Performance Degradation Monitoring of Centrifugal Compressors Using Deviation Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shahrizal Jasmani ◽  
Thomas Van Hardeveld ◽  
Mohd Faizal Bin Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Deviation Analysis ◽  
Degradation Monitoring

Performance degradation monitoring of centrifugal compressor provides a means for the operators predict the behavior of their machines. Understanding the key principles in performance evaluation is essential for operators to benefit from this approach. In this paper, common performance degradation mechanisms found in centrifugal compressors for the oil and gas industry are outlined and related to their associated performance characteristics. Various analysis and evaluation techniques and approaches are elaborated with relevant requirements and assumptions for practical site application. A case study is also presented to demonstrate the application of performance degradation monitoring in a real-life operating environment. The benefits and limitations of the approach are also discussed. When combined with other condition monitoring approaches, this method provides a powerful tool to analyze and monitor centrifugal compressor performance which will then lead to useful recommendations for maintenance and operational interventions.

Matching of Synchronous Motors and Centrifugal Compressors: Oil and Gas Industry Practice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Taher ◽  
Dragan Ristanovic ◽  
Cyrus Meher-Homji ◽  
Pradeep Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Synchronous Motor ◽  
Variable Frequency ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Variable Frequency Drive ◽  
Synchronous Motors

Abstract Synchronous motor driven centrifugal compressors are widely used in the oil and gas industry. In evaluating the optimum selection of synchronous motor drivers for centrifugal compressors, it is important to understand the factors influencing a proper match for a centrifugal compressor and its synchronous motor driver. The buyer should specify process requirements and define possible operating scenarios for the entire life of the motor driven centrifugal compressor train. The compressor designer will use the buyer-specified process conditions to model the aerothermodynamic behavior of the compressor and characterize its performance. Performance, controllability, starting capabilities as well as the optimum power margin required for a future-oriented design must also be considered. This paper reviews the criteria for evaluating the optimal combination of a centrifugal compressor and its synchronous motor driver as an integral package. It also addresses API standard requirements on synchronous motor driven centrifugal compressors. Design considerations for optimal selection and proper sizing of compressor drivers include large starting torque requirements to enable compressor start from settle-out conditions and to prevent flaring are addressed. Start-up capabilities of the motor driver can significantly impact the reliability and operability of the compressor train. API 617 on centrifugal compressors refers to API 546 for synchronous motor drivers. In this paper, requirements of API 617 and 546 are reviewed and several important design and sizing requirements are presented. In the effort to optimize plant design, and maintain the performance requirements, the paper discusses optimization options, such as direct on-line starting method to explore the motor rating limits, and the use of synchronous motors for power factor correction to eliminate or reduce the need for reactive power compensation by capacitor banks. This paper presents a novel approach to show constant reactive power lines on traditional V curves. It also complements capability curves of synchronous motors with lines of constant efficiency. The paper discusses variable frequency drive options currently used for synchronous motors in compressor applications. The paper addresses the available variable frequency drive types, their impact on the electrical grid, and motor design considerations with a view to summarizing factors important to the selection of variable frequency drives.

Matching of Gas Turbines and Centrifugal Compressors: Oil and Gas Industry Practice

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Taher ◽  
Cyrus Meher-Homji
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Compressor Design ◽  
Selection Of

Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors are widely used in the oil and gas industry. In evaluating the optimum selection of gas turbine drivers for centrifugal compressors, one of the main objectives should be to verify proper integration and matching of the centrifugal compressor to its gas turbine driver. Gas turbines are of standard designs, while centrifugal compressors are specifically designed to meet customer requirements. The purchaser should clearly specify process requirements and define possible operating scenarios for the entire life of the gas turbine driven centrifugal compressor train. Process requirements defined by the purchaser, will be used by the compressor designer to shape the aero-thermodynamic behavior of the compressor and characterize compressor performance. When designing a centrifugal compressor to be driven by a specific gas turbine, other design requirements are automatically introduced to centrifugal compressor design. Off-design performance, optimum power turbine speeds at site conditions as well as optimum power margin required for a future-oriented design must all be considered. Design and off-design performance of the selected gas turbine at site conditions influences the final selection of a properly matched centrifugal compressor design. In order to evaluate different designs and select the most technically viable solution, the purchaser should have a clear understanding of the factors influencing a proper match for a centrifugal compressor and its gas turbine driver. This paper discusses criteria for evaluating the most efficient combination of a centrifugal compressor and its gas turbine driver as an integral package from a purchaser’s viewpoint. It also addresses API standard requirements on gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors.

Creating the circular advantage for the oil and gas industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Christopher Coldrick ◽  
Rowan Fenn ◽  
David Sahota
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Materials Management ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
The Impact

Maintenance, repair and operating (MRO) materials typically represent 15–20% of the operating costs for a mature oil and gas asset. Of this, a substantial proportion is comprised of high-value repairable equipment such as motors, compressors and pumps. This equipment is often at bottlenecks in the production process and so the impact of materials cost on profitability is magnified by the production ramifications of an outage. Effective management of this equipment is key to the sustainable, profitable operation of any oil and gas asset, and is key to improving the competitiveness of the Australian industry. Oil and gas companies are adopting a variety of models to handle the repair process, with varying degrees of success. Challenges include: poor materials availability and lack of traceability; complex infield materials management processes resulting in costly wastages; difficulty in managing consistency, suitability and specifications of repairs; high cost for those undertaking the repairs; and, correct allocation of responsibility and risk in the materials management process. Developed in collaboration with Australian oil and gas operators, with input from case studies outside the oil and gas industry, this extended abstract discusses the roles and opportunities for the circular economy in helping companies to meet their sustainability and profitability targets. Using several real-life examples, it makes recommendations for vendors, service providers and operators that can have material impact on the profitability of the industry.

scholarly journals Optimization of compressor stations

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 668-674
Author(s):  
Kurz Rainer
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Planning And Operation

Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors are a mainstay in the oil and gas industry for upstream and midstream applications. For an increased effort to reduce greenhouse gases, one of the most promising efforts is the increase in operational efficiency. For the applications in the oil and gas industry, the efficiency increase come from increased equipment efficiency, or from increased operational efficiency. This paper is about increasing operational efficiency. The discussion will lead from the operational characteristics of gas turbine driven compressors to the characteristics of the application, and ways in planning and operation to optimize the system.

Measured Performance of Two-Stage Centrifugal Compressor Under Wet Gas Conditions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Bertoneri ◽  
Simone Duni ◽  
David Ransom ◽  
Luigi Podestà ◽  
Massimo Camatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Discharge Temperature ◽  
Wet Gas

The oil and gas industry is moving forward to access the most remote gas reserves and enhance the exploitation of the existing installation or postponing their tail-end. To achieve these accomplishments several technology challenges are being unveiled. In topside upstream application both offshore and onshore, one important technology issue is the capability to compress gas with a significant amount of liquids and it assumes a special interest in case of the facilities revamping. Nevertheless is in the subsea environment where this technology issue becomes really challenging. In order to properly design and size a compressor/motor system for subsea wet gas compression, one must be able to adequately predict the compressor performance with mixed phase flow. This paper presents the results from an experimental test program which investigated the performance of a centrifugal compressor at various wet gas conditions with elevated suction pressure. Performance tests are completed on a two stage centrifugal compressor with a mixture of air and water at suction pressures of 20 bar (300 psi). The compressor is subjected to flow with liquid volume fractions ranging from 0 to 5% along three speedlines. The performance measurements are made in accordance with ASME PTC-10 specifications with an additional torque measurement on the shaft between the compressor and gearbox. At each test condition, once the liquid is injected in the air flow, an increase in pressure ratio occurs. This testifies the compressor is still able to work in presence of water. However, increasing the amount of liquid injected a decreased polytropic head together with an increased absorbed actual power by the compressor cause a deterioration of its efficiency. Moreover when liquid is introduced into the flow, the discharge temperature of the compressor reduces significantly. The performance results and trends mentioned above are reviewed in the detail in this paper.

scholarly journals Optimization of Safety Instrumented System Design and Maintenance Frequency for Oil and Gas Industry Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Redutskiy
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Safety System ◽  
System Configuration ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Periodic Maintenance ◽  
Problem Instances

Abstract Oil and gas industry processes are associated with significant expenditures and risks. Adequacy of the decisions on safety measures made during early stages of planning the facilities and processes contributes to avoiding technological incidents and corresponding losses. Formulating straightforward requirements for safety instrumented systems that are followed further during the detailed engineering design and operations is proposed, and a mathematical model for safety system design is introduced in a generalized form. The model aims to reflect the divergent perspectives of the main parties involved in oil and gas projects, and, therefore, it is formulated as a multi-objective problem. Application of black box optimization is suggested for solving real-life problem instances. A Markov model is applied to account for device failures, technological incidents, continuous restorations and periodic maintenance for a given process and safety system configuration. This research is relevant to engineering departments and contractors, who specialize in planning and designing the technological solution.

Rotordynamic Comparison of Built-Up Versus Solid Rotor Construction

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jeffrey Moore ◽  
Andrew H. Lerche
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Critical Speed ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
7Th Edition ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Shrink Fit ◽  
Level 2

Most manufacturers of multi-stage centrifugal compressors for the oil and gas industry utilize a solid shaft rotor construction. The impellers use a shrink fit onto the shaft with spacers in between the impellers. With the introduction of the guidelines in the 7th edition of API 617, built-up rotors for centrifugal compressors using a tie-bolt are recognized by API. This study compares the rotordynamic performance of the identical compressor using both a tie-bolt design and a more conventional solid rotor for a two-stage pipeline application. A full API 617 lateral analysis is performed on the two designs, assuming identical impeller flow path, stage spacing, and hub diameter. The critical speed and unbalance response are computed, and a full Level 2 stability analysis is performed for each case. The results show the tie-bolt construction to be slightly lighter and stiffer, resulting in a higher critical speed and improved rotordynamic stability.

Sustainable Green Policy by Managing Flare Gas Recovery: A Case with Middle East Oil and Gas Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Sinha ◽  
Supriyo Roy ◽  
Manju Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Gas System ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Process Plants

Push for sustainability is evident in areas such as energy generation where the focus has been on finding new deposits to outpace drawdown on existing reserves. Gas flaring is employed by oil and gas industries to burn-off associated gasses from refineries, hydrocarbon processing plants or oil and gas reserve wells. It is one of the most taxing energies and environmental problems challenging the world today. Generally, safety flaring was dubbed as the saviour of process plants and mostly covers for sudden or unplanned plant trips. It is an opportunity to cut greenhouse gases (GHGs) from oil and gas processing plants through flare gas recovery (FGR) process. Oil and gas plants can employ diverse FGR procedures to offset key concerns about the environmental bearing of GHGs emanation most of which necessitating novel apparatus and extraordinary outlay of design and construction. In this study, apart from economic aspects, a real-life case study is extensively analysed to highlight exploration and adoption of optimizing FGR that may be beneficial if flare gas can be recovered, instead of burning. The output of the study may have a significant impact for refineries towards both economic and sustainability towards greening. In a nutshell, this study highlights the efficacy of reducing ‘flare gas system’ towards environment-friendly ‘greening’ aspect as the core of designing.

Cost Optimization in Mega Oil & Gas Projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Awwad ◽  
Ahmed Marei Al Radhi ◽  
Manoj Kumar Panigrahy ◽  
Suraj Kumar Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry

Abstract Cost optimization is a continuous process in any business to drive cost reduction, while maximizing business value. Currently, cost reduction is being adopted by Oil & Gas firms as a core strategy, in order to maximize the profit margin. With global economies facing recession and wide fluctuations in energy demands, it seems low costs is becoming the safety valve for Oil & Gas companies. The oil and gas industry is under tremendous revenue and costs pressures. The indication is that globally, the oil and gas industry has experienced a huge drop in revenue in recent past. Some exploration and production oil firms have either halted or slowed down their production operations. Companies that manage their costs effectively will gain a competitive advantage. The oil market has less maneuverability with oil cartels determining the international price of oil. Project Costs are the major cost drivers of the Life Cycle costing & so Cost optimization of all mega Oil & Gas Projects became necessitated. Mega Oil & Gas projects, especially at ADNOC Offshore locations, are complex, labor-intensive and located inside Arabian Sea. These workforces are mainly from south Asian countries and so offshore sites are often subjected to the constraints of insufficient labor. These projects face multiple challenges in project management like severe weather, geographical conditions, insufficient work spaces etc. in addition to labor forces. Cost reductions are accomplished through optimization of its strong and robust project management organization, management of uncertainties, high quality engineering, and implementation of value engineering during engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning (EPCC) phases and effective management of changes along with key Stakeholders expectations throughout the project life cycle. This paper is based on the authors’ real life experience in implementation of many complex and mega upstream Oil & Gas projects with ADNOC Offshore who is currently leading multiple projects at DAS & Zirku islands. The most workable methods in this regard are listed here below.

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