Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Think Pyramids

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam E. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Legal Standards

The developing communities in their path for rapid development is endeavoring to make all necessary and appropriate measures to enhance the efficiency of energy utilization and increase the beneficiation of the energy resources. The energy production, transmission, distribution and utilization efficiency becomes a vital factor and measure of national development. Governmental organizations were established earlier to be responsible for energy planning and efficient utilization, information dissemination and capacity building as well as devising the necessary codes and standards. Throughout the Nation, energy resources are widely used and consumption rates are in general exceeding the International accepted values. Energy rationalization and audit exercises were developed and monitored by Governmental Authorities, Universities and Research centers through the past two decades with a definitive positive energy reduction and beneficiation. The development of the relevant codes for Residential and Commercial Energy Efficiency in buildings is underway through the governmental bodies responsible for the research and development in the building Technology sector and is the umbrella under which the National and Unified Arab Codes are developed and issued. A proposed new Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD) would fulfill the following main targets of energy performance directive: 1. “Legestilative authorities shall ensure that, when buildings are constructed, sold or rented out, an energy performance certificate is made available to the owner or by the owner to the prospective buyer or tenant, as the case might be. … 2. The energy performance certificate for buildings shall include reference values such as currant legal standards and benchmarks in order to make it possible for consumers to compare and assess the energy performance of the building. The certificate shall be accompanied by recommendations for cost-effective improvement of the energy performance…” The following steps shall be required for the energy certification: 1. Develop methodologies for energy declaration of the buildings. 2. Develop reference values (key numbers) and /or systems for benchmarking. 3. Provide a labeling system for selected buildings. 4. Describe an energy signature for the building.

An International Outlook of Innovative Energy Efficient Designs of Low Carbon Buildings

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam E. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Legal Standards

The Developing communities in their path for rapid development is endeavoring to make all necessary and appropriate measures to enhance the efficiency of energy utilization and increase the beneficiation of the energy resources. The energy production, transmission, distribution and utilization efficiency becomes a vital factor and measure of national development. Governmental organizations were established earlier to be responsible for energy planning and efficient utilization, information dissemination and capacity building as well as devising the necessary codes and standards. Throughout the Nation Energy resources are widely used and consumption rates are in general exceeding the International accepted values. Energy rationalization and audit exercises were developed and monitored by Governmental authorities, Universities and Research centers through the past two decades with a definitive positive energy reduction and beneficiation. The development of the relevant codes for Residential and Commercial Energy Efficiency in Building is underway through the governmental bodies responsible for the research and development in the building Technology sector and is the umbrella under which the National and Unified Arab Codes are developed and issued. A proposed new Energy Performance in Buildings Directive based on relevant ISO, ASHRAE and LEED would be beneficial to practitioners to meet the following targets of Energy Performance Directive: 1. “Legestilative authorities shall ensure that, when buildings are constructed, sold or rented out, an energy performance certificate should be made available to the owner. 2. The energy performance certificate for buildings shall include reference values such as currant legal standards and benchmarks in order to make it possible for consumers to compare and assess the energy performance of the building. The certificate shall be accompanied by recommendations for cost-effective improvement of the energy performance…”.Ultimately a unique energy standard is sought for Middle East region to harness the energy consumption. This can be achieved by developing methodologies for energy declaration of the buildings and to provide a labeling system and energy signature for selected buildings.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Designs of Sustainable Buildings in Urban Environment.

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03036
Author(s):  
M.El-Sherif Doaa ◽  
Essam E. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Consumption Rates

The Developing communities in their path for rapid development is endeavoring to make all necessary and appropriate measures to enhance the efficiency of energy utilization and increase the beneficiation of the energy resources. The energy production, transmission, distribution and utilization efficiency becomes a vital factor and measure of national development. Governmental organizations were established earlier to be responsible for energy planning and efficient utilization, information dissemination and capacity building as well as devising the necessary codes and standards. Throughout the Nation Energy resources are widely used and consumption rates are in general exceeding the International accepted values. Energy rationalization and audit exercises were developed and monitored by Governmental authorities, Universities and Research centers through the past two decades with a definitive positive energy reduction and beneficiation. The development of the relevant codes for Residential and Commercial Energy Efficiency in Building is underway through the governmental bodies responsible for the research, training and development in the building Technology sector and is the umbrella under which the National and Unified Arab Codes are developed and issued.

Ten Tips for Energy-Efficient Air-Conditioned Buildings

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam E. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Codes Of Practice ◽  
Developing Communities

The Developing communities in their path for rapid development is endeavoring to make all necessary and appropriate measures to enhance the efficiency of energy utilization and increase the beneficiation of the energy resources. The energy production, transmission, distribution and utilization efficiency becomes a vital factor and measure of national development. Governmental organizations were established earlier to be responsible for energy planning and efficient utilization, information dissemination and capacity building as well as devising the necessary codes and standards. Energy rationalization and audit exercises were developed and monitored by Governmental authorities, Universities and Research centers through the past two decades with a definitive positive energy reduction and beneficiation. The development of the relevant codes of practice and giving hints and tips to energy managers on how to effectively reduce their energy bill is forcibly underway.

Analysis of China’s Provincial Energy Efficiency Based on the Generalized DEA Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 890-895
Author(s):  
Hui Min Li ◽  
Cun Bin Li ◽  
Zhan Xin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, with the rapid economic growth, the demand on the amount of energy in China is increasing. So the problem of how to improve the energy utilization efficiency and save energy consumption has to be tackled. The traditional CCR model and BCC model used in the study of provincial energy efficiency do not take the impact of technological progress into consideration. Therefore, the paper uses the generalized DEA method to research the energy utilization efficiency of China’s 29 provinces, that is, to evaluate and analyze the energy utilization efficiency by selecting the capital stock, employment and total energy consumption of China’s provinces as input factors and GDP, per capital GDP as output factors, and then draw tables showing each province’s change of average annual overall efficiency and the pure technology changes, and finally analyze the regularities underlying these changes.

scholarly journals A Fast Neighbor Discovery Algorithm in WSNs

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangxiong Wei ◽  
Weijie Sun ◽  
Haixiang Chen ◽  
Ping Yuan ◽  
Feng Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Neighbor Discovery ◽  
Low Duty Cycle ◽  
Discovery Algorithms

With the quick development of Internet of Things (IoT), one of its important supporting technologies, i.e., wireless sensor networks (WSNs), gets much more attention. Neighbor discovery is an indispensable procedure in WSNs. The existing deterministic neighbor discovery algorithms in WSNs ensure that successful discovery can be obtained within a given period of time, but the average discovery delay is long. It is difficult to meet the need for rapid discovery in mobile low duty cycle environments. In addition, with the rapid development of IoT, the node densities of many WSNs greatly increase. In such scenarios, existing neighbor discovery methods fail to satisfy the requirement in terms of discovery latency under the condition of the same energy consumption. This paper proposes a group-based fast neighbor discovery algorithm (GBFA) to address the issues. By carrying neighbor information in beacon packet, the node knows in advance some potential neighbors. It selects more energy efficient potential neighbors and proactively makes nodes wake up to verify whether these potential neighbors are true neighbors, thereby speeding up neighbor discovery, improving energy utilization efficiency and decreasing network communication load. The evaluation results indicate that, compared with other methods, GBFA decreases the average discovery latency up to 10 . 58 % at the same energy budget.

scholarly journals Impact of waste heat recovery systems on energy efficiency improvement of a heavy-duty diesel engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheshu Ma ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Container Ship ◽  
Large Container

Abstract The increase of ship’s energy utilization efficiency and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions have been high lightened in recent years and have become an increasingly important subject for ship designers and owners. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is seeking measures to reduce the CO2 emissions from ships, and their proposed energy efficiency design index (EEDI) and energy efficiency operational indicator (EEOI) aim at ensuring that future vessels will be more efficient. Waste heat recovery can be employed not only to improve energy utilization efficiency but also to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, a typical conceptual large container ship employing a low speed marine diesel engine as the main propulsion machinery is introduced and three possible types of waste heat recovery systems are designed. To calculate the EEDI and EEOI of the given large container ship, two software packages are developed. From the viewpoint of operation and maintenance, lowering the ship speed and improving container load rate can greatly reduce EEOI and further reduce total fuel consumption. Although the large container ship itself can reach the IMO requirements of EEDI at the first stage with a reduction factor 10% under the reference line value, the proposed waste heat recovery systems can improve the ship EEDI reduction factor to 20% under the reference line value.

scholarly journals Towards Industrial Energy Efficiency Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-430
Author(s):  
Kristiāna Dolge ◽  
Anna Kubule ◽  
Stelios Rozakis ◽  
Inga Gulbe ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
First Results ◽  
Industrial Energy Efficiency

AbstractThe study analyses factors that determine industrial energy efficiency. Composite index methodology was applied to evaluate energy utilization efficiency levels across different industrial sub-sectors. In total 12 indicators were incorporated in 3 main dimensions – economic, technical, and environmental. The first results for dimension sub-indices of the 18 main manufacturing sub-sectors in Latvia were presented and discussed. The findings of the study indicated that sector-specific disparities exist that significantly impact the energy efficiency performance of each industrial sub-sector.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Measures Applied to Heritage Retrofit Buildings: A Simulated Student Housing Case Study in Vienna

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 3919-3937
Author(s):  
Essam Elnagar ◽  
Simran Munde ◽  
Vincent Lemort
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Energy Efficiency Measures ◽  
Efficiency Measures

One pavilion was selected for deep retrofitting from the Otto Wagner area situated in the west of Vienna. The retrofitting process involves sustainable and energy-efficient construction to improve the energy performance and energy production potential of the building while preserving the cultural heritage and significance. This four-story pavilion was re-designed according to the proposed regulations of a net positive energy university building to become a student residence. Architectural, building envelope, and engineering interventions along with various changes were simulated through the Sefaira tool in the SketchUp model. These included: optimization of the U-values of the roof, walls, and floor; the addition of different layers of sustainable energy-efficient insulation materials to decrease the overall energy demand. The specific energy demands for heating, cooling, and lighting were decreased in the proposed model to reduce the total energy use intensity from 248.9 kWh/(m2 year) to 54.3 kWh/(m2 year) resulting in a 78.2% reduction. The main goal of this study is to try and achieve a net positive energy status building as part of the Otto Wagner area by improving the building envelope and integrating renewable energies. A total of 22.5% of the annual energy consumption was generated by the designed PV system. The selected building achieved the passive house standards in Austria by optimizing the energy performance with the proposed energy efficiency measures.

Energy Savings Insurance: Advances and Opportunities for Funding Small- and Medium-Sized Energy Efficiency and Distributed Generation Projects in Chile

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Chaparro ◽  
Maria Netto ◽  
Patricio Mansilla ◽  
Daniel Magallon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
National Development ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

The Energy Savings Insurance Program seeks to promote investment in energy efficiency and distributed generation in Latin America, primarily through small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It focuses on developing an innovative scheme of guaranteed energy performance that mitigates project risk and generates investor confidence (ESI Model). The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) facilitates the development of the ESI Program in alliance with the National Development Banks (NDBs). The ESI Model includes a contract for the supply, installation, and maintenance of equipment for generating a stipulated amount of energy or energy savings over a specific time period; validation by an independent body; insurance coverage that backs the savings or the guaranteed energy generation; and project financing. This paper describes the main attributes of the ESI Model (the contract, the insurance, validation and financing), evaluates market potential and the most attractive technologies, and identifies the priority sectors for implementing projects in Chile. The most promising economic sectors were found to be the hospitality industry, food processing industry, grape growing/wine production, and the fishing industry, and the technologies of electric motors, boilers, air conditioning systems and photovoltaic solar generation. In each of these sectors, estimates were made of financing requirements as well as CO2 emission reductions that could be achieved.

scholarly journals Research and Design of Wind and Solar Complementary Electric Sightseeing Boat

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 02056
Author(s):  
Haomin Zhang ◽  
Xingang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Light Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Hull Design

To solve the problem of rapid development of domestic water tourism and water pollution in scenic waters, windsurfing technology and solar photovoltaic technology are applied to small and medium-sized sightseeing cruise ships. While optimizing the hull design and component coordination, the application of automatic control technology further improves the utilization efficiency of wind and light energy, and achieves the adaptation of the sail angle of attack and the efficient coupling of the two energies. The ship mainly uses the natural resources of solar energy and wind energy. It will not burn fossil fuels during the ship’s travel, thus reducing the emission of toxic and harmful substances, which has positive significance for environmental protection. In short, the solar wind-assisted power generation ship studied in this project has remarkable features such as zero emission, high degree of intelligence, significant wind-assisted effect, high efficiency of light energy utilization, and low hull space occupation. Compared with the ordinary lake area cruise ship, the energy-saving and emission reduction effect of the power generation ship is very obvious[1].

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