Head Wave Simulation of a KCS Model Using OpenFOAM for the Assessment of Sea-Margin

The paper presents calm water and head wave simulation results for a KRISO Container Ship (KCS) model. All simulations have been performed using the open source CFD toolkit, OpenFOAM. Initially, a systematic verification study is presented using the ITTC guideline to assess the simulation associated uncertainties. After that, a validation study is performed to assess the accuracy of the results. Next, calm water simulations are performed with sinkage and trim free condition at varying speeds. Later, head wave simulations are performed with heave and pitch free motion. Simulations are repeated for varying wave lengths to assess the encountered added resistance by the ship in design speed. The results are validated against available experimental data. Finally, power predictions are made for both calm water and head wave cases to assess the required propulsion power. The paper tries to assess the validity of using 25% addition as sea margin over calm water prediction to consider wave encounters

An Towards a multi-criteria decision approach to solving the container storage problem Container Ship loading component.

In this article, the authors treat the problem of container storage in the export direction, exactly in the containership loading process. The authors propose an approach to the problem of container placement in a containership by describing a decision model to help decision-makers (handling operators) to minimize the total container movement. This is obtained by using a multicriteria decision method AHP (analytic hierarchy process) to identify the best location of any container. Here, the authors consider four criteria: the container destination, the container weight, the departure date of the container, and the container type.

Implementation of the IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Guidelines

This paper provides a discussion of the technical and theoretical ambiguities, requirements, and limitations to develop a practical implementation of the IMO Second Generation Intact Stability criteria. This discussion is the result of industry collaboration, where two implementations of the guidelines were developed jointly, albeit independently. Both implementations were then used to assess four sample cases: C11 container ship, KRISO container ship (KCS), barge, and fishing vessel, for which the detailed particulars and results are given. Conclusions on the practicalities of use, a comparison of the results, and suggestions on how the criteria might be integrated into a workflow are also given.

COMPARISON OF UNSTEADY REYNOLDS-AVERAGED NAVIER-STOKES PREDICTION OF SELF-PROPELLED CONTAINER SHIP SQUAT AGAINST EMPIRICAL METHODS AND BENCHMARK DATA

The demand to increase port throughput has driven container ships to travel relatively fast in shallow water whilst avoiding grounding and hence, there is need for more accurate high-speed squat predictions. A study has been undertaken to determine the most suitable method to predict container ship squat when travelling at relatively high speeds (Frh ≥ 0.5) in finite water depth (1.1 ≤ h/T ≤ 1.3). The accuracy of two novel self-propelled URANS CFD squat model are compared with that of readily available empirical squat prediction formulae. Comparison of the CFD and empirical predictions with benchmark data demonstrates that for very low water depth (h/T < 1.14) and when Frh < 0.46; Barass II (1979), ICORELS (1980), and Millward’s (1992) formulae have the best correlation with benchmark data for all cases investigated. However, at relatively high speeds (Frh ≥ 0.5) which is achievable in deeper waters (h/T ≥ 1.14), most of the empirical formulae severely underestimated squat (7-49%) whereas the quasi-static CFD model presented has the best correlation. The changes in wave patterns and effective wake fraction with respect to h/T are also presented.