Graphene Based Nafion® Nanocomposite Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay K. Adigoppula ◽  
Waseem Khan ◽  
Rajib Anwar ◽  
Avni A. Argun ◽  
R. Asmatulu
Keyword(s):  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Nanocomposite Membranes ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Nanocomposite proton-exchange membranes are fabricated by loading graphene nanoflakes into perfluoro sulfonic acid polymer (Nafion) solutions at controlled amounts (1–4 wt%) followed by electrical and thermal characterization of the resulting membranes. Electronic and ionic conductivity values of the nanocomposites, as well as their dielectric and thermal properties improve at increased graphene loadings. Owing to graphene’s exceptionally high surface area to volume ratio and excellent physical properties, these nanocomposite are promising candidates for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell applications.

scholarly journals Atomically Dispersed M-N-C Catalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Recent Progress and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Haoran Kong ◽  
Jiarong Liu ◽  
Yu Yue
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The selection of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts plays a key role in enhancing the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To optimize the energy conversion technology in PEMFCs and improve the cost-effectiveness of ORR catalysts, atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalyst is regarded as one of the most promising materials to replace Pt-based catalysts. In this review, we summarize the advantages of atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts in both physical and chemical properties, including controllable dimensions, ease of accessibility, high surface area and excellent conductivity. Additionally, the unique merits of their cost-effectiveness are also described by a concise comparison with other ORR catalysts. Subsequently, some of its main synthesis methods are based on the most commonly used zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) precursor. Several other precursors involve carbon, nitrogen, and one or more active transition metals (mainly iron or cobalt) are introduced briefly. Although there are a variety of synthesis methods, all these methods are in line with pyrolysis technology. Then, the recent advancements of atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts related to their development and application of Fe-N-C, Mn-N-C, and Co-N-C catalysts are comprehensively described. Finally, based on some common M-N-C catalysts, many improvement ideas are also proposed. The focus is on how to control the negative reaction in Fe-N-C catalysts, improve the activity of Co-N-C catalysts and Mn-N-C catalysts, and find more suitable transition metal materials to prepare M-N-C catalysts.

Nanostructured Pt/WOx-C Solids as Electrocatalyst for PEMFC

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Hernández-Pichardo ◽  
R.G. González-Huerta ◽  
P. Del Angel ◽  
E. Palacios-González ◽  
S.P. Paredes-Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Co Tolerance ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Anode Electrocatalysts ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Nanostructured Pt

Platinum nanoparticles supported on high surface area carbon black (e.g., Vulcan XC-72) are the most commonly used catalysts for both cathode and anode in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), however, some other catalysts such as Pt/MoOx and Pt/WOx are also considered promising, due to their higher activity, stability and enhanced CO tolerance. This work is focused on the synthesis and characterization of nanostructured Pt/WOx-C as both cathode and anode electrocatalysts for PEMFCs. The Pt deposit on the surface of the support is a crucial step in the synthesis of the catalytic materials. Because of this, different synthesis methods were probed in order to find the conditions for the higher dispersion and accessibility of Platinum over the WOx-C support and to improve the PEMFC cathode stability. The catalysts were prepared by UV and ultrasound assisted approaches, and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy as well as lineal and cyclic voltammetry.

Functionalized mesoporous structured inorganic materials as high temperature proton exchange membranes for fuel cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (21) ◽  
pp. 7637-7655 ◽  
Author(s):  
San Ping Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Nanocomposite Membranes ◽  
Functionalized Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Exchange Membrane

High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on functionalized mesoporous silica nanocomposite membranes.

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyurethanic Proton Exchange Membranes

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bottino ◽  
G. Capannelli ◽  
A. Comite ◽  
C. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Sulfonic Group ◽  
Isethionic Acid ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Novel proton exchange membranes have been prepared by in synthesis functionalization of a polyurethane matrix with a sulfonic group containing chain terminals. The synthesis procedure was based on the use of two polyethylene glycols with nominal molecular weight of 300 and 1 k and 4,4′ dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate in presence of the sodium salt of isethionic acid as a donor of the sulfonic group. Glycerol was added in order to improve by reticulation the stability of the cast films. The membranes were characterized in terms of swelling, morphology, methanol permeability, proton conductivity, and ion exchange capacity. The best H2/air cell performance was achieved at 80 °C with a maximum power density of 16.9 mW/cm2 at a voltage of about 0.35 V. Polyurethane based ionomeric membranes have proved to be interesting candidates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) applications.

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