Chiang ◽  
I-Che Chiang ◽  
Hsin-Lung Li
Keyword(s):  
Performance Testing ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Ceramic Disk ◽  
The Impact

Using microturbine generator systems for distributed power generation has become the recent trend. To face the impact of the global energy crisis, one of the options is to use biofuels including biodiesel. To this end, this program is to perform study on biodiesel microturbine testing and analysis. A 150kW microturbine generator set with twin rotating disk regenerators was used. Designed as a vehicular microturbine engine, the twin rotating ceramic disk regenerators dramatically improve fuel consumption by transferring heat energy from the exhaust gas stream to compressor discharge. This paper involved testing of the microturbine generator set at different load conditions using 10%–30% biodiesel fuel. A software program was used to predict the performance of the microturbine generator set at different operating conditions in order to compare with the test results. Both biodiesel and petrodiesel fuels are used on the microturbine generator system in this study and the results will be compared.

Performance Testing of a Microturbine Generator Set With Twin Rotating Disk Regenerators

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Wei D. Chiang ◽  
Chun-Hao Wang ◽  
Chih-Neng Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
System A ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Regenerator System ◽  
And Control

An investigation was conducted to study the performance of a 150 kW microturbine generator set with twin rotating disk regenerators, including testing and analyses. Originally designed as a vehicular microturbine engine, twin rotating ceramic disk regenerators were used to dramatically improve fuel consumption by transferring heat energy from the exhaust gas stream to compressor discharge. This microturbine engine consists of a gasifier assembly, a power turbine, a combustor, a regenerator system, a reduction and accessory drive gearbox, and a fuel management system. Because the microturbine engine did not come with the necessary start and control system (including electronic engine control unit), a start sequence was successfully developed and a manual control system installed. This paper reports on testing of the microturbine generator set at different load conditions using load banks. As a parallel effort, a software program was used to predict the performance of the microturbine generator set at different operating conditions in order to compare with the test results.

scholarly journals The impact of ignition system damage on the emission of toxic substances in a spark-ignition internal combustion engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Mieczysław DZIUBIŃSKI ◽  
Ewa SIEMIONEK ◽  
Artur DROZD ◽  
Michał ŚCIRKA ◽  
Adam KISZCZAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the impact of ignition system damage on the emission of toxic subcategories in a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The aim of the work was to develop an analytical model of ignition system diagnostics, test performance and comparative analysis of the results of simulations and experiments. The model developed allows to analyse the basic parameters of the ignition system affecting the content of toxic substances in the exhaust. Experimental tests were carried out using the MAHA MGT5 exhaust gas analyser for four different combustion engines fueled with petrol at various operating conditions. During the tests, the content of toxic substances in the exhaust gas of a properly working engine and the engine working with damage to the ignition system were registered. The tests will be used to assess the impact of the damage of the spark-ignition engine on the emission of individual components of toxic fumes.

CFD Modelling of an Electrically Trace Heated Blanket

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Le Toux ◽  
Stéphanie Harchambois ◽  
Geoffrey Guindeuil ◽  
Romain Vivet ◽  
François-Xavier Pasquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Convection ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Joule Effect ◽  
Hydrate Dissociation ◽  
Cfd Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Electrically Trace Heated Blanket (ETH-Blanket) is a new offshore intervention/remediation system currently in development by TechnipFMC for the efficient remediation of plugs due to hydrates or wax in subsea production and injection flowlines. The ETH-Blanket consists of a network of heating cables placed underneath an insulation layer which is laid onto the seabed above the plugged flowline. By applying electrical power to the cables, heat is generated by Joule effect which warms up the flowline content until hydrate dissociation or wax plug remediation through softening or complete melting. As part of a Joint Industry Project (JIP) between TechnipFMC, Shell and Total, full-scale thermal testing of an ETH-Blanket prototype was carried out in Artelia facilities (Grenoble, France). This testing was performed to verify the capability of the ETH-Blanket system to increase the temperature of the fluid inside a pipe sample above a target temperature (hydrate dissociation temperature or wax disappearance temperature) for various conditions. The impact of lateral misalignment of the ETH-blanket on the pipe and of the pipe burial depth were studied. Moreover, the tests were carried out on two pipe samples, with different designs and insulation properties. CFD models of the test set-up have been built to replicate the thermal behaviour of the ETH-Blanket prototype. Once validated against the test results, the final aim of CFD modelling is to be able to calculate the performances of the system in real subsea conditions. The modelling of the prototype includes a 3D geometry of the system including the soil, natural convection of water between the ETH-blanket and the pipe sample and natural convection of fluid in the pipe sample. The present paper focuses on the CFD work performed to match the full-scale thermal test results and to predict the ETH-Blanket performances for real subsea operating conditions. It will describe the various CFD models used, the sensitivities and findings in terms of local and global heat transfer and flow effects and the comparison to the experimental data.

Standardized Performance Tests and Their Impact on the Decisions Determining the Type of Rehabilitation Program

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Foldspang
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Early Discharge ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Case Closure ◽  
The Impact

In the health and social sectors, many diagnostic and prognostic tests are carried out without a constant watch on (1) what influence the test results have on decisions, and (2) the impact of these decisions on every day clinical work. Consequently, it is not known whether the additional information gained, if any, justifies the expenditure necessary for resources involved in a testing procedure. In fact, the net impact of testing in every day clinical work may be negative. By carrying out a testing procedure, under the before mentioned conditions, resources would be wasted. Since the early 1970's a battery of standardized performance tests have been used at the Vocational Rehabilitation Clinic in Aarhus, Denmark. Originally, the aim of the tests was to identify and give an early discharge to those clients, that were, in any case, shown to be fit for a social pre-term pension. An early discharge of these clients would enable the Clinic to counsel a greater number of clients who were suited to vocational rehabilitation. The test period lasts two weeks, and the average stay in the Clinic amounts to about 3 months. During the years 1981 to 1983, a total of 607 clients were discharged from the Clinic. Out of the 607, 379 had been given the battery of tests. Those tested stayed 16 days longer at the clinic than the rest of the clients. A few clients got an early discharge. The associations between the test results and case closure status were weak. Furthermore, these weak associations occurred in 6 out of 51 tests. On the other hand, case closure status could be predicted on the basis of already available demographic, social, and health information on the individual clients. The conclusion is, that standardized performance testing seems to have raised the resource consumption of the clinic without any demonstrable benefit in terms of client selection. The need for continuous socio-medical and epidemiological evaluation of rehabilitation tests and procedures is stressed.

Results of pig progeny testing in Great Britain

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Smith
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYFrom 1958 to 1962 over 800 boars and 3,000 sows were progeny tested at the national pig progeny testing stations in Great Britain. Their test results for four traits (daily gain, feed efficiency, average backfat and carcass length) have been used to study the amount and effectiveness of selection and to review the use of the test facilities and their effect on pig improvement.The amount of selection on test results was studied by measuring the difference in performance of animals with sons subsequently tested and all contemporary tested animals. The selection differentials found were from 0·05 to 0·30 standard deviation units for the four traits studied which represents a rather mild degree of selection. Thus selection could have had only a small effect in improving the testing population. In fact sons of tested animals showed little advantage over their contemporaries in test performance. Parent-offspring regressions were calculated and these, in agreement with theoretical estimates, indicated that selection would be effective and would lead to genetic changes in any of the four traits studied. Genetic correlations among the four traits were also calculated and indicated genetic compatability in improving the four traits concurrently.Two proposals intended to increase the impact of testing on pig improvement are put forward. These are (1) to restrict the testing facilities to a small nucleus set of breeders who could concentrate on testing and selection and (2) to replace the progeny testing by performance testing which would allow a more intense selection and a greater rate of improvement for the same testing facilities.

Analysis of the Impact Caused by Residential Users Distributed Photovoltaic Grid-Connected on Distribution Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 1110-1113
Author(s):  
Song Fang Chen ◽  
Fan Tao Lin ◽  
Sha Zhao ◽  
Jing Fen Bai ◽  
Rui Ming Tong
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
The Impact

With more and more wide application of distributed power generation system, it is necessary to explore its impact on the power grid. The first residential user of distributed photovoltaic power generation system in China has recently connected to the power grid. A series of experiments were carried out by State grid metering center to detect status of the residential users system. The testing method of distributed photovoltaic power generation system and the results of field test are briefly introduced in this paper. Through the analysis of the test results, the characteristics of photovoltaic power generation system are discussed, in order to carry out further research of measurement technology.

scholarly journals CFD Modeling Analysis of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Y. Lee ◽  
James S. Bollinger ◽  
Alfred J. Garrett ◽  
Larry D. Koffman
Keyword(s):  
Water Droplet ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Savannah River ◽  
The Impact

Industrial processes use mechanical draft cooling towers (MDCT’s) to dissipate waste heat by transferring heat from water to air via evaporative cooling, which causes air humidification. The Savannah River Site (SRS) has a MDCT consisting of four independent compartments called cells. Each cell has its own fan to help maximize heat transfer between ambient air and circulated water. The primary objective of the work is to conduct a parametric study for cooling tower performance under different fan speeds and ambient air conditions. The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to achieve the objective. The model uses three-dimensional momentum, energy, continuity equations, air-vapor species balance equation, and two-equation turbulence as the basic governing equations. It was assumed that vapor phase is always transported by the continuous air phase with no slip velocity. In this case, water droplet component was considered as discrete phase for the interfacial heat and mass transfer via Lagrangian approach. Thus, the air-vapor mixture model with discrete water droplet phase is used for the analysis. A series of the modeling calculations was performed to investigate the impact of ambient and operating conditions on the thermal performance of the cooling tower when fans were operating and when they were turned off. The model was benchmarked against the literature data and the SRS test results for key parameters such as air temperature and humidity at the tower exit and water temperature for given ambient conditions. Detailed modeling and test results will be presented here.

Experimental Investigation of Switching Oxygen Sensor Behavior Due to Exhaust Gas Effects

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Vosz ◽  
Shawn Midlam-Mohler ◽  
Yann Guezennec ◽  
Steve Yurkovich
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Oxygen Sensor ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Switch Point ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Switching type exhaust gas oxygen sensors are critical to the performance of air-to-fuel ratio control in stoichiometric SI engines. Controlling the air-to-fuel ratio around stoichiometry is necessary for adequate three-way catalyst performance to meet government emissions regulations. However, the feedback signal from the sensor does not always truly depict the actual chemical mixture present in the exhaust gasses, which intrinsically affects the catalyst performance. A sensor may not provide correct air-to-fuel ratio feedback due to certain species in the exhaust gas which affect the equivalence ratio that the sensor switches from the high to low voltage or vice versa. This work attempts to characterize the impact of gas on fresh and aged sensors and builds upon earlier work in the field by using real engine exhaust rather simulated exhaust gas. In these experiments, the air-to-fuel ratio of a stoichiometric gasoline engine is incrementally increased from a lean to rich mixture to elicit the full switching response of the oxygen sensor. Additional sensor output curves are generated in the presence of external additive gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, propane, and gasoline vapor. An automotive emissions analyzer and a hydrogen analyzer detect the concentrations of the exhaust gases and the chemical equivalence ratio is calculated using a carbon balance. This equivalence ratio creates a reference to examine the accuracy of the switch point of the sensor to actual stoichiometry. Using these data sets, it is possible to determine observe the effect of various gas species on the air to fuel ratio at which the sensor switches. The sensitivity of the different sensors to gas concentrations are quantified and presented, which form an elementary model to predict the sensor switch point in the presence of these gas species. Primary findings indicate that the impact of species on the sensor switch point is linearly related to the concentration of the species; sensor type and sensor age have an effect on a sensor's sensitivity to species; and different hydrocarbon species affect sensors differently. The findings support the simulated exhaust gas results reported in the literature in that the degree of interference of a species is related to the diffusion rate of the species with respect to oxygen through the sensor. The results also point toward the importance of the species of hydrocarbons in the engine exhaust, which are uncontrolled and can vary with engine operating conditions. This feature is critical to the application of this knowledge to automotive control.

A Simple Performance Test for Evaluating End Hose Support Straps for Railroad Freight Cars

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Liu ◽  
L. Hua
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Drop Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Real ◽  
Current Requirement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Railroad Freight

A study has been performed to simulate the impact experienced on hose support straps during end hose separations on railroad freight cars. Analysis and comparison of test results of different hose straps show that the elasticity of the hose strap determines the reaction force generated by a certain impact. Under the same impact, a stiffer hose strap sustains a larger reaction force. Unlike the current requirement of AAR S-4006, the relation between the elasticity of the hose strap and its reaction force is not linear. Additionally, for a certain impact, the reaction force of the hose strap is only related to its mechanical properties, which reflects the real application. This study concludes that a simple drop test is adequate as an alternative method for performance testing of hose straps.

Combustion and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of a Passenger Car Diesel Engine Fueled With Biodiesel 30% Derived From Soybean

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Yoon Kim ◽  
WooHeum Cho ◽  
Eun-Hyun Lee ◽  
Jerok Chun
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Engine Management System ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Operating Condition ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Full Load ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Engine Power

The impact of soybean methyl ester (SME) on the injection mass curve, exhaust emissions, engine performance, and exhaust gas temperatures of a common-rail direct injection diesel engine have been investigated. In this study, 30% SME blended diesel fuel (BD30) has been used as a fuel in the engine and results of the investigation were compared to those obtained using petroleum diesel fuel. The results of the investigation show that the change in injection mass curve when using BD30 instead of diesel was insignificant. A combustion analysis shows BD30 has a shorter ignition delay at part-load operating condition where heavy exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate is used. This difference in behavior is due to the oxygen contents and lower stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of BD30, which leads to higher O2 concentration in the exhaust gas. At part-load operating conditions, BD30 results showed 53% reduction in smoke at the expense of 18% increase in NOx emission. The full load engine power for BD30 was decreased by 2.1∼3.8% using EMS (engine management system) configurations without torque adjustment to compensated reduction in calorific value of BD30. When the engine power was so adjusted that BD30 produced the same power as diesel fuel, a lower exhaust gas temperature was observed at full load operating condition. Considering that the LHV (lower heating value) of BD30 is 2.6% lower than that of diesel fuel, there may be no factors that cause deterioration of thermal efficiency on using BD30 under all operating conditions.

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